1828.] 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



lon^' pench, vvhiis ofhen con»!Jflr it Hn Inferior ' Mnlo.. (he " P^i^Uh^n \mv\nf, ~c7^^^rTZ,7T77. 

 i.nt. Many think the '-re.rmnin" the be.t of, x^^ovemher.■ U. .imo of ,n:,!nrilv is Oclr a^ ' 

 all apple?, whi.e others Umik it much iolerior not before, in this climate, nnl.-« l.v nrtiflci-.l ' 

 to a great variety that might he named. | heat, or the <>.=o of n ,vall. I «„onl/of perfect I 



Under these c.rcmn.tances it is very difficult i i>„it ; not wiixl-fall.-, which are hrn„eht to an 

 for one person to select for another. The best [eating state sometimes promatnroly hy ,l,o cnr-l 

 winter table pears succeed tveli only in town, culio. Thi^ ivriter make, iho " May Duke" rine I 

 where they are sheltered, viz. (he " St. Ger- in M.iy. and (he "Black llearf in Jnne. 1 I ve ! 

 mam, V irgonlen^e • and " Chanmontel ."' j never known then, so early in (his part of (he f 

 The same m.iy be smd of some of the best fill I country. 'luiuic. 



267 



pears, such a. the " Cra<.^ane, » St. MichaelV j The' o.her- piece pnts the "• FrancRe.i- 

 and 'Brown Benrre. ' A 1 (hese pears are l,a- 1 do,vn as a later frnit Ihan the St. Germain _. 



ble to have the skin crack open, when raised 

 in the co\mtry, which destroys (hem before they 



This is a mis(akc. The "Franc-Real" ripens 

 n October and November, and is lit only for 



^„ .„„ ,■',. u- V - ...w.. .... , ,„ wL.,u„ei iino i>invemiier, and is ht only for 



held n tii^l", r '^h'chcrcnmstance they are! preserving and hiking, stowinir, «cc. and not for 

 fhe^. J " - h ;°", -^ ':""'V''"P''- ?''!""' ''^'^'- ^^■'^"^''^ "^« St. Germain, if well 

 io? h ."-^"V f' T 'v '' "''*;" '" 1'^'-'^^*^- '"''«" "^-^ of, continues in eating the greater 

 t.on hat c.n be found. \ ery early pears are! part of the wmter, and is in fact, whenin per 

 nsua lly poorfru,(-(he "Muscat" •' rj.bert"and tec.ion the most valuable of (his species of oi 

 ihe " Citron des Carmes ' are the bpst Tt.o r^.,c;,i„„; — .-,, j .^ ■ •,.. ■. . .'. 



^ the "('itrondes Carmes"' are the best. The 

 late summer pears :ire much better. Amon"- 

 these the " Summer Doyenne," (he " Rousselel 

 de Kheims;" (be "Red Bergamot," and the 

 Salviati may be ranked among the best. Of the 

 ■ Fall pears that succeed well in the country,yon 

 have the " Seckle,"' " Epargne," " Swiss Brii- 

 ches," " Moorfowl Egg," VeVte Longue, a new 

 variety called (he " Bardelt pear" and " Doy- 

 enne Gris,"also (he "Gibson pear." Of winter 

 pears I know of rtone of the varieties sui(ed to 

 the table that do uniformly well, or indeed fre- 

 quendy well in (his country. There is a small 

 pear, which is raised by .M.r Lowell at Roxbury 

 which I once saw and tasted, and which resem- 

 bles in its form the " poire de Vigne," that is 

 a very good pear. I am told (hat it is a great 

 bearer, and succeeds well in the country. For 

 culinary purposes the "Treson,-' the" Pound," 

 the "Catillac" are the best. 



With respect to .Ipf.ks 1 apprehend that (he 

 '"Early Harves(," (he "Belle flower,"" Red 

 Colville," the " Ribston l^ippin," " Nonsuch," 

 " Whi(e Colville," " Baldwin" and "Roxbury 

 Russet" will be found lo give a succession vf 

 good fruit 



Of Peaches— yon may take (he " Early Ann," 

 " Whi(e Magdalen," "Grosse Mignone,"" Ken- 

 sington," " Admirable," " Royale," " Belle de 

 Vitry," " Carolina Kennedy," and " Late Chev- 

 reuse." 



Plums— The " Drap d"Or," « Rnyale de 

 Tours," " Grosse Reine," " Claude" or " Green 

 Gage' are best worth cultivating. 



Of Cherries—The " Black Heart," " Black 

 Tartarean," " Common Bigaremi," ;ind a nen 

 Tariely, raised by Mr Downer, of Ho.'ibury, an 

 excellent variety. Bu( I should recommend a« 

 many Mazards as may be conveniently disfiosed 

 of, as some of (hese (rees produce delicious frui(. 

 I have endeavoured, sir to answer the call of 

 your correspondent — but having no catalogue 

 within my command, and wridng merely Iroin 

 my recollection of fruits that I "have seen. 1 

 may probably have omitted some varieties that 

 I should have set down had I remembered it. — 

 If, however, this memorandum will, in any de- 

 gree answer the wishes of the " Lover of Good 

 Fruit" it will be gratifying to a brother . 



HORTICULTURIST. 

 P. S. I observe two answers to the ^'- Lover 

 rj/GoodFruil," in your last number, one of which 

 recommends (he " Chaumontelle" as an early 

 summer fruit, whereas this pear is fit for eating 

 in November, Decensuer and January 



Considering its durability, its delicate texture, 

 Its fine flavour, and abundant juice, it is not sur- 

 passed as a table fruit by any variety whatever." 



TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW E.\-(JI..4.\n F.^RMEU. 



MULBERRY SHRUBS, &c. 



.'}mherst,{,Y.H.) J\farch 13, 1826. 

 Mr FESSENiTN— I wish (n be informed through | 

 your paper, where Mulberry Trees (i( for (rans- j 

 plandng, and (he seeds likewise for plan(ins— f 

 (par(icularly the White Mulberrv) and also "the i 

 Silk Worm and e.gfra^ can be had' \ 



Where can I obtain a few Carolina Potatoes ? 

 Your oli't serv't P. 



Remarks b;/ Ihe Edi/or.—\Ve slioiild be liappv to re- 

 ceive information on this subject from any of oiirVriends 

 and correspondents who can communicate if. In an 

 article on the " Silk Worm," See. [see p. 237, vol. iv. 

 of-N. E. Farmer,] we are told that " Cultivators of the 

 White .Mulberry can import the tree from the t.innean 

 Garden, owned by l\1r Prince, at Flushing- Long-Island 

 near New York," It is also presumed that Mulberry 

 seeds and the silk worm and eg^s may be bad in 

 .Marshtield, Con. where silk we are told has been cul- 

 tivated with success. 



addhsss. 



Delivered before the Worcester .lorktdturat Societij 

 Oct. 12, 1826, by George A. Tufts, Esq. 



(Continued from pa»e 259.) 

 Af{er all that has been said, however, exper 

 iment, whether in (he laloratory or in (he field, 

 is the only correct source of Agricultural knoxvl- 

 edge ; the diffusion of that biou'ledge, throwh 

 the whole 7nass of the farming community, the ouh/ 

 true basis of improvement in the art. Some more 

 efficient mcuns, perhaps, might be resorted to, 

 than has hitherto been adopted, lo accom[>lish 

 these purposes. The establishment of experi- 

 mental farms, as has been recommended by Sir 

 John Sinclair, in his Code of Agriculture, can- 

 not be too often enforced upon the attention of 

 the friends of good husbandry. It is believed 

 that such a farm, embracing a variety of soil, 

 and properly conducted by men both of science 

 and pracdcal skill, would do more, in a few 

 years, to enlighten the farming community, than 

 could be etrec(ed by individual eiTor(s or by any 

 other mode of encnuragemenl in half a century. 

 The general benefits to be derived from ex- 

 perience, are often greatly limited by the omis- 

 sion oi some material circumstance, that might 

 attend a particular experim'^ul, and, not untre- 

 - I quently, by an imperfect '■ ■..i.iioB of the pro- 

 it also cess itself. The establishmvRt o' SL:ch a fhrm, 



l!:-'CO(or«., i.,!mI„ i( f„rili!ntrd in V'":.-rv,.ipp 

 would jifii).',) |l,e 1,,.^,, mr.nns of comionjiir.itir,,- 

 (0 the public i(s results. From hence, (he r,,,m. 

 er might oblain not only a fair record of im ec- 

 |)primen(, bu( he might' also visit the spot, and 

 acquire, Jierhaps from observation alone, a suf- 

 ficient knowledge of (he characler of (he soil 

 upon which (he experiment was made. ]\eve, 

 also he might learn every fnct, (ha( h^id exerled 

 a favourable or unfnvourahU; influence upon (he 

 mode ofculture adop(cd. M.uiy odier advi,n(ag. 

 cs might be enumera(ed, if lime permiKed. To 

 impress upon the public the imporlaiire of .nich 

 (arms. None, however, it is presumed, can 

 doubt, that (heir estublisbmerd, \u the various 

 sccd.ins of our country, would be an even( nm- 

 I'icious (0 (hn American husbandman. 



But, however much the farmer may be in- 

 formed in the principles of his art ;— however 

 well versed he may be in Ihe laws of vegela(ion 

 or (he organizadon ofna(ure herself; never- 

 (heless, to enable him (o reap every benriil, 

 which his labors can afford, he must rely mucii 

 upon his own di'^crimination, and (he daily ex- 

 ercise of his own judgment. 



Those who have arqujrod a fortune in some 

 other profession or business, and (arm it only 

 for amusement, may consult (heir (aste oi- in', 

 dulgc their fancy. They can m.ike improve 

 ments on (heir farms for ornamciif. They can 

 cuhivate their fields merely to please the eye 

 of (he spectator. But (he ordinary farmer, who 

 pursues his business ns a means of subsi5(pnce 

 for himself and family, must calculate upon a 

 pro(i( (0 be derived from it. In him, therefore, 

 that can never be good liusbandry, wliich seck.s 

 to obtain gj;cat. results by the application ofin- 

 ordiiia(e nie-Jiis Great crops produced by ex 

 (raordinary culdvalion, and a( a great expense, 

 however gratifying lo (he sight, c.in never be 

 an objec( worlby of/,-!snt(ention. The pamper- 

 ed animal may grace (he s(al!, but, if Iiis cost 

 exceeds his worlh or market price, nothing is 

 addedto Ihe income of the f.irmer, or the com- 

 fort of his family. To obtain the greatest amount 

 of productive value, from the cmplotjment of the 

 least capital, is one of the first principles of rural 

 economy. It is indeed the very definition of 

 (he farmer's art. In the successful application 

 of (hi.s principle, it is evident, that regard must 

 be had lo a great variety of circumstances, whose 

 influence can alone be learned from the farmer's 

 own observation. His situation in relation to 

 a market; — the actual stale and condition of (he 

 , country at large ; — and a thousand olher circum- 

 stances, are daily demanding ihe exercise of a 

 I vigilant and enlightened undersianding. Finally, 

 I (to quote the language of a distingushed Agri- 

 ciillurist :) "There is, probably, no art, in 

 which a variety of knowledge, is of more es- 

 sendal importance, (ban in that of Agriculture. 

 To preserve (he ferdlity of the soil; to free it 

 from all superfluous moiB(ure ; to cultivate it 

 (o the greatest adiantage ; to raise its produc- 

 tions at (be leas( expense ; (o procure (he best 

 ins(ruments of husbandry; to select the stock 

 likely (o be (he most profitable ; to ieed (hem 

 in the most judicious manner, and to bring them 

 to the most advantageous markets; and to per- 

 form all ibe ofher operadons of Agriculture in 

 the most judicious riodes ; nquire a greater 

 extent and varie(y of knowledge, (ban migh(, at 

 first view, be judged ri-qui.si(e." 



(To be concluded next week.) 



