12 MONTHLY JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE. 



anent under his own direction — or at the estates of Coh Hampton near Columbia, 

 where one may, with one coup d^oeil, look over some 1500 acres in a single field, and 

 that the very first in which cotton was planted as a field crop ; so level and cleaa 

 ihat a large black snake, or " horse-runner,^'' might be seen crawling over any part 

 of it ; and yet so carefully and judiciously drained as to bear upon its surface not a 

 •quart of stagnant water. Ditches without a clod to obstruct the flow of water 

 ■or a bush to disfigure their borders, and throughout the whole estate of several 

 thousand acres, roads as well constructed and in as perfect order as if they had 

 ieen just handed over as finished work from the hands of a corps of Uncle Sam's 

 ■engineers. It is here worthy of being noted, for example's sake, that on these es- 

 tates the clearing out and repairs of roads and ditches constitute a part of what is 

 called the " task " for the slaves, which is really a light one as compared with the 

 x".iistomary hours of field labor in Europe. In this way roads and ditches and fences 

 ■lare all kept in order with as much punctuality as the adjacent cultivated fields. It 

 ■as in view of such management and perfection of work that every onemust be struck 

 with the superior results of labor fully fed and clothed, and skillfully directed ; 

 showing by comparison, the eflTicicncy of well trained regulars over volunteers 

 and raw militia, as would probably be illustrated by any calculation which should 

 exhibit a fair account of profit and loss. We are relating facts, not discussing 

 principles. But we must " try back" for the present to the old North State for a 

 view of the Tar and Turpentine business, as it was that which first and most forci- 

 bly attracted attention in a series of objects, with which, by personal observa- 

 tion, we had been theretofore almost altogether unacquainted. The following 

 description of this branch of industry is the redemption of a promise exacted by 

 as on the spot, in the woods, the precise theatre of the experience it so kindly and 

 fully details, and is the article refered to in our last as being then not in hand. 



We are in daily hope and eager expectation of a paper on rice culture from one 

 of the best and most accomplished Planters near Savannah. 



NOTES ON THE LONG-LEAFED PINE. 

 [Pinus Palustrts. L.) 

 This species was originally described under the above name by Linnaeus, (Sp. 

 Vol. IV. p. 449.), and was thus characterized — 



''Leaves in threes, very long ; cones nearly cyliiidrical, muricate, stipules pimiatitid, nmieutaceous, per- 

 tnanent." 



It was subsequently described under the same name by Walter, Michaux, the 

 elder, by Pursh and Nutall. In the North American Sylva, the Forest Trees of 

 iVorth America, by F. Andrew Michaux— Vol. III. p. 133, pi. 6— this species is 

 again described and figured under the name o[ Pinus Avstrahs. The whole de- 

 scription of the specific character, as well as the valuable properties of the Long- 

 Leafed Pine, isdeservmg of a careful perusal. 



In EUicott's Botany, Vol. II. p. 637, this species is again described with great ac- 

 •«:uracy. He restored the original name of Linna;us, viz., Pi^us Palustrts, al- 

 though it is inapplicable and somewhat unfortunate, as it is not found on low 

 marshy lands, but is almost invariablv confined to dry, sandy soils, where there 

 is a subsoil of clav. It abounds on ail the high, and consequently dry Pine bar- 

 ren lands of South Carolina, within 110 or 120 miles of the Ocean. In the moist 

 «r fertile lands, the subsoil Pine {Pnius Tada) is lound most abundant and at 

 some distance from the sea-coast ; the Pitch, or Virginia Pine [Pinus Rcgida) 

 takes its place. 



This species does not differ in any particular from that of North Carolina, 

 ■which has proved a source of so much profit to the inhabitants. It possesses the 

 same resinous properties, and viekls them in equal abundance. Tar and Resin 

 were formerly articles of exportation in South Carolina, although to a limned ex- 

 tent. Very recently several enterprising individuals have engaged in iliis busi- 

 •ness in South Carolina. We were afforded opportunities of inspcctiug the ar- 



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