THE FARMERS' REGISTER. 



243 



and lasts for a long time ; it bears every year, but 

 has its fall and scanty years of bearing. 



Yellow bdlflower. — At a little distance (rom this 

 apple, it has the appearance in size, (brm and 

 color of the common quince of our country. It is 

 an excellent apple to eat, or to cook ; the flesh is 

 rich, juicy and tender. It bears every year, and its 

 one of the most productive apples of our country. 

 The tree grows large and spreading, with pale 

 leaves and hanging boughs. There is another 

 apple, that should not be mistaken for this— the 

 monstrous bellflovver, a worthless apple, with fruit 

 in appearance resembling the yellow bellflovver. 

 The difference in the growth of the trees is easily 

 told; the moEstrousbellflower has upright limbs, 

 with very large foliage of a deep green. Some 

 varieties of apples seem adapted to particular 

 localities, whilst others seem to retain their ex- 

 cellence over a much greater extent of coun'ry : 

 this appears to be the case with the yellow bell- 

 flower. It is represented by Coxe as "the most 

 popular apple in the Philadelphia market ;" and 

 in the New American Gardener, published at 

 Boston, a writer says, "This apple we can 

 decidedly recommend from twenty years trial ; it is 

 a great bearer." But I do not think it as large here 

 or as fine as I have seen it to the north ; probably 

 it would not do to cultivate much liarther south. 

 This apple is considered a native of New Jersey. 



Carthouse. — This 1 prefer as a winter apple 

 to any other I have ever had under cultivation ; it 

 is an excellent apple, very productive, and bears 

 every year. The following is .Coxe's description 

 of it : "This apple is said to have been brought 

 from Virginia ; it obtained its name from a family 

 in the Delaware stale. It is highly esteemed for 

 its exceiience as a table apple late in the spring, 

 and as a good cider fi-uit. It is a most abundant 

 bearer, and hangs on the tree very late in the 

 season. The tree is hardy, of a handsome, open, 

 spreading and vigorous growth. The fruit is small, 

 the color a deep red, sometimes a little streaked 

 with yellow ; the skin of a polished smoothness ; 

 the form inclining to an oblong; the flesh is very 

 firm, yellow, and rich, not fit for eating until 

 mid-winter, when it becomes juicy, tender, and 

 finely flavored." Coxe says this apple is small, 

 but the cut he gives is over the common size 

 with us ; it may be said to be an apple of the com- 

 mon size, except when the trees are over full. 

 The Carthouse, when gathered with us, are put 

 in barrels or boxes in the cellar without any thing 

 with them ; in this way they keep until they are 

 used. A cool dry cellar is the best place to keep 

 apples, in fiict they cannot well be kept any where 

 else, without soon becoming dry and tough. I 

 have read much that has been published on fruits, 

 and I have taken much interest in this matter, 

 and having frequently to pass from here to Mis- 

 sissippi, by the way of Baltimore, Cincinnati and 

 Louisville, I have frequently gone to market, and 

 to the fruit shops to examine the fruits, and from 

 what I have seen, and trials I have made with 

 many varieties, 1 have come to the conclusion, that 

 were I to cultivate only three varieties of apples 

 in this part of the country, I should cultivate the 

 summer pearmain, yellow bellflower, and the Car'- 

 house. These three varieties would give a suc- 

 cession of fine fruit from some time in August, 

 until the ensuing spring, and would be more apt to 

 bear annually than most other varieties. To per- 1 



eons wishing to cultivate a greater variety of ap- 

 ples than I Imve named, and who may be inex- 

 perienced in such matters, I would recommend the 

 following varieties for trial : red June-eating, sum- 

 uier green, Roane's crab, wine apple, James river, 

 black coal, and Gravestein. Red June-eating is 

 said to be a fine early apple; with me it has not 

 yet borne. 



Summer queen. — This is represented by Coxe 

 and others as very fine. 1 was under the impres- 

 sion, lor some years, this variety was in my or- 

 chard, but it proved otherwise. I have since ob- 

 tained a tree from the north for this variety, but 

 as yet it has not borne. It is said to be a large 

 apple, yellow color, with stripes and clouds of red, 

 and " equally suited for eating and stewing." 



Roane's crab.— CoxG stales this apple to be a 

 native of this state ; that it originated on. the farm 

 of an individual whose name its bears, fle says 

 " it is an early and a great bearer every second 

 year; the apple is small," " the form is round, the 

 stalk thin, the skin yellow, with a small portion 

 of russet about the stem, and spots of red scatter- 

 ed over it." "The liquor is remarkably strong, 

 of a sirupy consistence when first made, but be- 

 coming singularly bright by proper fermentation 

 and racking. It will keep perfectly sweet in casks 

 well bunged, and placed in a cool cellar, through 

 our summer months." I have frequently eaten 

 this apple ; it is only tolerable. Many years past 

 I occasionally had a chance of drinking some of 

 the cider; I thought it the best I had ever tasted. 

 Persons wishing to raise cider of a superior quali- 

 ty should give this apple a trial. 



fVine apple. — This is a very fine fall and win- 

 ter fi-uit, and has succeeded in this neighborhood 

 very well. The fruit is large, form flat, color red, 

 streaked and spotted with small portions of yel- 

 low; the stalk end frequently of a russet color. 

 The tree grows large, leaves small. This kind 

 should not be mistaken for the winesap. 



James river. — I know nothing of this variety ; 

 but I have seen it highly recommended as a win- 

 ter apple. 



Black coal. — A large red winter apple ; this 

 with me has not yet borne. 



Gravestein. — A small winter apple. The two 

 last varieties named, were introduced into this 

 country a few years past, and are represented as ve- 

 ry fine north of us; but experience must prove xvhe- 

 Iher they are adapted to our part of the country. 



Pears. — In early life I have purchased many 

 varieties of pear trees, from the finest northern 

 nurseries. I was then under the impression, it^ 

 was like writing to a neighbor for a bushel of 

 corn or wheat — what was written for would be re- 

 ceived ; but in this I was greatly mistaken. But 

 lor this, I could say much more on pears than I 

 now can say. From what I have seen, and from 

 what has been published, I should consider the 

 following varieties the finest : green chisel, or Ma- 

 deline, early Catherine and English Gargonelle, 

 or summer bell. These are said to ripen before the 

 peach. Seckle, a summer pear; yellow butter or 

 St. Michael, a liill pear; Echasserie, a winter pear. 



Green chisel, or Madeline. — 1 raised four trees 

 of this variety, which bore with me for several 

 years, but the blight which is so destructive to 

 the pear trees of our country killed them all. This 

 variety of the pear, I think, will not succeed well 

 as far south as this. 



