TREATISE ON MILCH COWS. 



are found in all breeds. The yield varies according to the Order and the size, 

 just as in the First and Second Classes. 



HIGH COW. 



First Order. — Cows of this Size and Order yield, during the hight of their flow, 

 eighteen litres a day, and continue to give milk until they are eight months 

 gone with calf. 



They exhibit the same delicacy of texture, and the same yellowish color of the 

 skin within the escutcheon, as those of tlie higher Orders of the foregoing Classes. 

 The escutcheon, in its upper part, is broader than that of the Second Class. It 

 commences between the four teats, and on the inner surface of the thighs above 

 the hock joint. Rising thence, and encroaching upon the outer surface of the 

 thighs to two points, (A A) about midway up, its upper part is bounded by the 

 lines above mentioned ; which, beginning at the points A A, curve outward, and 

 are united, just below the vulva, about an inch or less from it, by another short 

 curved line. (B) The lower part of the escutcheon is boimded by lines on the 

 thighs, curving inward. 



Above the hind teats, and nearly in a vertical line with them, are two ovals, 

 (E E) formed by hair growing downward, the same as in the higher Orders of the 

 two preceding Classes. 



Second Order. — These Cows yield, during the hight of their flow, sixteen 

 litres a day, and continue to give milk until they are seven months gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is the same as that just described, only somewhat contracted 

 in all its parts. There is but one oval (E) above the teats, on the left side. On 

 the left of the vulva, is a streak of ascending hair, (F) about an inch and a half 

 long by less than half an inch in width. 



Third Order. — These Cows yield, while at the hight of their flow, fourteen 

 litres a day, and continue to give milk until six months gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is of the same shape as in the preceding Order ; contracted, 

 however, in all its parts. The point B is still lower down. To the right and left 

 of the vulva are two streaks of ascending hair, (F F) about four inches long by 

 less than an inch in width. Above the teats, on the left, is one oval (E). 



Fourth Order. — These Cows, while at the hight of their flow, yield twelve 

 litres a day, and continue to give milk until they are four months gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is still the same in shape, but on a yet smaller scale through- 

 out ; its upper extremity at a greater distance, therefore, below the vulva. The 

 base of its upper part rests on the udder. The streaks of ascending hair, (F F) 

 on the right and left of the vulva, are longer and wider than those in the third 

 Order ; and the hairs within them bristle up, projecting on each side. On the 

 right there is a failure of the ascending hair below the point A, and its place (F) 

 is occupied by hair growing downward. 



Fifth Order. — These Cows, while at the hight of their flow, yield ten litres 

 a day, and continue to give milk until they are three months gone with calf. 



The escutcheon is smaller still, lower down, and confined to the inner surface 

 of the thighs. On the left, there is a patch of bristling hair growing upward, 

 nearly eight inches long by an inch and a half, or more, in width. To the right 

 and left, beginning at the points A A, are two spaces (F F) covered with hair 

 growing downward instead of the ascending hair. They are about four inches in 

 width, and six inches long, running inward toward the crease formed by the 

 meeting of the thighs. 



(914.1 



