1825.] 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



wants relieved by such a happy occurrence, 

 but it would stimulate them to a further exten- 

 sion ot' their indusiry. 



The machine consists of one h'undred pairs of 

 indented or fluted rollers tlrom 2 lo 8 t'eet long, 

 (nccordinn; to the size of (he machine wanted,) 

 said rollers are from 2 to 8 inches in diameter 

 and placed in a circular form, 'iperated by one 

 large wheel jjlaying into the same, revolving 



fluted rollers from 90 (o 100 revolutions in Ihn 

 same space of time. . A machine of the large 

 sizii will break 4i tons of unrottcd straw, or 

 straw hemp in twelve honrs, which will proiluce 

 three thousand pouads ofcli'an iibre, f.u' superi- 

 or in color, beauty an<l strength, to the best Rus- 

 sian dressed hemp The rope-mrkers of l^e 

 neighbourhood ha» e made ropes from each kind, 

 and fried their strength by bringing weights to 

 them until they broke to p:e',es, and on exam- 

 ining the weights, they found the uarotted hemp 

 rope 20 per cent stronger th.^n the Ruaian. The 

 planter will not only be benefited bv tin-- pxtra- 



IMPROVED SHORT HORNS. 

 As a proof of the early maturity, and quick 

 return of profit, of the Improved Short Horns, 

 the five Fat Steers and Heifers exhibited at Mr 

 Champion's annual Sale at Dlvfh, on the 7ih 

 insl. have been sold by him to Mr John Hatfield 

 of Southwell, for 33/. lOs. each; they are com- 

 puted to average 74 stone, of (14 lbs.); the price 

 being 9s. per stone, proves their superior quali 



two revolutions per minute, which operates the ty ;,nd ripeness, at two years and three mouths' 



average. It may be the opinion of some, that 

 these animals have been forced prematurely by 

 high keeping ; but we are assured, if is a fact 

 well known to several gentlemen, that they 

 have only been reared and fed in the usual man- 

 ner, and that in the early part of last summer 

 they were only in store condition. — Farmer's 

 Journal, 



GAS. 

 Sir W. Congreve, and other gentlemen, have 

 returned from a mission to the Continent, where 



ordinary machine, but the navy and commercial ! ";/{ '^"^ engaged in esfablishaig the business 

 ■ • - ■' of the Continental Gas Company. In G 



part of the community ; their ships must be 

 clothed as well as the Agriculturist and Maiiu- 

 factnrer; therefore the three great interests 

 should go hand in hand for tlie encouragement 

 of the growth of liiat important article of hemp 

 upon the American soil. 



Tkc production of one acre of hind of Unrolled 

 Dressed Ilcmn. 

 One acre of good land solved thick with 

 Hemp seed, say2|^ bu>hols pf^racrc if good 

 seed, said acre will produce tVom 3 to 4 tons 

 of stem, orstraw hemp; sav 3 tonsof stem 

 hemp ru!i through the machine will yield 

 1 ton o(' clean hemp worth in all our mark- 

 ets in the United States, . . . Sgn5,00 

 Tried and proved. 



KeniHckij Slalement of Dew-roUed Hemp per acre. 



One acre of good land will i)roduce from 

 o^ to 5 tons of stem hemp, say 3 tens ; the 3 

 tons after being dew-rotted sulFiciently for 

 the hand brake, will not weigh more than 

 2i tons ; here is a loss of 25 per cent, in 

 Ihe first process. The 45 hundreds remain- 

 ing will yield from 9 to 12 pounds the hun- 

 dred clean hemp, xshich is considered a crreat 

 crop, say 12 pounds, make 540 pounds clean 

 hemp, stained with deiv-rol, not worth in 

 market more than 90 to 100 dollars per ton, 

 say 100 dollars per ton, . . . 27,00 



Balance in favor of the unrotted dressed 



liemp through the Machine, . . . gl4S,00 



The foregoing statements are from actual es- 

 perimonisirted and proTJeJ, not only by a commit- 

 tee appointed by the Legislature of Ohio, to try 

 the experiment, but by many Gentlemen from 

 Kentucky and New-York, who have manifest- 

 ed their entire approbation, alter esperimental 

 knowledge, of the great merits of said machine ; 

 it is impossible for me lo express myself so ful- 

 ly, as the aforesaid committee and gentlemen 



mpany. in Uermany 

 Hanover, the Low Countries, and Holland, they 

 have, we understand, engaged for lighting the 

 most important towns. Thus it may be said, 

 that, ere long, the Continent will be enlivened 

 by the light of British genius. 



SALT MINES. 

 The Mines of Weilska, in Poland, are most 

 interesting. The imagination is confounded at 

 the idea, of finding, after a decent of 850 steps, 

 va«t halls, (the hall of Klosky is 360 feet high, 

 and 180 feet wide,) stabling for 80 horses, store- 

 houses, offices for clerks, and three chapels ; the 

 whole of the fittings, altars, crucifixes, tables, 

 desks, and seats worked in salt. 



Excellent method of rearing calves, and of preserv- 

 ing the cream and a great part of the milk, dur- 

 ing that time. 



Put some water on the fire, nearly the quan- 

 tity (hat the calf can drink ; when it boils, throw 

 info if one or two handfuls of oatmeal, arid suf- 

 fer the whole to boil for a minute. Then leave 

 if to cool until new-milk warm ; then mix with 

 it one or two quarts of milk that has stood twelve 

 hours, and has been skimmed ; stir the whole 

 and give it to the calf to drink. At first it is 

 necessary to make the calf drink by presenting 

 the fingers to it; but it soon learns to do with- 

 out this help, and will grow incomparably faster 

 than by the old method. 



This method is not only a theoretical truth, 

 but its success is confirmed by experience. — 

 The economical advantages resulting from it 

 are as follows. According to the old method, a 

 calf intended for slaughter is made to suck for 

 three weeks ; and those intended for agriculture 

 from six to eight weeks. Supposing the cow 

 gives only a moderate quantity of milk, the val- 

 ue of it will amount, in three weeks, to nearly 

 the value of (he calf. If", on the contrary, we 



from the states, as I made no esperimenfs on rear a calf according to this method, we con 



the machine ; 1 saw it in operation only while 

 it was then going, it received 25 lengths of hemp 

 per minute, which would nett in 12 hours 5000 

 pounds of clean hemp ; this was a quick move- 

 ment, and would not fall j short from daily speed. 

 The machines cost from 300 to 1000 dollars. 



Respectfully, L. THOMPSON. 



sume during the three weeks only three quarts 

 of oatmeal at most, and the skimmed milk — 

 calves that have been brought up by this meth- 

 od have been aUvays healthy and strong, and 

 not subject to disease. They are not sufi'ered 

 to suck at all, but to have the pure milk of the 

 mother to drink for the first four days ; because 



if has been observed, that the separation after 

 four days is more painful to the mother than 

 when the calf is taken from her soon after its 

 birth. — .'hn. Farmer. 



jYcts) method of clearing feathtrs from their animal 

 oil. 

 Take for every gallon of clear water, a pound 

 of quick lime; mix them well together, and 

 when undissolved lime is precipitated in fine 

 powder, pour off the clear lime water for use 

 at the time it is wauled. Put the feathers to be 

 cleaned in another tub, and add to them a suffi- 

 cient quantity of the clear lime water to cover 

 the feathers about 3 inches ; when well immers- 

 ed and stirred therein, the feathers when thor- 

 oughly moistened will sink down — and should 

 remain in the lime water three or four days ; 

 after which the foul liquor should be separated 

 from the feathers by laying them on a seive. — 

 The feathers should be afterwards well washed 

 in clean water and dried on nets, the meshes 

 being about the same fineness as those of cab- 

 bage nets. — The fettthers must, from time to 

 time, be shaken on the nets; and as they dry 

 tlioy will fall through the meshes, and are to be 

 collected for use. The admission of air will be 

 serviceable in (he drying, and the whole pro- 

 cess may be completed in about three weeks. — 

 The feathers, at'ter being thus prepared, will 

 want nothing more than beating for use, either 

 for beds, bolsters, pillows, or cushions. — Ibid. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



FRIUAY, JULY 29, 1825. 



FARiaSK'S CAZ.SNZ>AR. 



SruBBi.E Fields. — There are several modes of 

 converting stubble to purposes useful to the cul- 

 tivator: 



1. You may mow, collect, and cart it into 

 your yard, where, by the trampling of cattle, 

 and by its being mixed with the other materials 

 of the yard, it will be converted by the next 

 spring info valuable manure. 



2. You may deposit it in barns or stacks, and 

 use it for litter and fodder. Judge Peters of 

 Pennsylvania observed that " before the excel- 

 lent practice of sowing clover on our wheat was 

 introduced, I generally ploughed in the stubble 

 to rot as a manure. But now I cut the clover 

 and stubble ; and have great store of fodder for 

 the barn-yard cattle. AVhat they do not eat, be- 

 comes manure. My fields are left in the best 

 condition, for either feeding or mowing, the 

 next season. I have heard objections to mow- 

 ing the clover and subble : as rendering the roots 

 exposed to injury by droughts or frosts. But I 

 am convinced by long experience, that, if the 

 cutting be in proper time, there are no solid 

 grounds far such objections. 



3. Another mode of management is to plough 

 in your stubble as soon as possible after harvest, 

 for then it is in its best state. If it has been ex- 

 posed some time it yields nearly all its fertiliz- 

 ing qualities to the sun, air, and moisture, and 

 you might, with about as much advantage, plough 

 in moonshine or your own shadow, as stubble 

 that has stood for ti or 8 weeks after harvest. 



With ploughs of the conemon construction it 

 is difficult to plough in stubble, on account of 



