316 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



[April 28, 



ON LANDSCAPE AND PICTURESQUE 



GARDENS. 

 It was reserved to the ilelicafe taste of our 



in fine condition through the winter months, 

 when sliced and mixed with straw— does awaj 

 the necessity of hay — and works up the straw 



age to malie the most happy changes in the art i and chaff which otherwise would have to be 

 of embellishing Gardens, and truly lo enjoy the thrown into the manure yard, and which when 

 beauties of nalure. The English have taken; given to stock without roots, bind their bowels, 

 such advantages of the situation and soil of their 



country, that it forms as it is, merely one vast 



A good choice of Ihe spots to be cultivated, 

 and of those which should contain groups of 

 trees, ought to be made ; for they not only af- 

 ford changes highly advantageous to the differ- 

 ent points of view, but also add considerably to 

 the value ol' the |>roperty on which they are 

 situated. When united with these there is a 

 river or a stream, what new advantages are pre- 

 sented for embellishing a Garden. The country 

 seats which surround the city of New-York are 

 most beautifully situated, but we cannot avoid 

 a feeling of regret at not seeing them accom- 

 panied with some plantations and groups of 

 trees happily disposed, which would not only 

 add to their beauty and afford cool and shaded 

 walks, so agreeable during the heats of summer, 

 but would have Ihe advantage of increasing the 

 real value of the property, in proportion to the 

 number and value of the plantations made. A 

 ,'"^'v paths winding without restraint through the 

 o-rountl'". ■''"' leading to those parts the most 

 beautiful, not t^J." "" account of the view of 

 the water, but also ot J,"^'" '^^ "^"^ neighboring 

 country ssats, would lend a n*." charm to the 

 habitation. A few fabrics, rustic bri..^R') her- 

 mitages, a Temple, or a Chinese Kiosk or « .''■ 

 goda, not expensive in their execution, would 

 advantageously complete the embellishment ot 

 a country seat. 



These kinds of gardens are not very expen- 

 sive, the unevenness of the soil being rather a 

 beauty than otherwise, and of which advantage 

 would be taken, if there are already cultivat- 

 ed grounds, they need not be rejected ; for eve- 

 ry thing that produces is interesting — only they 

 should ni)t form the principal object. 



Mr. Andrew I'arnientier, lately from Europe, 

 where these gardens are generally adopted, has 

 made at his place, at Ihe division of the Jamai- 

 ca and Flalbush turnpilies, at Brooklyn, L. I. a 

 garden of this kind, which will be the more in- 

 teresting on account of Ihe great variety of for- 

 eign trees and plants he has there introduced. 

 It is but half an hour's walk from New York. 



Mr I', by the advice of several of his friends, 

 will furnish plans of landscape and picturesque 

 gardens; he will communicate lo gentlemen 

 IV ho wish to see him, a collection of his draw- 

 ings of Cotlagps, Rustic Bridges, Dutch, Chi- 

 nese, Turkish, French Pavilions, Temples, 

 Hermitages, Rotundas, &c. For further partic- 

 ulars, inquiries personally, or by letter, address- 

 ed to him, post paid, will be attended lo. 



and leave them in a very unthritty state, which 

 is effectually corrected by Ihe mixture of roots, 

 and will also fatten them with the addition of a 

 small portion of meal. 



My method of cultivating these roots is as 

 follows : for these crops choose land which has 

 had some previous mellowing crops, such as 

 corn, potatoes, clover of one year's standing, fcc. 

 plough the ground in the fall or winter, in the 

 following manner: with two horses plough a 

 narrow furrow as deep as you can, then let a 

 second two horse team follow the tirst plough 

 in its furrow, with what we call a subsoil plough, 

 which loosens and pulverizes the subsoil in the 

 bottom of each furrow to the depth of six or 



From the JV. Y. Slateiman. 



TO WOOL GROWERS AND MANUFACTU- 

 RERS. 



It is well known that American and Saxony 

 wool do not make cloth of so fine a texture as 

 Ihe French and Spanish. The French, Saxony 

 and American sheep are all originally from 

 Spain ; yet the French and Spanish wool will 

 make cloth of finer texture, whilst that which 

 is fabricated from the Saxony and American is 

 uniformly loose and spongy. 



It is important lo the wool grower, as well as 

 the manulaclurer, that this delect sh' uld be re- 

 moved, preparatory lo which it will be neces- 

 sary to discover the cause. Ha\ ing turned my 

 attention to the subject, I submit the following 

 as at least a probable theory, which may be 

 easily tested by experiment. 



As the animal Irom vvhirh we obtain fine wool 

 I has the same origin in all countries, it is a 



eight inches more, and leaves Ihe pulverized | legitimate conclusion, ih^it the cause is not in 

 subsoil to be covered by the next furrow ofthe 

 two horse plough, and so on, leaving the good 

 soil on top, and mellow to Ihe depth of 12 or 

 14 inches, which is absolutely necessary to ihe 

 proditclinn of these tap-rooted vegetables; in 

 Ihe spring, as early as the ground is dry, cross- 

 plough in the same manner as above, ihen spread 

 on a good coat of well rotted manure, and 

 plough it in 4 inches deep, and harrow or scari- 

 fy until the ground is fine. 1 then proceed to 

 lay out the drills two feet apart by means of an 

 instrument madias follows: lake apiece of 

 oak scantling 4 by < inches, 7 feet long, into 

 wiiich bore I holes 2 feet apart, commencing 

 6 inches from the end, with h two inch auger, 

 ■■-to which drive strong pointed ;iins 7 inches 



Ihe wool, but in some difference in Ihe prepara- 

 tion subsequent lo shearing. The Spanl-h and 

 French wool is sorted as soon as the tincks are 

 I shorn — it is then scoured in hot water and pack- 

 ed ; in this state it remains for six or twelve 

 months before it is worked into cloth. The 

 Sa'ioos and Americans tvash their sheep before 

 shearing, and pack the wool with .ill its yolk 

 ami grease. It is said lo be an established fact, 

 that wool packed in ils yolk and grease will 

 continue to organize after it is so packed, aiul 

 that for a considerable lime — that is, a given 

 weight of wool packed in ils yolk and grease, 

 without scouring, will be Ibiind to contain moio 

 wool after being so packed for six months Ihnn 

 if '.;:oiired ivhen taken off Ihe sheep's back. I 

 lone, (beside the part in the head) to which oak ajjpi thend that the wncl formed after thf; tleece 

 pieces attach a pair of shafts and handles, and > j, |^,(;ef, (^£,0, i|,e living animal, is but imper- 

 by Ihe assistance of a horse, all the drills '"='}' feclly organized, that it is more greasy Ihan 

 be made of regular width, and of proper dept.i ■ gjenuine wool, and that in the process of fulling 

 to receive Ihe manure and seed, and then drill j^siejid of creeping into shorter Itngllis by ihe 

 in Ihe seed, which may be performed by mixing j (fj^ijon ofthe hammers, it h:i> a tendency lo 

 them with sifted wood, ashes or fine manure. ; jjjjg nver each other, making llie ground of 

 and drill both in together; if dropped by hand j (|,p cloth thick but not firm, 

 they must be covered with a mixture ol well j | j,, no( considiT this as an indubj labia theory^ 

 rotted manure, or rich eailh from the woods, j ygt 1 consider it so far reasonable as to deserve 

 both which will prevent a crust from forming [,.,„ experiment, which can easily be made by 

 over the seed and will promote the growth of i |,f,y of our wool-growers. 1 would recommend 

 the young plants, as soon as they are cleverly , djem, at their next shearing season, lo have a 

 up: weeds will also appear, and must be re- pnrt of ihcir fine wool sorted and scoured as 

 moved whilst in a red slate by boing and hand ygon as shorn. Let tliis be packed as soon as 

 picking; the parsnips and beets ought to be I jt is dry, and in four or six months afterwards 

 thinned to six inches, carrots to three inches, j |j„( jt in the hands of some skilful manufacturer 

 mangel wuilzel to twelve inches apart in the to test the result. llUi'.SON. 



rows. The next dressing may be performed by a 



t'mm the Jlmencan Farmer. 



ON TFIE CULriV.\T10N OF MANGEL- 

 WURTZRL, BEETS, PARSNIPS AND 

 CARROTS. 

 The three first thrive best on a deep moist 

 sandy loam, and as these crops are becoming 

 every year more important in i\c\i\ as well as 

 garden culture, and ibey having long since lieen 

 satisfactorily proven, not only lo be very use- 

 ful, but almost indispensable, in keeping slock 



small cultivator, and the last one may and ought 

 to be done to the depth of C or 8 inches, by the 

 subsoil plough, running it as near the rows of 

 plants as possible without disturbing their roots 

 by which means the congealing effects ofi 

 droughts are prevented, by keeping the ground 

 in fine mellow tilth all Ihe dry season; by giv- 

 ing them the finishing hoeing and cleansing alter 

 the subsoil plough, the crop is made; in this 

 way root crops may be raised in great (pianii- 

 lies, and at a very small expense, compared 

 with the usgal garden method-. 



ROBEIiT SINCLAIR. 



Prolific. — A Mr Chase of Sutton, Mass. has a 

 sheep which brought him the present stason, 



four ewe lambs all of which are livjng and doing (foreigQ manufactories 

 well. — IVor. Sptj. 



AtiRlCULTURE. 



As circumstances alter, there should be a cor- 

 responding change in Ihe policy and measures 

 of every vocation. The truth of this assertioa 

 will be evident lo all, on a litilo reflection. 



The design of the present remarks is to shoiv 

 Ihe necessity of some change in the articles of 

 produce among our farmers. Until within n. 

 few years, we have been almost exclusively an 

 agricultural and commercial people ; and the 

 attention of Ihe former class has been directed 

 lo those products most in demand by Ihe latter. 

 These have been principally beef, pork, butter, 

 cheese, and some other articles of provisirn.s 

 and raw materi.ils, suitable lor exporta'icii and 

 But Ihe case is now ve- 



