52' 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



[Sept. 9, 



PHILADELPHIA SOCIF.T? FOR. PROMOTIKO AURlCULTURli- 



Slated Mating— Auguit IG, 1825 —Mr Haines 

 in the Ch lir. The i'ollovving cotnraunicalions 

 ;ver« made : — 



1. A teller from a res|iect;ible fnrmer of Del- 

 aware CouDt^', detailing his system of soiling 

 Stock. 



N^ne'een head of horned cattle, four horses, 

 and eievcn hcys are fed tive times diily, in the 

 stalde, and in t!ie intervals t\\ey are kept in the 

 barn-yard, haviiis^ a shed, and a stream of vvalei 

 by its side. Thf. manure from the yard and sta- 

 ble, is regiilarly h:>nleil every day In an adjoin- 

 ina; yard, and covered with a layer of earlh. A 

 change of grass is provided for the smck. When 

 the second ajrowth covers the tiells lirst cut. the 

 cattle are then turned om to pa^iure, until llie 

 mowing .ofinuud in like manner :itTord« a good 

 bile. Th» crass for soiling is cut early in Ihc 

 mnrning, and enoutrh is ihen cut to last all day, 

 and for the lirsl feed of the next day. Care Is 

 taken not to irani(de upon the grass in the cart. 

 The advantige" derived Irnm the praclice pur- 

 sued, when compared with pasturing all Ihe 

 year, are, increase of slork, and consequent in- 

 crease of manure, to be applied when and where 

 wanted ; an efficient hand ready in harvest, who 

 was before occupied in soding, and the jireserv- 

 ation of an uniform surface in the land, owing 

 lo the cattle tieing kept off, when the earth is 

 open and loose in the spring. The manure is 

 thought to pay for the additional labour incur- 

 red during the time of soiling. The cows do 

 not m Ik so well as when pastured, but the same 

 numtier could not be kefit in that way, as are 

 now maintained. No stable manure has ever 

 been bought for this farm, which is now in a 

 liigh state of fertility. 



2. On the importance of irrigation, by Samu- 

 el Haines of i'hiladel(diia. 



The vvriier eslimaies that within 50 miles of 

 the city, 50.000 acres of good arable land might 

 be watered at pleasure, if the fanners would 

 unite to use the elevated streams at their com- 

 mand and which he knows from the levels tak- 

 en by himsell', are from 300 to 500 feet above 

 '-he head of tide. Such an arrangement he wit 

 nessed in the island of Madeira, where no rain 

 falls from May to October, and yet the finest 

 vegetables are produced. He notices the great 

 attention foimerly paid to watered meadows in 

 Pennsylvania, but wliich haie been neglected, 

 since the introduction of arlilimal grasses and 

 gypsum. The subject is tr.-ated in an able man- 

 lier, and the persuasives to a return lo useful 

 ;)ractice, are derived from an expose of the in- 

 jury we snlTer from a neglect of it, (notwiib- 

 standiug the coinparalive supenorily of the 

 Thiladelphia market) and the increa-ed com- 

 fflrts, which would cerlalnly result to the pub- 

 tic, and profii to the individuals concerned in 

 lie revival of this great and certain source of 

 .lanility. 



3. Dr. Mease's concluding remarks on the dis- 

 eases and accidents to wliich larnicrs are more 

 particularly subject, or that require speedy rem- 

 edies. 



Ueniitlpnl and intermittent fevers, spilling of 

 Mood, bleeding at the nose, clothes calching on 

 fire, exposure lo the cold, eating freely of black 

 cherries, and drinking cold water afterwards. — 

 •Means of pre'erving health in various situations, 

 •and when io iir.ger from various causes: the 



necessity of attending to diseases and accidents 

 apparently trifling, were among the subjects 

 treated of. 



4. A letter from Mr. Luther Thompson, of 

 the Slate of New York, announcing to the So- 

 ciety that be has had in successful operation for 

 some time, the machine invented by Col. Tib- 

 bitts of Ohio, for preparing hemp and flas lor 

 spinning wilhout either dew relliog or water 

 retting. It will be removeil shorlly lo the Mo- 

 hawk flats, near Schenectady, and invites those 

 intere.sted in the cullivalion ol" either article, 

 and the public generally, to wiiness its work. 



5. I'ht! President sent a specimen of ihe long 

 wnolled Caramaoian Sheep, belonging to Win. 

 Shotwell ol New York. '• The sliee|. wis itn 

 porled last spring frnm Smyrna. Hi- is.initive 

 of Caraman, A'ia iMiiior, (one of lb.' (in vince^ 

 i>f Ihe ancient Naloija,) and was on his w«v lo 

 Con'lanlinople. when the ve.ssei was taken by 

 ihe Greek admiral Tombazo, w bo presented him 

 lo Capl. Gerry of New York. The ammal has 

 ,1 broad tail; the fleece is of a daik I'rown or 

 ^nuff I'oloiir, and peculiarly adapted lo the man- 

 ufacture of camblets. It weighed 21 lbs. and 

 before shearing dragged on the ground, so as 

 lo bide the feel." 



The rugsed uninviting aspect of the country 

 of Caraman has not attracted any modern visU 

 lor. Capl. Beaufort of the British navy, a few 

 years since surveyed the coast, but did not pro- 

 ceed lo any distance from Ihe sea. The exis- 

 tence of the long wooUed sheep there is recor- 

 ded by the indu^lrious compiler, Harri,-, (voya- 

 ges vol. 2. p. 878,) who remarks that all their 

 wool is consumed in Ihe country, for Ihe clolhes 

 of the moulhas, or men of the law, and priests. 



From the Boston Centinel. 



From a Philadelphia paper. 

 CURE FOR TETTF.R OR RING WORM. 



After I had the teller nearly twenty years 

 on my hand, and had used dollars worth of cele- 

 brated letter ointment, which took off the skin 

 refiealedly without effecting a cure, a friend 

 advised me to lake some Blood Root, (called al- 

 so Red Root, Indian Paiiil, &,c.) slice it in vine- 

 gar, and afterwards wash Ihe place affeclod 

 with Ihe liquid. I su|^)iose the vinegar extrac- 

 ted ihe slrenglh out of the root, for in a few- 

 days Ihe dry scurf was removed, and my dis- 

 eased hand appeared as whole as Ihe other. — 

 1 could scarcely believe ihat a perfect cure was 

 so speedily accomplished by this simple reme- 

 dy — but as nearly two years have passed with- 

 out the least ap|iearance ofilsrelurn, I need 

 no longer doiilit the fad, and for thv benefit of 

 oilier.*, i wish Ihe *a!ue of the Red Root to be 

 more generally known. 



" It grows about a fool high in rich woodland, 

 and flowers in April. The leaf is roundish and 

 deeply indented, somewhat like the white oak 

 leaves — slems naked, supporting single flowers, 

 blossoms while. ^\ ben the fresia root, which is 

 about the size of Ihe litlle tinker and blood red, 

 IS broken, a juice issues in large drops resem- 

 bling blood." — EweWs Medical Companion. 



Cure for the Whooping Cough. — One teaspoon- 

 ful «f j;.istor oil mixed with a lea'^ponnful of 

 molasses — one or two leaspoonfuls of thi^ mix- 

 ture to be given «vbet>ever the patieut coughs, 

 OT as often as tbe casa requii-cs^ 



FRUIT TREES. 

 The best means which 1 have deyised of 

 brinijing an Orchard to a hasty and produclive 

 slalp ol'improvemenl. is f)is| to select ibe ground 

 where you intend your or: hard. For this pur 

 [lOse almost any soil will answer, from the plains 

 of Ihe southern to the heaths of the norlhera 

 purls oi Massachiisells ; or, indeed of any oi the 

 New England Slali'S Plant your seed where 

 you ini.'nd your Orchard, in rows, at suitable 

 distance from each olher. If your land be so 

 rorky as mil to admit of fh» plough, the glebe 

 may lip sulKcienlly pulverised by Ihe hoe. In 

 ue» l.inds I would recommend never lo use Ihe 

 plough, or 10 remove the rocks »n(\ slones. | 

 iia»e .'nuiid by nliservatioii and experience, Ihat 

 nicks are not only condiicire to the irrowlb and 

 lertilily of trees, but areagrea' stcuniy against 

 Ihe deslruriive influence of winds. Select your 

 seed Irom wigrafted fritil that your trees be no 

 alternate bearer*, or in other words bear but lit- 

 lle or not at all. This 1 know from experience. 

 You may graft ynur trees ihe third year, but I 

 would recommend ils delay until ihe seventh or 

 eighth year, at which time youi trees will have 

 commenced bearing, affording an opportunily to 

 know the value of Ihe fruit. Grafting I think 

 preferable lo budding. Be careful lo grali ear- 

 ly fruit to early fruit, and vice versa. Keep the 

 sward modeiaiely subdued about your trees, anj 

 sods procured from the sides of Ihe highway or 

 load, is preferable to animal manure to fa.cililale 

 their growth, — and \vhat is still better, almost 

 every farmer has wild lands covered with shriib- 

 lieiy, or bushes, of every description ; inslead of 

 the strange practice of burning them upon Ihe 

 ground in heaps, immedialely afier having cut 

 them, of which ftie present is the besl season, 

 lake them before williiig,immediately lo a sloni^h, 

 or some olher conveniently situated place w here 

 ihey m ly have the advantage of the wash of the 

 slreel, here even Ihe largest of taricrrj/ bushes, 

 w li decompose in Ihe couise of uvo or Ihiee 

 years, form a rich nUuvial, or soil, the best raa- 

 iiuie which can be procured for the growth and 

 lertilily of litres. This manure has many ad- 

 vantages over Ihat of animals: — Firsl, ii regen- 

 erates old soils, and lerlilizes the trees ; — sec- 

 ondly, it keeps the ground ;,'if//oif, and light and 



prevents the sward from binding the roots ; 



la«lly, it (irevenls woinis, and insects, those un- 

 welcome visitants, finni making llieir destruct- 

 ive depredations. Where I have pu[ animal ma- 

 nure about my trees, I have found innumerable 

 tribes of anis, or pismires, travelling nj) and 

 dovvn, and depositing green eggs, or lice under 

 the leaves ol the extreme twigs and branches. 

 Soon the leaves curl, and drop off, and i|ie trees 

 are checked in iheir growth, \\herever Ibrse 

 virmin have become numerous my fruit has 

 been knurly and crabbed. It is my opinion that 

 Ihese are ihe only insects, (or worms if you 

 please,) (vhich work at Ihe roots, and in the end 

 produce the death of an Orchard. 



Now wher£\er 1 have used manure made 

 from leaves, bushes, briars, weeds, &.c. when 

 sufHciently pulverized, I have been but little 

 troubled with insecls. Somelimes Imw evej- ihe/ 

 make iheir appearance in old lands, and wliere 

 lhi« is the case, 1 have found s.ind or tine grav- 

 el a good remedy together with the above mji' 

 flure. 



