441 



MONTHLY JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE. 



far the theory is borne out. Should this fall under the eye of Mr. Phinney, we 

 take leave to ask tlie favor of him to apply the t-igns to tlie imported and other 

 cows, when convenient. The book is in great demand in the Eastern States. 



And now, having got through with the Essex Premium Cows, and shown to 

 our southern friends " what they are like," we proceed to tlie Report 



On the Dairy. — Premiums were awarded for 1st, 2d and 3d best June butter, 

 and same for September butter. As the reader maybe curious to know the pro- 

 cess and the quantity, we will give the statements of the two gentlemen who 

 took the first prize in each case. Although other processes may be as good, it 

 is fair to presume those to be at least equal to the best, who, following them, 

 took the highest premium, for quality and quantity combined. Thus, as to the 

 June butter, we give George W. Dodge's statement : 



GEORGE W. DODGE'S STATEMENT. 



I present for your inspection one box of 

 June butter, conUiiuing 25 lbs., being a spe- 

 cimen of 132 lbs. made between the 1st of 

 June and the 9th of July, from .5 cows ; also, 

 2 boxes of September butter, containing 27 

 lbs., being a specimen of 405 lbs. made be- 

 tween the 20th of May and the 20th of Sep- 

 tember, from the same cows. > Theii- feed has 

 been common pasture until August; since 

 then, the pasture being very poor and diy, 

 we have fed them night and morning witli 

 green corn fodder, which was raised lor the 

 purpose. 



Process of Making. — The milk is strained 

 into tin pans, where it stands from 36 to 48 

 hours. It is then skimmed and the cream 

 pat into till pails, standing on the bottom of 



For the September butter the first premium was awarded to Warren Averill, 

 Esq. It will be observed that in one case the buttermilk is worked out by hand, 

 and in the other tvashed out with water, so that this long mooted point is yet in 

 abeyance : 



the cellar ; a little salt is put into the pails 

 before putting in the cream, which, at the 

 times of addition, is stirred. We chum twice 

 a week. The buttermilk is thoroughly 

 worked out by hand, no water being used 

 for that purpose. In warm weather, the 

 cream is lowered into the well the night be- 

 fore cliurning. Immediately after tiie butter- 

 milk is worked out, the butter is salted with 

 an ounce of giound rock-salt to the pound, 

 and in about 24 hours it is again worked 

 over. 



N. B. The June butter is packed down in 

 layers of five pounds each, and salt sprinkled 

 between ; the top is covered with s;ilt, and 

 the pot is set on the bottom of the cellai'. 



Wenham, Sept. 24, 1845. 



WARREN AVERILL'S STATEMENT. 



I offer for your inspection one pot and box 

 of September butter, containing 32 lbs., be- 

 ing a specimen of 211 lbs. 2 o/. made from 

 one cow since the 20th day of May until the 

 20th day of September, inclusive. 



Process of Making. — The milk is sti-ained 

 into tin pans, and stands from 24 to 3G hours 

 in a cellar, when the cream is taken off and 

 p\it into a tin pail. We cliurn, the first part 

 of the season, <mce in four days ; tlio latter 

 part, once a week. The cream is brought 

 from the cellar in the morning, and sti-ained 

 tlirough a cloth into the chum. After it is 

 churned, (whirh hxs taken, on an average, 

 Bcven minutes,) the butter is taken out of 

 the churn, put into an e;nthen pan, ;uul water 

 put with it. This is lepeattxl until the butter- 



milk is thoroughly rinsed from the butter, so 

 that there is scarcely any color in the water. 

 The butter is then worked over. Then it is 

 put into an earthen pan, and sjilted with one 

 ounce of salt to a pound of butter. It is then 

 worked over again thoroughly, piece by 

 piece, tlien made into balls and put into the 

 cellar, fit for market. 



I keep two cows. Flora and Kendall. — 

 Flora I keep ibr butter ; Kendall I keep for 

 milk to sell, and use in the family. Flora 

 has made 211 lbs. 2 oz. of butter since the 

 20th day of May to the 20th day of Septem- 

 ber, inclusive. 



Ipswich, Sept. 21, 18)5. 



K<ife. — The manner of keeping the above 

 cow and her jneld of uiilk are given in a pre- 

 ceding statement. 



Among other branches that remain to be touched upon to show what is deemed 

 the right thing in New-England, we shall have to present from this Abstract no- 

 tices of Meadow and Swamp Lands — Premium Farms — Fruit Trees — Lime — 

 Fences, and Vegetables. 



(924) 



