314 



CALCAREOUS MANURES— CONTENTS. 



Chapter IX. — /Action of caustic lime as manure. Classification of manures. 



Davy's theory of liming stated, 64. Applied to practice, 65. Action injurious on'soils generally,'65. 

 Plan of classification of manures, 66. 



PART SECOND— PRACTICE. 



Chapter I. — Jniroductory and general observations on viarl and lime. 



Fossil sliells, or marl, so called improperly, 67. Improper use of the term " marl" in England, 68. Lime 

 is, in fact, generally the carbonate in operation, 69. Oldest tiials of marl in Virginia, TO. Preliminary 

 remarlis on experiments, 70 



Chapter II. — Effects of calcareous manures on acid soils recently cleared. 



Experiments stated, and the first and subsequent results on light loam, newly brought under cultiva- 

 tion, 71 to 77. 



Chapter III. — Effects of calcareous manures on odd clay soils, recently cleared. 



Description of the worst known class of clay soils, 77. Remarkable effects of marling on such, on clover 

 and grain, 78 to 81. 



Chapter IV. — The effects of calcareous manures on acid soils reduced by cultivation. 



Marling always effeclive on such soils, 82. Causes of disappointment and loss, 82. Experiments show- 

 ing best and worst results, the evil in lieavy marling and the remedy, 82 to 83. 



Chapter V. — Effects of calcareous manures on ''free light land." 



Peculiar character of this land, 89. Efliects of marl thereon, 89. Analysis of the soil, 90. 



Chapter VI. — Effects of calcareous manures on exhausted acid soils under their 

 second groxoth of pines. 



Experiments showing remarkable benefits from marling land in this state 90 



Chapter VII. — Effects of calcareous manures alone, or with gypsum, on neutral 



soils. 



Experiments difiicult to conduct, and unsatisfactory, 92. Gypseous {eocoie) marl described 93. Expe. 

 rimenls and their results, 93. 



Chapter VIII. — Digression to the theory of the action of gypsum as manure. 

 Supposed cause of its want of effect on acid soils. 



Gypsum of no effect on acid soils 95. When operative, on neutral and calcareous soils 95. Generally 

 operative on acid soils after marling 96. Reasons for these results 97. Illustrations 98. 



Chapter IX. — The damage caused by too heavy dressings of calcareous manure, and 



the remedy. 



The disease caused by over-marling described, 100. How prevented or removed 101. The mere quan- 

 tity of calcareous earth not the cause of this disease, 102. 



Chapter X. — Recapitulation of the effects of calcareous manures, and directions 

 for their most profitable use. 



Results of practice generally sustain the theory of the action of calcareous manures, 103. Less effica- 

 cious above the Tails of the rivers, and more so on " mulatto land" than the theory would indicate, 



104. Eflect in fixing putrescent manures, 105. Less benefit on most exhausted and ''galled" land, 



105. Effects of marl in resisting the washing by rains, and in curing galls, 106. Benefits lessened by 

 exhausting tillage, 106. Litiht dressings preferable, 107. Marling oV wood-lands, 107— on "free liaht 

 land," 108. Soils deepened by marling, and the mode, 109. Sandy sub-soils not objectionable, 109. 

 Peculiar benefits of marl on certain plants— and especially on clover, ll(i. Eradication of sorrel and 

 other acid plants, 111. 



Chapter XI. — Recapitulation of effects and directions for practice continued. 



Directions for improving by marling, 112. Prohibiting grazing, 112, The four-shift rotation suitable, 113. 



