334 



MONTHLY JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE. 



Colony. It is a selection from ti larger list iii 

 the Penny Cyclopfcdia : 



" Citrus Aurantiiim. the Sweet Orange va- 

 rieties. 



"/,_The pcarsliapwl orange, with elliptical, 

 acute leaves, and great top-shaped Iruit, with a 

 deep yellow, smooth rind ; a rare and curious 

 sort, not known in the market; it ts one oj the 

 moH capable of resisting cold. 



u c— The orange of Nice, with ovate-acute 



M inch in length, the male exhibits six legs, wings, 

 and bristles on the abdomen. My microscope not 

 being achromatic, I cannot tell what its color is. 

 This male is seldom observed, from its diminutive 

 size, and when it is shown to people, appears so 

 very unlike the sc-cdy, torpid female, that lew per- 

 sons can be made to believe it to be the same insect. 

 Those females which are too small to be seen at all 

 by the naked eye, are seen to crawl slowly under 

 the magnifier. The smallest that can be seen at all, 

 appear of a reddish color.— But you solicited informa- 

 tion concerning its introduction here ; and I have 

 been detailing, I find, the result of my observation of 

 its appearance and habits. 



I will premise that the insect is not a native of 

 Europe, but was originally introduced there with 

 exotic plants, from warm climates, (the East Indies 

 or Chma.) h is now to be found in almost every 

 hot-house in Europe or America, introduced with 

 plants from one to the other. 



In 1S38, Robison, of Mandarin, on the St. John's, 

 introduced the insect there, on some Mandarin 

 (Chinese) orange trees which he received from 

 New-York. The insect excited little apprehension 

 at first. But in 1840 it had extended its ravages so 

 rapidly that Robison, in the autumn of this year de- 

 termined to top all his trees, in hope of thereby 

 an-esting its progress. But this had no elfect what- 

 ever.* 



No soil, no kind of manuring or attention to cul- 

 ture can anest it. Its ravages on St. John's, where 

 a sandy loam prevails, are as great as they are here, 

 ■v{\\sre s. calcareous sandy soil exists. No stonns or 



* From this beginning il has gradually .spread over 

 the greater part of Florida. 



leaves, and large, thick-skinned, rough, dark 

 yellow, round fruit. Tliis is considered one of 

 the finest of tlie whole genus, both in regard to 

 beauty, size, productiveness, and quality. It is 

 a good deal cultivated about the town whose 

 name it bears. 



" It. — The sweet-skinned orange, with broad, 

 taper-pointed leaves, roundi.sh, ratlier ovate, 

 heavy truit, and a deep yellow, smooth, thick, 

 swec"t. sort rind. This is the Pomme d'Adam, 

 or forbidden fruit of the shops of Paris. Its pulp 

 is subacid and pleasant, and as deep a yellow- 

 as the rind, which is soft and melting like the 

 Hesh of a clingstone peach; die acidity of the 

 pulp is agreeably mixed with sweetness, which 

 renders the iruit extremely pleasant. This is ' 

 vei-y ditfereut from tlie forbidden fruit of the 

 London shops, (which is the citrus decumana, 

 the shaddock.) 



"i, The Mandarin orange, with flattened, 



rough, deep-orange fruit, and a thin rind, which 

 separates spontaneously from th.e pulp. This 

 sort has been raised in China, where its fruit is 

 chiefly consumed in presents to the great ofiS- 

 eers of State, whence its name. It is now cul- 

 tivated in Malta, where it arrives at perfection. 

 Its singularity consists in the rind so completely 

 separating from the pulp when quite ripe, that 

 the latter may be shaken about in the inside. 

 In qnality this yields to no kiiotcn kind. There 

 are two subvarieties. 



" A.— The Saint Michael orange, with small, 

 round, pale-yellow, seedless fruit, having a thin 

 rind, and an'extremeiy sweet pulp. This, when 

 in a state of perfection, is perliaps the most de- 

 licious of all oranges, and it is by far the most 

 productive. Great quantities are imported 

 from the Azores, where it appears to be excla- 

 sivelv cultivated as an object of trade. It is 

 said 'that -20.000 of these oranges have been 

 packed from a single tree, exclusively of the 

 larije quantity which were blown down or re- 

 jected as unfit for sale." 



seasons seem to arrest its progress, until all the or- 

 ange trees are destroyed, The same insect in lots 

 where it has destroyed all the orange tiees, has 

 betaken itself to the English Joy and prickly ash. 



I have scarcely room left to express myself, re- 

 niectfully, but devotedly and sincerely, j-ours, 



J. FORMAN. 



Hon. D. L. Yrr.EE. 



A PICKLE FOR ONE HUNDRED POUNDS OF ^^^^'"^-^^[Zl'S^i-^^^lJ^ 

 finguished RicHAKU Stockton of Nr,r-Jersey.J-Yu-.i put 5?"^ ^"T,^^^^"/ !-"J" ^^ ".j;^^^^^^ 

 drain out the blood ; then hang it up 34 hours to dry Dissolve ;nG gal nsot^^ arm vva^^ 

 salt so as to make the brine bear an egg; add 3 ot a pound ot saltpetu , ~ ' »rts o " "'"^^^,' " 

 ounces of cayenne pepper, 1 ounce of pearl ash-di.ssolved in warm water ; un la 1 ^ ;>">«« aU 

 Z impurities ; theii \>ln in the beef In this pickle, and in 4 or 5 days it will ^^ "^^^^^f ^^J 

 continue so until April-after which, boil over the hquor ; skim it after jou ha%e adUed some 

 more salt, sugar, &e. , , <• t .« 



Some time ago I was at Marslifiehl, an.l better salt pork, or better salt beef. I never ate 

 The distinguished fanner of that place-as dlstingnished timong his neighbors for his knowl- 

 edge in Agrictiltnre as he is h, the cottntiy for his legal Uilent.-t«ld me that the pickle of 

 the fine salt beef and pork I was then eating was CO years ol.l-lhat is. some of the pukleot 

 his harness cask was upward of fiO years old-as it hud been in u.e in the Thomas fanuly. 

 from whom he purclnvsed a p;u't of his estate, (reguhvr descendants from the May ]■ lower,) ce^ 

 fcmdv for that period of time, that spring .u.d fall they boile.l ,uul skimmed the hquor, and 

 retained it for use. Tiiis piekle was not very dilVerent from Uie above, only no pepper, and 



•wood ashes iiislcad of pearl ashes. 



(C70) 



