THE FARMEHS' REGISTER. 



393 



rye Saint Jean, ihe common rye and the late i pendent heads, like the J7t7/ef des oiSfawx (/'ani- 

 wheais. i cum mUiaceum') and the common oal ; whilst the 



Millet (i grappe, Panicum Italicum, and Millet \ pcit^eejoeaitire has an erect and Hat head, the u;rairis 

 commun, Panicum Miliaceum. The culiure and ' o: which iiF • placfd in two rows, like ihe barley, 

 use ol these two pams are very similar. Neither j Sarrasin, Blenuir, Baralin, Bucail, Buckwheat, 

 ol' them is much cultivated a^ lood lor man ex- PoHgunumfagopyrum. liuckvvheai is generally 

 cept in the middle ol Europe. They require a resource lor jjuor countries and sandy lands that 

 good land, raiher liiiht than siilf, and well worked j are cold and inditlerent, It oiiers advantages 

 and manured. Tliey sow them t)roadcasl, thin, i aluo which might cause it to be used with profit 

 and rather late, that is, afier the first Irosts. It le i ofi soils ol a better nature, lis irrain is very abun- 

 weli to work and weed ihem. They can lurnish | dant, and, as is known, serves as lood lor man, but 



a good green lood if thickly sown. I have seen 

 the last used thus. 'l"he straw also, particularly 

 that of tlie laiier, is an excellent lood lor beeves. 

 Moha da Hongrie, Panicum germanicum. Ano- 

 ther plant of the same liimily, which has been lor 

 some time introduced into France and cultivated 

 about JVletz, under the name of moAa, which it 

 bore in Hungary. Its benefits have been set 

 (brih, in a notice published in the agricultural 

 journals, vvitl; a little enthusiasm. Although I 



still better lor loads and pigeons ; it is excellent 

 to latten hogs on, and to I'eed horses, while its flovv- 

 ets lurnish an abundant pasture to bees. This 

 plant turned in when in flower is esteemed by 

 fiiany practical men as one ol' the best ol the 

 ameliorating vegetables. The vegetation of the 

 buckwheat is also very rapid, and it may be sown 

 iaie, thus ollering a valuable resource as an aux- 

 iliary harvest. They generally sow it broadcast; 

 but when the land is ver}' moist they throw it up 



put faith in these results as announced in these ; into beds, because it suffers from humidity; it 

 writings, yet I must say that I have never derived dreads sliil more the late frosis, and it is necessary 

 such advantage. Since 1820 I have cultivated ] that it should not besown until the season for them 

 the moha, given me by M. de Borda. Cunipa- ; is past, 'i'hey use a half hectolitre ot seed to the 

 rative experiments with the millet a grappe hava | hectare when it is sown lor a crop of grain, and 

 convinced me that ii is superior to that as (bra<^e, j an entire hectolitre, when it is to be turned under, 

 on account of the greater number of smaller j The ashes of the staiks contain much potash, 

 stalks ; but 1 have obtained it vigorous and abun- j This plant flowering lor a long time, its first grains 

 dant but once, then u()on a leriile sand, (resh and i liiU before the last are matured, they are therelore 

 well manured. Large crops sown on chalky land j oblii;ed to choose a mean lime between them lor 

 of good quality have turned out but poorly. It jlhe harvest, 

 is then, it I do not deceive myself^ only on very ! Le Sarrasin de Tariarle, Polygonum tataricum, 



good bottom land that this j)lant can be consider- 

 ed a valuable resource as foraue. in respect to 

 the utility of its grain, 1 ihink (hat it may be 

 classed with the miliet a grappe. I would ad- 

 vise the amateurs who wisn lo try the moha to 

 sow it comparatively with this plant, and to 

 establish between them a parallel which would 

 turn to the advantage ol the practical farmer. 



JRiz de Carro, or Riz sec de la Chine, Oriza 

 saliva mutica. — Among the numerous varieties 

 of rice cuhi vaied in India and in certain pans ol 

 America, there are some which when sown in 

 Ihe rainy seasons succeed by the aid o!' that cir- 

 cumstance on elevaied ground and without the 

 help of inundation. These are called dry or 

 mountain rice. The attempt to naturalize iheni 

 has been Irequenily made in Europe, but more 

 especially in t'iedmont, where ihe unhealthines.- 

 of the inundaied rice fields destroyed a large por- 

 tion of the inhabitants of certain villages. These 

 attempts have always been unsuccesslul. The 

 riz de Carro, a forward and inieresting variety, 

 alone gave some hopes of success, which hDwevcr 

 have not as yet been realized. Nevertheless, the 

 ai^ricultural journals have frequently announced 

 the entire success and complete harvest obtained 

 from the culture of this rice in many of our de- 

 partments. It is necessary to inform the amateurs 

 in the culture of rare plants that these announce- 

 ments were lounded on a mistake in the species of 

 plant. I have received many samples of this 

 supposed dry rice, and they have unildrmly proved 

 to tie {he petite epeautre {Triticum monncocum) 

 which IS now called Engrain or Aingrain and 

 cultivated as a resource on poor lands in parts of 

 Berri. 



To warn farmers against the mistake here re- 

 counted, it suffices that the true rices all have 

 Vol. X.-50 



the grain of which is mierior in (jualiiy, is more 

 hardy and less susceptible of coid ; the plant is 

 larger, mote blanching and mere productive in 

 grain. It succeeds well in very inoifiereiit lands, 

 panicularly in tho-e of So'oizne ; ii may be sown 

 either earlier or later than the common variety, 

 and recjuires less seed. The buck a heat cut green 

 has lieen memloned in many woiks as a good 

 lorage, and i have ciicd it as such in many editions 

 of the Bon Jardinier. Allhouah this use of it is 

 not uncommon, and I mysell' have more than once 

 led it to my beeves and cows wiihout perceiving 

 any bad effect ; yet it appears that we should dis- 

 trust this lood, lor many observations have shown 

 tliar if given abundantly, either in the stable or 

 in the pasture, it will pioduce vertigo and other 

 fieiious diseases. This effect has taken place in 

 horned cattle and sheep. It has been lecenliy 

 reaffirmed in respect to the latter by M. Vuilry 

 of Sens. 



Seigle de Mars, Spring rye, Sccale cereale ver- 

 num, has a straw finer and not so tall as the 

 autumn rye ; its grain is smaller, but heavy and of 

 an excellent quality. Its culture has been much 

 extended in the last i'ew years. As its name in- 

 dicates, ihey sow it in March. I have obtained 

 from Germany a vaneiy taller and with longer 

 heads and rather later than that of France. 



Seigle du nord is a variety of the autumn rye 

 which is disiin();uished by the length ot its straw 

 and its heads, its grain is shorter and smaller, it 

 is later and sends lorih more shoots. In Saxony 

 I hey sow it about St. John's day (from wh' 'i 

 circumstance it takes the name of Seigle de la k. 

 Jean,) and cultivate it at once (or lorage and 

 grain. They cut it as green food in the autumn, 

 or make pasture of it until the end of winter, and 

 in the ensuing summer they reap it for the grain. 



