NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Published by JOHN B. RUSSELL, at the corner of Congresa and Lindall Streets, Boston THOMAS G. FF.SSENDFN, Editor. 



VOL. IV. 



JBOSTOX, FRIDAY, MARCH 24. ]«2(j. 



No. 



o:j. 



ORIOI NAI. COTOMUKICAT lOyS. 



TO THE EDITOR OF TUB NEW ENGLAND FARMEn. 



Roxbury, February 25, 182G. 

 Dear Sir — 1 have iKtstiiy looked through yonr account of the Devons. One oI' the great 

 beauties of my Bull is being micommonly s/ior! in the legs ; and I understand ihey are uni- 

 versally so (as are our country l)est cattle). The llercfords are said to be long-legged. 



I enclose you a memorandum 1 have had ricveral years by me ; I do not recollect from what 

 book 1 extracted il. By Ibis you will see the Devons are not bad milkers. 



1 have no doubt, after all that has been s;»id about Long Horns and Sliorl Horns, that there 

 are good and bad of all sorts. What are best suited to our pastures and feed, are best for us. I 

 Tiave very strons: doubts whether with the best keep any one breed is preeminent for the Dairy, 

 the Stall, and Yoke. In hnste,— truly yours, J. PRINCE. 



EXPERIMENTS AT EARL CHESTERFIELD'S FARM,— MAY AND JUNE 1807 k. 1G08. 



TABZ.X: z. 



Showing the produce of three milkings, from one cow of each of the stated Breeds and Crosses. 



Breeds and crosses. Cows. 



Holderness, 1*011, 



Long Horn, Louk, 



Devonshire, Marquess, 



Alderney, Lily, 



Devon and Holderness cross, Young Poll, 



Devon md Long Horn cross. Beauty, 



Devon and Alderney cross, Tidy, 



Milk. 

 29 qts. 



m 



25 

 23 

 12 



Cream. 

 2^ qls. 



U 



n 

 H 



Butter. 



.38^ OZ. 



26" 



28 



25 



32 



29 



21-1 



Milk. Cheese curd'pressed 

 29 qts. 8 lbs. 5 oz. 



19.1 



16i 



19i 



Zb 



28 



12 



o 

 8 

 8 

 9 

 5 



3A 

 9.5 



H 





 



S'lo-jsing the produce of five quarts of milky from the milkings of five different cores of each of the 



stated breeds ond crosses. 



• <. butler 



when he discovered an apple tree bparing this 

 fruit ; upon examination he found its qualities 

 so superior, that he procured scions frnm it and 

 introduced it into better company. This tree 

 was defective on one side, and a uood-pecker 

 had made a hole into it — Mr Baipnvin from Ibis 

 circumslnnce, named the apple \he Pecker npplp. 

 The Russeting was first found on the farm in 

 Roxbury belonging to the Warrf.n family, and 

 on which were born the late Dr VVarrkn, and 

 his brolher the General, so conspicuous in our 

 revolulionary history — hence this valuable fruit 

 is sometimes called Ihe Warren Russeting. 



Names are of lillle importance if the things 

 intended to be made known by them are well 

 iinderslood. But when the reasons are at hand 

 why ihmgs important in life are understood by 

 different names, it may be well lo give iheni ; and 

 Ihough the intelligent will not he edified by tbc 

 informition, yet the ignorant, who have yet to 

 learn the history of the most common things, 

 may be essentially benefited. 



Your olvt serv't, 



JOS. HARRINGTON. 



Holderness, 



Long Horn, 



Devonshire, 



Alderney, 



Devon and Holderness cross, 



Devon and Long Horn cross, 



DeTon and Alderney cross, 



5 qts. milk 



5 " 



5 " 



5 



5 



5 



5 







5 qts 



. milk 2 Ib.s. 



4 07.. 



6 

 94 



a" 



10 



9* 

 4 



chee=e curd 

 [pressed. 



(I 

 (I 



The Breeds and Crosses placed in rotation, according to Ihe quantity of food they eat. 



J Holderness, 



2 Devon and Holderness cross, 



3 Long Horn, 



4 Devon and Long Horn, 

 3 Devonshire, 



6 Devon and Alderney cross, 



7 Alderney. 



The Devon and Holderness cross produced a valuable stock, (very much reseuibling the 

 Herefordshire cattle,) of a large size, hardy, kind fe.-ders, and the meal of an excellent quality. 



The Devon and Long Horn cross are not so large as the former, but very hardy, a«e kind 

 feeders, and the meal of a good quality. 



The Devon and Alderney, crossed, produced a very valuable stock. They are of a mode- 

 rate size, much improved in symmetry, hardy, have a great propensity to fatten at an early age, 

 even upon indifferent food, and the meat very rich. 



Lord Somerville remarks on the above, " by Ihis it appears the Devon and Alderney cross 

 maintain the high reputation for butter and good feeding it has long had. The Devon itself 

 stands next in rank." 



TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 

 FRUITS. 



In the New England Farmer of the 17th insl. 

 I noticed an interesting account of various fniit> 

 —giving their true oames. Some embarrass- 



ment, it was slated, had arisen by reason of two 

 names being given to the same kind of fruit, and 

 particularly, the Baldwin apple. I beg leave to 

 explain this difficulty. This name was given 

 o this apple, in honor of the discoverer. The 

 srrandfa'her of Ihe present Col. Baldwin was 

 surveying in Ihe wilderness, late in autumn 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



ON WOAD. 



^o. I. 



Mr Fessenden — If you are of opinion tiiat the 

 following extracts and remarks upon the Pastel 

 plani, and its manufacture for the dior, are wor- 

 thy of it, you will please to insert them in your 

 useful paper. 



ftlr f'oleziini extracted 1 pound 3 oz. Troy, 

 of indigo liom a quintal of woad, or pastel 

 leaves. 



Mr Rougues extracted 1 pound four ounces. 

 The leaves of pastel are cut when they — e 

 in their extreme vigour, before they wither or 

 turn yellow. 



When Ihe seed has been sown in March the 

 first crop is made in June, and the crops are 

 continued every 20 or 25 days, according to the 

 season. 



It is ailvantageous to leave the roots in the 

 ground 2 years, as the first crop the second year 

 can be gathered in March, and in this manner 

 from 12 to 15 crops can be gathered in 2 years. 

 A pound of indigo is said to be produced by 

 labour from 200 pounds of the plant which con- 

 lainod it. 



At llie commencement of the 17th century 

 indijjo i'rrm India was introduced into Europe, 

 which gave a fatal blow to Ihe use of pastel, 

 and has by degrees annihilated one of the most 

 productive branches of our agricultural indus- 

 try ;— more than 40,000,000 pounds of pastel in 

 pelots. 



Pastel can be raised in many places, if it is 

 raised with care and requisite observations as 

 to the soil, the culture and management of the 

 plant. Prejudices have existed, and still exist, 

 which induce cultivators to believe that such or 

 such productions cannot be raised to advantage 

 but in particular places. The erroneous opin- 

 ions which existed on Merinoes, and which 

 wer? dissipated some years since, are striking 



