312 



THE FARMERS' REGISTER. 



no damage occurs ; but when the eun breaks out 

 warm, the injury is greatest ; and the most so, 

 where the trees are most exposed to his rays. 

 For this reason, a hill or a wood on the east side, 

 may j^rove very beneficial. 



A northern aspect would ^o far towards insur- 

 ing regular crops oC the peach, nectarine, apricot, 

 iC protected from the sun and warm winds by 

 a belt o(" evergreens. On sandy soils especially, 

 the reflected heat is often sufficient, in autumn or 

 winter, lo start the buds ; and snow and ice have 

 been successlully* heaped round the trees to pre- 

 vent this disaster ; but a northern aspect would 

 probably render such labor unnecessary. 



Dry firm ground should be chosen, preferring 

 a sandy or gravelly loam, though clay will do 

 with good culture. Wet, peaty, or spongy soils 

 are apt to be frosty ; lor the radiation of heat is 

 much greater than from firmer laud. 



Four orders of arranging or planting trees have 

 heen employed, which the annexed figures exhi- 

 bit, all drawn by the same scale ; and the dis- 

 tance between the nearest points (or trees) is in- 

 tended for one rod. One hundred of these are 

 represented in two o( the figures ; but in the 

 quincunx, owing to the vacancies in the sides, 

 only nineiy-eight are given, while in fig. 3 there 

 is a surplus, although some vacancies also occur 

 at the sides. 



The first order requires less calculation, and is 

 more generally in use than any other ; but in 

 laying out the ground, the boundaries should 

 be first accurately determined ; and the lines may 

 then be drawn across it with precision. No less 

 care and attention in this respect, however, would 

 be required by the other orders. 



The quincunx fig. 2, is only a series ofsquares 

 laid off' diagonally ; and we cannot perceive any 

 advantage that it has over the common square, 

 though it was formerly much in fashion.* 



* We caused an apple tree to bloom a fortnight 

 later than the rest of the orchard, by piling wood 

 round it. 



* Pope said of Lord Peterborough, 



" Even he whose lightnings pierced the Iberian lines, 

 Now forms my quincdnx, and now ranks my vines." 



Fn the third order, each tree •(except at the 

 sides; is surrounded by six others, all at equal 



