270 



NCW ENGLAND FARMER. 



[March r. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER.' ''» '"•■q^rrefl a full Wocrted Devon bull /or] 



, — line express purpose ot orpeding osen. tint oe- 



FniDAY, MARCH 17, 1826. 



j ...t c»pre?3 piirp 



ling rather under i-ize, vrhich they generally' 

 ■ are, he was not a favcnrile here. I therefore | 

 ton,; a c;»'f out nf nr. itnporfeJ short-horn cow.' 

 by him. which forlijn^.teiy ha;)ppnpd to be a! 

 bull ; be is now a year old, and almost as big as I 

 ibis sire. I hare nevor seen n finer animal of 

 .... ..^^. Throu2:h him I hope to see oxen bred 



the difference ,n the value of Ihor produce >. very ^ ^^^^ j^.^^ ,^^^,^ ^-^^1,^ ^.^^ ^^_, smartness. 1 ami 

 Sreat. The f<7o Sr.t article, were written by gentle- 1 ^.^^^^ ^,^„ ^^,j,,^^ ^^,..,^ .^^^..^^ ,,^^^ if. though 



many critical breeders will consider roe quite ^ 

 out of rule." ' i 



l^arietit! nf Fruil. — The articles in our precedir.j 



Jja^cs relative to the best varieties of fruit will be found 



highly worthy of the attention of every FarmtT, who 



wishes lo po««c«? a valuable orchard. It is as easy to 



'•ultivatc the best as the poorest sorts of fruit trees and \ V'.' 



... , , ., . , . ! Ills age. 



men who have added lonjexperience lo nnch scientific 

 knowledge of horticulture. That which commences 

 page 263 was written by the Hon. John Lowell,. 

 I'resideat of the Massachusetts .Agricultural Society. 



The article, on our first page, on Mulberry Trees, is 

 from the pen of a jenlleman in New Jersey, of expe- 

 rience and practical inforination. His name is left with 

 'he IvHlor, for the satisfacion of any who may wish 

 ^arth'jr ioi'-'rination on the subject of Mulberry bbrubs. 

 Several communications arc deferred this week. 



An imporlnnt statement of the produce of but- , 

 ter obtained i'rom five native cows, owned by' 

 Col. JrssE PiT.v.v.M of Danvers.Mass. was publish-! 

 ed in the 4th volume of the IS'. E. Farmer page' 

 2?,^. By this it will appear, to nse the words 

 of J. W. Proctor Esq. who forwarded lhestate-| 

 ment " that in the space of six months from the ] 

 first of.7iine to the la=t of Xovember. those- 

 cows violdcd 103G pounds of butter, being 207 i 

 pounds to a cow. .\'< to the quality. I can say 

 from my own knov.'lpdge of it. that I have never 



r , -L- L- . 1 seen any suiiprior to it."' The cows " from a- 



]n our former rem.irUs on this subject, we , , ,, ■' .' ,. (. -vi „. - r i ;„ tu^ „..=. 

 , „ ., ... L . I . 1. 1 bout the middle ol »\lay were (ed in the past- 



a'loted from British wners. some sketches, de- , ., i ., u i • ir 



^ . ,. L T\ NT T- 1 I 1 ,'ure; — and through the "hole season, in addi- 



scriptive ot the Devon or Neiv Ln? and breed i . .,,/-, ^, u. • i ■ i i. 



' '^ 'tiontotbe feed there obtained, received be- 



tween four and live qttarts of Indian meal per 

 da}' for each cow. In September, when the 



bllKEDS OF C.\TTLi;. 



(^Conlinued from pag'^il.) 



scri|' 



ofcatlle, intended to present brief outlines of 

 the characteristic propertip;" oflh.it race, as ex- 

 hibited in Great Dritain. We now proceed to I r""* i'"r .'i! . , i i • i ., lU- 



, , 1 . I ' XT lecd of the rnslures was nearly dried up, they 



examine their character and standing, as iSeali ' - - '^ . • 



Cattip, in New England. 



The Committee of the Worcester Agricultu- 

 ral Society on Milch Cows and Fat Oxen, in 

 their report, dated October 13, ICJl, say, 

 " Nineteen cows were olTered for prr miiim.and 

 all ex«ept one of our native breed. They, 

 generally, had the appearance of cxiraordinary 

 value, and all gave evi'lence of.inlrUt^iic. worth. 

 Their exhibition afforded additional proof that 



ivere fed with the suckers of about two and a 



half acres of Indian corn ; after this, for a num- 



lier ol weeks they received about one bushel of 



Mangel Wnrtznl to a cow, a day — one half in 



the morning and the other at night." Here 



I was an extraordinary product of butter, but the 



j means of obtaining it were «uch as are not 



I common in New Engbind. The season, how- 



I ever, was unusually dry and warrp, anil the 



. pastures were of a " light and gravelly soil ol 



our own stock o( cows needs no other improve- 1 ordinary quality.^" This Mthough it is an inter- 



ment than can be obtained by a careful selection I 



estiiig experiment, decides nothing respecting 



ind a judicious attention to Ih^ origin and man- , j^^ comparative merits of native and imported 

 agement ol their pro-'^ny.- ' 1 his report was | ^^^.^^^^ ^,. ^^^^.^ jj,^, jj ^,^^^^.^_ ,^ ^^^ 1^,^ „.„^,,, 

 signed by O. Fishf.,_ Chairman, a gentleman well , ,,j. ^,^ Pr.ocTr,r,,"what can by good management 

 known as a scientiiic agriculturist. i ^^ ,,p„g „,|,|, „„^ p,^„ „ 



TheCammitlceoflhesnmeSociely,QnWork-| Col.Pov.ri, himself, appears to entertain a 

 jng Oxen, in a report, made at the same time, f,-„j, opinion of New England cattle for labour: 

 and on the same occasion, say " it this county i ^^^ ,,p ^^^.^^^^ ..^^^^.^^ ,p ^^^ Fr..T.iKF.-TONMAUGH-s 

 has never before exhibited a hner show ol U ork- ; ,,,,tgr above cited, " 1 have never seen in Eu- 

 jng Oxen, your Committee do not know where igj.p^ |,^rformanro of oxen comparable to thai 

 ihey should look lor one superior lo it. \Ve be- ] „.i„^l, j^ .Massachusetts would scarcely be re- 



Vieve we miirhl look in vain evpn in the conn 

 "ry of John Dull himself, the country of improv- 

 pil shorthorns and improvod long-horns — of 

 'lie Uerelord-S and Teesvvaters — the Alderneys 

 ".mi the Vigaloes— the country where 10(X) guin- 

 eas are given (or a Ijull and 500 for a Heifer. "t 



markeil."* 1'his superiority, however, he does 

 not attribute lo anv peculiar excellence of Ihe 

 New I'.ngland breetl or breeds o\' cattle, but lo 

 the following- circumstances. "1 shouhl ascribe," 

 says ;\li- I'oni 1 '• the extraordinary performance 

 ot'New England cattle to the skill, sagacity. 



In a letter to .lon.v Hai-,,: Powri. Esq. (origin- ; ,|n„u|.,r steadiness and peculiar firmness of the 

 ally published m Memoir.s ol the HoardolAgri- ; „,.-,,_((> ^nre in selection— and to the face of 



culture of the Slate of New York, vol. ii. and 



llie country in which they arc bred. A New 



■ppublished in Memoir«of the Pennsylvania So.hrn^|.,n,, ^^ .„ „ .^^^^ England horse, and New 

 ,ely) by Mr I r.MnrRsroMiAi.cH, a distinguMlied i.:,,^.!,,^^ ,„^n_ i, exposed to exertion from his 

 : ullivator, are the following pass.ijrcs. '-The 

 Devon blond appears to produce the best oxen, 

 .lud these oxen make as good beef as any other 



birth — the hills on which he must genprally 

 seek tor bis food, give health to his bings, and 

 vigour to hi? muscle, whilst Ihe shortness and 



Ir.od.^ I live in a country where the^ selllersj s,vfetness of the grass properly nourish his 



frame without loading il suddenly or producing 

 sluggishness under the yokc.'"t 



We might quote more authorities on the spe- 

 cific qualities and characteristic trails of Ihe 



have been very extravagant on the subject of 

 horspa, and feel it my duly to correct an expen- 

 sive habit, by substituiing, if possiblCjlfic labour 

 ■•■f oxen for horses." 



* Ist-e N. E. Farmer, Tol. 

 ' Ibid, pagcinT. 



page ^%. 



• Memoirs of the Penn. Agric. Society, page 5J. 

 1 Ibid, page o2. 



rCew England breed of cattle. But we are ap- 

 prphensive of prolonging our remarks beyond 

 the limits of the patience of our readers. We 

 think we have adduced enough to prove that 

 our breed of cattle is a gnod breed. But it does 

 not follow that, under all circumstances, and 

 for all purpo.ses, it is the best breed. This 

 would be a position for which Col.- Pickeki.vg 

 has never contended. 



^Ve will now, as briefly as may be consistent 

 with perspicuity, quote and refer lo some testi- 

 mcny relating to the Improved Durham Shori- 

 }iorns ; the most celebrated of the imported 

 breeds ol Dritish Cattle,as well as the breed for 

 which the greatest efforts are making to intro- 

 duce into the United States. 



.Mr L.iwr.FNrF. says " it has been ot served th.-vt 

 the northern short-horned species is the largest 

 breed in Britain, the Herefords standing in the 

 second place in that respect. The short-horns 

 are an original species, but whether those of 

 our northern counties are so or not, cannot be 

 a-rertained; that is to say. whether thev are o- 

 riginal or were imported in very early times, 

 as we know they have continually been during 

 several centuries. 



'•The extreme coarseness and size of the 

 northern short-horns led to the introduction of 

 Ncrman or AKlprney bulls, at some perioil of 

 the eighteenth centurv, with Ihe precise date 

 of which we are unacquainted. This improve- 

 ment commenced in Holderness, Yorkshire. — 

 Never was there a more fortunate cross. In no 

 other country does exist so excellent a breed of 

 cattle, as those of Holderness, including all Ihe 

 useful properties. In one, perhaps tlie most 

 important respect, great milking, they are su- 

 perior, and even wiihout rivals. Their beef is 

 liner than that of the old short-horned breed, 

 and they lalten much earlier and quicker, car- 

 rying still a vast depth of natural flesh, and tal- 

 lowing within, in the first degree. They have 

 both speed ami strength enough for labour, and 

 their shoulders are well formed "and well posit- 

 ed for draught. Being beautifully variegated in 

 colour, spotted, striped, sometimes sheeted red 

 and white, they make first rate park stock, a 

 noble example of which maybe seen at the sent 

 of the Earl of Coventry in Worcestershire. — 

 From their superior quantity of milk, Ihey ri- 

 val the best long-horns in the cheese and butter 

 dairies, and for suckling they arc unrivalled. — 

 It may be presumed they are at IcasI equal fo 

 tbe Herefords in the stall at all points, and there 

 seems but one respect in which they are in any 

 consiilerable degree inferior to any I'teed which 

 can be named, which is fineness of flesh ; in that 

 particular it is obvious they can never equal 

 certain other breeds, without the entire over- 

 throw of their Diilch basis, by the repetition of 

 the Norman or some other cross, which would 

 go to destroy the present superior breed. An 

 occasional mixture, however, of Norman blood 

 may keep the Holderness stock snfficicntly line 

 and prevent its degeneration on the other side ; 

 or a selection might be made of very elegantly 

 shaped ami tine boned Holderness [short horn) 

 rows, with Ihe view of improvement. These 

 are well known, as the stock generally kept by 

 the London cow-keepers. They have small* 

 short horns in the shape of a half ring, rather a 

 long plain head, fine skin, the legs seldom ton 

 long, the carcase large but compact, gnod back 

 and loin, the general figure square. They are 



