1826.] 



NEW ENGLAND 



FAm!E?J. 



•J.\> 



a«cribeil to its deri.-.iency, is slill mo p ivoiider- sii(,(.lieil l.v srypsum ; unH Ih^it <rv|ifnni (M)l|.ha|p , morp or Ifss |)Min,l. ( .u^iiMiefl rcl.l i.r,„iico* 

 ful." " The process of vpwpliilinn. and the coti- of' Iki.p,) is (he salinp lood ot cInvPr, liiccrn, mid ! h (pn-eMCSs in (lie ti!.rp.=, ii Mmn;; and sleadv 

 Sliluenls of vegPtatde?, are not known lo the ^ -ni.itoin. " Nnilher ivhrnl. nor Imrloi, nor nuts, j nrlinn of ll.n va«rii! ir ^vsipm. w i.idi i,rprii^.,o<=e. 

 practical fmmer, because Ihoy h.ive lieen didi- derive any advantaee from n-yp*,,,,,, as it foims inflimmalion ; lug-li sUiialioiis, with a pure^ 

 cull to ascertain ; and the nature of his manure j no necessary consliliient of lliose giahif."- En- ' hracnig atti^osplier,. prodncn similar efi'pcts -- 



is involved in the si me ohscnrity. He sii(i|iose3 , c^c/o/jfr/i'a oj' Gardening, p. 302. 

 illo contain everything needed for every crop." These facts are in corroboration of the opin 

 •'If ive pursue our investiifrttions a step tar-ljn,,, advanced by Davy, (%. Cliem p. 'J9j, &.c ) 

 - -"^ have done, we shall discover that i t|,,,i (he beneficial em>cls ol' gypsum can neither 



Those who are moderatrly liealtliy, and pecu- 

 liarly robust, find a winter rf no pxtreine cold, 

 healthy ; and the operiiii<» sprin?. pxpai.dino; the 

 fibres, a ojppihI tjlow and new li'p lo every ot 



mar!<ab|p,.that this phosphate of lime is soliilije | 

 in no known fluid, except ihroueh the medium t 

 of an animal substance, as ijelatinp. &,c. and con- 

 sequently the same animal substances which tiir- ! 

 nish the elements of the sfhiten, will also furnish ' 

 a medium lor the pliosphaie of lime, wliich up- [ 



ther than wi 



phosphate of lime is as constant a constiluent of I l,e ascribed to its solvent (pialities. nor toits'?'in- ^nmmer, of conrsp, may produce its own 

 wheat Hour as gluten itself PliO'^phate ot hme, Ipojve, of attracting moisture from tlie air; but | '''^eacps ; but in the hisiorv"nf ppidemirs, no 

 therefore, is iis much needed tor the production („ ||,e fact, that it constitutes a nece.ssary sLiine | particular bad effects ran be" traced to the heat, 

 of a cropof wheal, as (hesulislances whichsup-;(ood for the plants which yield it on analysis. I 'iH the evening's begin to cool, fruit lo be 

 ply the starch and i,'lutpn. It is not a little re- , u \vhen combined with water," says D.uy.'-^itj plenty, and the bile lo become a cunspicuoul 



retains that tliiid too powerfully to yield It ioic«"Se of disease, from lis accunuilatioii and ex- 

 Ihe roots of plants ;" and experiments satisfied I cessive discharge's. Winter again lecurs, and 

 him that it <lid not assist in the putrefaction of: 'he bills ol mortality show that it is a f.it.il sea- 

 animal subst.inces. nor in the decomposition ol son ; old people resist cold with difTiruliy — c;i- 

 manure, but the reverss. j tarrh, asthma, and similar complaints, often car- 



The experiments of the two writers here , O' '^^™ "'^ •''''''" Pf""''- 



Men live and enjoy heallh from the heat of 

 t to a hundred and eight degrees ol' 

 "The only substance now emploved for the | is an actual mannre, and becomes a coiisii[ueiit ^''^'enheH. They can exist in a' constant fog, 

 production of gluten, is the urine of live stock ; ^ part of certain plants ; and that it is in no wise ' where the hygrometer proceeds bpyond the ex- 

 the alvine excremenlitious niatler having been ' beneficial to, because it docs not C(>n^lit^lte a ' '""emc of humidity ; and in air which supports 

 proved to contain little or no niiidgpn. TUis j component part of, other planls. Of tlv,e (irst ' *he mercury only at twenly two or twenty ihiee 



class, clover, liicern, sainfoin, rve grass, cocks- 1 'f'-hes, they aie tobnst and arlive. Suririeii 

 fool, meailow fox-tail, and turnips are known lo 

 be embraced, and 1 doubt not that mai/.e, pota- 

 toes, and some other broad-leaved plants may 

 be added to it, and will afford gypsum on analy- 

 sis, as they are evidently bentljlled by its appli- 

 cation. But bel'ore gy |isun) can become the 

 tood of plants, it must be decomposed, so as to 

 ' e taken up by the minute pores of liie roots; 



pears to be equally « idispensahle to the forma. ,|„„„,d, and there are none we can quote of! Men live 

 tion of a perfect gram of wheat." j beiier aulhori!y,show conclusively that gypsum 'wenty cigl 



nrine is applied either by lolding, or mixed wi;h 

 farm-yard manure." 



Do we no^t find in the preceding extracts a 

 ready solution of the quesii„n, wliv many land'*, 

 jiarticularly in the .New r.nsriand stales, which 

 once grew wheat, will not grow it now, allhoiigh 

 they are manured; is it not owing to the ex- 

 haustion of animal matter, and the almost uni- 

 versal loss ot the urine of our stock, which Can 

 alone yield (be necess.irv constituenls for a 



U, 



and the reason ot its lying dorQiant an entire 



wheal crop ? The urine of animals constitutes ' season, and sometimes longer, is proliably owing 

 a moiety of the m-mure of the Flemish lai'merA.j'" '''e Wnnt of the necessary agents lo decoin 

 It is carefully rolipcled in tanks or cisterns; to | P*""*^ ''• " Gypsum is soluble in about 500 time.- 

 »vhich there are conductors trom the cattle 

 sheds, and is applied in a liquid slate. But as I 

 despair of seeing the economy ot' the Fleming' 

 imitated among us at present, I will sueyp't a 

 nil ans of saving at least a por'ion of what is 

 noiv lost, in a practicable and cheap way. It Is 

 simply to constrnrt concave cattlp y.trds, which 

 shall collect and hold llip urine and other liquids. 

 Almosi any soil will soon bp so piiddied a« to re- 

 tain the liquid' : but if the yard be plentifully 

 littered with straw and stalks, they will be ah 

 sorhpd lo a great extent ; or they may be con- 

 ducted by a ilrain lo a cistern. Ammonia is ge- 

 nerated and dissipated by fermentation ; but a 

 good covering ol litter in the sprino;, by pxclud- 

 in? hpal and air, will relaid tei mentation until 

 it s lime lo carl the mass to the field. The ex- 

 periments of Grisenlhv\ aile admoni-h the farm- 

 ei of the impropriety of reppalipg his uheal 



Crops upon ihp samp field, at short intervals. 



B"i..s, hair, and other animal substances, con- 

 tribute to the formation ofgluien. 

 ScieriDjic Memoranda a/'/>licaLte to Rural J]ff'ai7-s. 

 Grisenthwaile. in the jVtai Theory of Agricu.1 

 lure already quoted, lo confirm the opinion of 



Its weight oi cold water, aod is more soluble in 

 hoi water." {Ag. Chun. 294.) And it is readily 

 decomposed h> oxalic acid. {Parkcs' Chen. Ess.) 

 wh.ch abounds in sorrel, dock, and some other 



plants usually I'oiind on a clover or li'-'ht soil. 



These lacls seeni lo indii'.ate — 



That It Is useless to sow gypsum upon wheal, 

 rye, barley, and oiher crops vwiicii do hot yielil 

 it on aii.ilysis; and 



I'hat It is advisable to sow it early upon 

 grasses, while moisture is abundant, "and to 

 plough il under for summer crops, that ttie a- 

 gents of decomposition, water and the oxalic 

 acid of planls, may act more efficiently in bring- 

 ing It mio action. " J J3. 



Fiom the Medical lalelligencir. 



THE SEASON. 

 The winter thus far, and particularly the 

 present month, except the last week, has been 

 remarkably mild, and what moM people denom- 

 inate unhcaiihy. To every climate and to every 

 variation ol' weather, have long since been ai- 

 lolted the degree in which they favorably or 



changes are indeed injurious; but the injuries 

 are often' transitory and inconsiderable; or if 

 severe, producing only temporary and acute 

 diseases. 



At a meeting of the New Hampshire Mediral 

 Society, a proposition was laid befoie the So- 

 ciety, to fnrm a new IMedical Association, lis 

 object Professiniwl Iriijircvctiient and the Sup- 

 pression ofQitar.kery. A vote of apjirobalion was 

 pa««ed, and it was recommended to be put in 

 praclicc-^^JiifTii'. .-^^...-. 



Ti> the Editor of the .Wilional JounwI. — Sir — 

 Perceiving a notice, in one of the papers, of a 

 turni|i weighinff ,j.', pounds having been raised 

 ill llip slate of N.-iv York, you will oblige me 

 by nolicing that, in East Elorida, near the Great 

 Prairie, or Alachua Savanna, Fiubin Charles 

 raised a turnip patch, from which one lUTiiip, 

 uhich »y.is servpd up at a table in St. Aiigu.s- 

 line, weighed 10 J pounds; nor was this turnip 

 singular, as the patch produced many others of 

 equal size : and the reason assigned by Mr. 

 Charles (or so prodiiclive a crop, was, that he 

 was careful not to stir the soil, in order lo leave 

 for the ttiini[is a base of as much solidity as 

 possible, upon which they miabl rest and be 

 expaimed. HOUTENSUIT 



spec, he saline subslanres being present in par- unfavorably affect the human constilul 



ti< uiar planls, stales 'hat barley always contain 

 a quantity (d either nitrate (d'sod.i oi" nitrate of 

 pol.issa, (sail-peire,) and he rectjnimends that 

 Ih^ seed of this gr.do be al lea>l steeped in a 

 solution ol Ihissall, asa means of increasing the 

 prodflcl ; that Ibe snperoxalate of lime is the 

 Saline food of the pea; that sulphuretted b> dro- 

 gen gas IS coiislanlly present iu luroips, and is 



But 



extensive inquiries, the comparison of tables of 

 niortalily, anil long continued exf.eiienre, have 

 allowed of' lew conclusions being drawn favor- 

 ing this ailolmenl, that will bear the test of 

 careful examination. In the Spring we have 

 inflammatory complaints; in autumn, biiions 

 diseases; in eveiy season, fevers— lu the com- 

 menccmeut iutiuuimatory, in the concfTisi 



FRENCH CEMENT. 

 The French cement for the roofs of houses, 

 i to preserve the wood and protect it from fire, 

 is made in the following manner : — " Take as 

 much lime as usual in making a pailfiill of v\ hile 

 wash, .and let it be mixed in the pail nearly full 

 of water; in this put H lbs. of brown sugar and 

 3 pounds fine salt, mix them together, and ihe 

 cement is completed. A little lamp black, yel- 

 low orher, or other coloring commodity, may be 

 introduced to change the color of the cement, 

 to please the fancy of those who !ise it. It has 

 been used with great success -..nd recommended 

 particularly as a protpclicn against tiie. Small 

 sparks of fire that frequently lodge on the roofs 

 ol houses are prevented by this cement fiom 



""lluiii.ug the shingles," 



