CULTIVATION OF CORN AND COTTON. 35 



Bort of education, which would beget a habit of thinking, and a faculty for close and accurate 

 calculation. In this way is it that, eveiy ycai-, swanns continue to leave the parent hives in 

 the old Suites, without ever cheaining of the ti-uo causes and uiflueuces by whicli (hey were 

 prompted to \^'ing their way to distinit wild and unwholesome regions, &c. ' 



This uuist ever be the case wiiile education instructs m eveiy useless tuid fri^ olous thing, 

 rather than in what concei-ns the rights and the interests of landholders ; iuid while landholders 

 allow themselves to be taxetl for all sorts of schools and sun-eys and works, except such as shall 

 teach the rising generation to uicrease the products of the earth, and provide tlic means of 

 realizmg then* value hi the best niaikets, with the least possible deduction beuig made there- 

 from, for the support of ptu~dsitical classes and uiterests. 



We are reminded here of a statement wliich has just fidlen under our eye in a a woi-k just 

 received, and which so flu- proves veiy hiteresting, on the " ludustrj' of the Rhine." Tho 

 ye.u-ly wages on the Rliiiie ai"e, ibr men $25 to $35 per annum — women $20 to $25. The 

 autlior says, that from official documents, it appears that the consumption of meat in th«» 

 Prussian town-*, where a slaughtenng Uix is levied, and wliich aftbrds a test for calculation, 

 rose on an average iu the twelve yeius, from 1330 to 1842, fiom 78 5-8 lbs. per head, at 

 which it had stood for the twelve years precedmg, up to 83 5-8 lbs. per head — being a frac- 

 tion less tlum a tpiai-ter of a pound a day. Compare this with a Cleoi'gia planter, whose practice 

 may be considered as a fair average — Doctor W., with a family of fifty -two blacks and 

 eight whites, sixty all told, provides six thousand weight of j)ork and du-ee tliousaud of 

 beef; being jm average of 150 lbs, a year, or as nearly as may be double that which anun- 

 preijudiced inquirer sets down as the ascertained average consumption of the white popu- 

 lation of Prussia, one of the best governed counti-ies in Europe. 



There are many slaves on southern plantations, who make and sell more than the wa^-es of 

 the white laboring women in Em'ope. Is it then to be wondered at that many thousajids ar- 

 rive here weekly ? Who does not see that the number will be increased beyond calculation 

 us steam in its illimitable progress and influence shall diftase knowledge and cheapen trans- 

 portation ! But let us return to make the short statement of the produce of an ordhiaiy Rhen- 

 ish farm of two hundred acres. Be it remembered tliiit thefr cattle ;ue kept up tmd soiled 

 and that they trciisure vianurc, iis we ti'easure money, for the reason timt they know it is 

 money. 



" One horse to t%venty acres is tlie proportion of the best farmers ; but then fifteen to twenty- 

 five oxen and cows would be the suuillest number of homed cattle on one himdred acres, 

 with one or two liundred sheep. On a peasant's fann of fifty acres, we have found four 

 horses, fifteen head of honied cattle, tmd sevent)^ to eighty sheep," 



" In the present style of fannlnir, an estate of two hundred acres in the Dachv of Clevcs needs 

 ten men, and ten women or boys, as farm servants. We may assume that four horses, six oxen 

 fifteen cows, ten pigs, and one hundred sheep are kept. This stock will acquire on a close calcu'- 

 lation, ninety acres, together with the stubble turnips of thirty acres of wheat or rye. Thirty 

 acres of wood will give a .scanty supply of firing, wliich will nejd to be eked out with coals. Teoi 

 acres, yielding three hundred bu.«hels of rye. or of equivalents in potatoes and culinary ve^-eia- 

 bles, are devoted to grow food for the inmates. We have then seventy acres for market cropei 

 with (at Goch) the profit on the sale of milk, fat cattle, wool, clover-seed," linseed, the gain on the 

 brewery and distillery, as the revenue of the land-owner ; from which, however, wages, wear and 

 tear of house, offices, and implements, together with building alterations, must be deducted. 

 The land producing the market crops may therefore be estimated to yield as follows : 

 20 acres of potatoes .'")()()0 bushels, at Is. 6d. i;375 



20 " barley 6.50 " 2 6.5 



20 " wheat COO " 3 6 10.5 



10 " flax or rape . . , . 1 50 



20 " clover-seed 80 cwt at 4.5 180 



10 " hnseed 2.5 " 30 37 XO 



100 sheep, wool, at 5 lbs. .500 lbs 18 42 13 



Total £935 3 



Deduct interest on £2000 stock £100 



Wages 105 



Repairs of utensils, &c .50 



Fuel (coal-s), veterinary bill, ice 60 



310 



Total , £645 ? 



(83) 



