30 



NEW ENGLAND FaIIMER. 



[Anaiist 10, 



prove the present stock of flieep, in importingl 

 those of foreign growth and mixing them with 

 the n.itjve stnrlt. rnnviiice us that a protilable 

 compens.ilirn is i iijiiyeil b)- liio=e »vho have di- 

 rected their iillenlioii lo the culture of wool. 



Tliere is no pail of the United Slates, per- 

 haps, that is so well adapted to the proiliiction 

 of this article as New England. Sheep will ever 

 thrive best in ii mountainous country. The 

 fertile, though rocky lulls of Vermont and N. 

 Hampshire, aflord a nutriment more appropri- 

 ate and better suited In sheej), than that which 

 is found on the rich and productive hanks ol ei- 

 ther tiie Connecticut or the Mohawk. The 

 warm and sunny hills nf these districts, loo ab- 

 rupt and broken lor the safety of cattle, are ac- 

 ceptable only to llie bold and venturesome <ilieei>. 

 Here it is thai this abundanl source of public and 

 individual wealth will lie round to flourish best. 



What hales, what wf-altli. what indu'try, what eccts, 

 Lo, from the siinj'le fleece how much proceeds ! 



A'at. JEgis. 



OOIMCZMnrNXCATZONS. 



TO THF. EPITOR OF THF. NEW F,N0L.4KD F.iRMER. 



County of A'otfolk, .lug. 15, 1C25. 

 Mr Ff.ssenden. — In your paper of last week. 



name of the " Spanish Good Christian"; and 

 the pound pear under the name of some of the 

 delicate autumn fruits. 



Afier waiting several years, it is not onlv a 

 morliljcalion, but a decided injury to have grafts 

 turn out the same (Vuit of which ynur trees had, 

 perhaps, been deprived lo insert what you had 

 supposed lo be a new variety. 



1 mention this, because the fact has taken 

 place more than once in this neiffbbourhond, 

 and because it tends to show the importance, so 

 far as the cultivation of good fruit goes, to have 

 fruits given nr circulated under correct names. 



It is true that this negligence or inattention is 

 not confined In this cnuiiliy. In England several 

 fruits have excbancfed names, as may be seen in 

 Ihe catalogues of Professor Martyn, anil others 

 acquainted with the subject. 



The " Pear d'Auch"' of Forsvth, vp think, is 

 nothing more than the " WinlerGood Christian" j 

 of.\usch. I 



In France the old varieties of pears are per- j 

 haps belter underslond and better known than > 

 anywhere else, because most of them lake their i 

 names from French towns or French men whoi 

 first raised them. j 



Great mistakes are involved by loss of tallies ; 



inattention when we deliver out scions; trust-! 



in? lo t!ie reports of others ; and a variety of; 



infoimation is asked respecting a pear which lo,i,pp cau«es. against which we do not or cannot 

 the author calls the '' tonf; tailed Muscat nf Jiu- '■ g,„„r,| ;_but by care we may do a ereat deal ' 

 tumn" bv which he means I presume the long ion.;,rds correcting Ihe evil, "and in time a prelly 

 stalked Muscat. t--l doubt i( there be any fruits J^ood general understnndin? mav he h i<l on thi"s 

 by that name— but there is a .Muscat pear with j s„bjpct.— 1 doubt exreedinclv if the Gentleman 1 

 a veiy long stalk, called the Muscat Jlairi,—\h<i \ ^ho has offered lo the public a new varielv of; 

 stalk IS nearly twice the li-ngib of the fruit— ! j,p„r,. jn your last paper, would be willing to i 

 whether it be in Ibis co-T.(ry or not 1 cannot j vo„o.b (>^r the correctness of altlhe namc^ under j 

 say, but I should not ihiiik it worth cultivating | „ hjrh ho will dolivrr Ihem out; and as ihey ' 

 '■ '' '"• I are new varieties which he ha' probably never 



This enquiry has suggested som" observations j,ppn or tasfed, he can hardlv speak of ibeir 

 on t!ie names ol Iruils which, if you have any j ,,„„;,V,,. however well he may be disposed to do 

 spare room in your paper and think them worth n H<>, \\\^p others, is also liable to make mis- 



notice, vou mav insert. 



Many people think it is of no cnnseqiience 



takes in transferring scions, and in lallyinsf them 

 alter ihev are set, — lo say nothinsr of Ihe mis- 



whether the name of fruits be correctly given or I (;,|jps that may have taken place with those 

 not. A peach, Ihey say, by any other name, from whom he"received them. 

 would taste as sweet ; this is true, and to thi; in- If some of your correspondents would point 

 dividual who is ealiug the fruit it is of no mo- n„f „ mode bv which Ihe correct names nf fruits 

 ment, provided ho be nnl a cultivator of fruits. g„„|,| be pretty generally (MTmsp,!. liioy would 

 Bull api-rehend (to stale a ^Irong case) than render a service to all Hi:»RTICL'Ll'LKlSTS. 



a fine '• B.dle de Vilry" "(ii-oss,. Misrnonne,"' ! 



sent abroad under Ihe name of Ihe " Virginia ' 

 Crab" woulil soon make some confusion in gar- 

 dens, carried on by peoi)le iirnorant of those 

 triiils. And even Ihosp who are most i:idi(Tpr- 

 ent aliniil names would soon r(>gret that all the 

 flue peaches bad become cribs. To the culti- 

 vator it is of importance to set correct names^ 

 as he may olherwise run himself iiiio consuler- 

 alile expense, afiil incur much labor and the loss 

 of several years to culiivatc! a fruit, nliicb he 

 thinks excellciil, but which v\hen brought lo 

 maliiiity proves goo<l for noihiii<r, because it was 

 given lo biiii under a wrong n imp. Without 

 dprogiliou lo ihe merits and valuable servic 



TO THE EDITOR OF THE. NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



QUERY. 



Concord, .higust 13, 1825. 



Mr Fessenden, — By means of your paper, I 

 would inquire of its numerous readers and cor- 

 respondents whether iron jcrcES have ever been 

 used t'ov pressing cider pomace, and with what 

 success? — whether large screws are made of cast 

 iron ? if so, where ami at what price? — as well 

 tis the cost of wrougbl-iron sufiicient (bra cider 

 mill ? 



Whoever can and will give the informalion 



of our nursery men, it is to be regretted that '"''I'"-'.""''' **'" "'''^Se i't least one and perhaps 

 so lillle allennon is paid In the subject. St Mi- '"""^ farmers. A Farmer of Concord. 



cbael pear trees, for instance, are sent here un- 

 der the name of" Vergouleiise" ; (which name 

 Ihey universally bear in New York). The com- 

 mon wild Iron Pear of our orchards, under the 



t Qu'«c. when applied to fr'iits means j/a/A and not 

 'ail, as maii-y of the catalogues have it. 



TO THE FDITCR OF THE NEVy ENGLAND FARMER. 



OJV RAISING CALVES. 

 Mr FissENoEN. — Having been In the constant 

 habit of raisin^j Cahes for many years, and oh- 

 sei yiog so luanj- ijuack methods proposed, I am 



induced to offer the two methods, which I have 

 pursued, and which the condition of the coun- 

 try as to labor and otherwise makes far prefer- 

 able to any that have been, or probably can be 

 offered. 



I have known many ilwindle and some fail 

 that have been led on the Diets proposed, snch 

 ns Hay Tea, Flax Seed Tea, &c. &.c. Milk is 

 the natural food for th^ animal, and is. in the 

 mode proposed as cheap as any other, when Ihe 

 convenience of all things is taken into consid- 

 eration. Even in the neighborhood ol ihiscitv, 

 milk sells nt 2i cents a quart to Ihe retailer.-^ 

 The skimmed at half price is IJ ; when made 

 into cheese it falls very far short of 1 cent, it 

 is to be supposed. The getting up substitutes 

 must therefore be worse than useless; especial- 

 ly when the perfect safeness of this mode is 

 considered. Rut to return to ihe methods, they 

 are two : First, if you have dislant pastures 

 which you wish to use. and cows that give lit- 

 tle milk, or that you wish to fat in the fall and 

 winter, Ihe calf miiy be taken from the mother 

 and put to suck at about a week old. which will 

 occasion little re|)ining, and it requires that time 

 for the cow's bag to be in order for the pail. — 

 In a very few days the cow will become tbnd of 

 Ihe calf and allow it to suck when at large. — 

 At first she will resist, and mu^t be held, or tied 

 up. But in the end, though it may take some 

 days, and |)ut your patience lo trial, the ulti- 

 mate atlarbment between the animals never 

 faiN to be excited; 



Where a cow gives a large mess of milk, two 

 calves are sometimes put to her and reared in 

 tolerably fair condition. 



The Second and more prevailing method is 

 to take thp calf o(T tor the reasons belbremen- 

 lioned at about one week old, it will then, in 

 the manner common to farmers take to the pail 

 readily. For Ihe first two or three days take 

 new milk, say 3 or 4 pints nisr!.! and morning, 

 and with a \^ry little hue silled Indian meal, be- 

 ginning with a small spoon lull, and enlarging 

 gradually to a single handful. Make the milk 

 as warm as natural, and mix for a day or two 

 i skimmed milk, varying tor 4 or 5 days, until 

 vou come to skim milk and meal. No doubt the 

 meal miirht be scalded to adiantage, but the 

 mode proposed is easy, simple and suflicient. — 

 .\ profuse quantity of meal or a too sudden tran- 

 sition to skim milk would affect the boivels. — 

 The milk should be sweet loo. I'he making it 

 too hot is attended with danger. 



I have been induced to make this communi- 

 cation from observing this mode (rrerisely re- 

 commended in a modern English woik as the 

 very best one to which their practice has yield- 

 ed alter long experience. 



They take o(f the calf at 12 weeks, which is 

 loo short a iiuie with our more severe winters 

 by a month or more. They wean them by mix- 

 ing water more and more after that time, wild 

 ibe milk, which may be well, though not expe- 

 rienced by me. 1 am sir, yuurs, W. 



THR NEW ENlil.AND FARMER. 



M.4PS*CflUSF,TTS AGRICULTUR.^L COLI.F.GK. 

 Mr Fe.'sf.ndf.n, — .\s Ihe object of your pa- 

 per is to dilTtise useful and virloous knowledge ; 

 ,-ind as its columns instead of being filled up with 

 parly disquisiiions, are devoted entirely to ihe 

 interest aod happiness of the Farmer, the Me- 



