rublished by JOHN" B. RUSSEf.I., at the corner oi'Con;ress tin.J Mvirlall Htroolp, .Rofton.— 'iHOM AS &. KrHsr.NDKN, Fiii 



VOL. IV. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, MAY 



182(5. 



No. 4 ! . 



OaXGXNAI. G0£iS:iaUN£0ATlONS. 



. TO THE EDITOR OF TIIF. NEW EiNUI.AKD FARMEll. 



Sir. — In No. 3G, vol. iv. Ne>v Eni^lfind Farmer, ■ 

 " Breeds of Cattle," von have quoted from 1 

 " Memoirs of Ide Petinsyh anin Agrirnlniral So-; 

 cioly," pajje 74, certain " sclectidii?,"' which . 

 joii have erroneously ascribed to Cullev.* 



The chaplrr rroni which llie«e i«.:tracls arel 

 talien, is headed " Notice.* on C'allle, IVoni Law- 

 rence's, Parkinson''?, and Culicv's Trealinea on I 

 Live Siock — Bailey's Survey of Dnrhnm, — \ 

 Sirickiand's Snrvey of the Last Riding' of York- j 

 shire — and the General Report on the Slate ofj 

 Agriculinre, &c. in Scotland." j 



The various paragrajihs are designated in 

 snccessioii, Iiejrinnincr with Laurence, and end- 

 ing with the East Riiliiig oT Yorkshire. As the 

 extract from Culley hafpens to be at the head 

 of page 74, and the 



" EAST. RIDING OF VORKSIURe" 



ill the same P''PPi y"" aorribed to Ciilley, (he 

 extract taken I'roin " Strickland's Survey," 1812, 

 m;ide by order of the British Agncnltiiral Board. 

 The only extrart from Ciilley, is the paras^raph 

 itnmedialely preceding, viz.- '• The Ai.derney 



BREED IS ONLY TO BE WET WITH, ABOUT THE SEATS 

 OF OLR KOEILITY AND GENTRY, lipon aCCOUOt of 



their giving exceeding rich milk, lo snppori the 

 Inxnry of the tea table. &c. Injocil, if it was 

 ni4 (or the sake of method, and my believing 

 liicrn a distinct breed, 1 might have saved the 

 trnublft of naming them ai all; as I imagir/fd 

 this breed too delicate and tender ever lo be 

 ir.iich attended to by otir British farmers." 



In a former number of the New England 

 Farmer, in quoting Lawrence, page 615, an 

 error of the press is evident, f^awrencc say. 

 " Doubtless the fault I found with the form o( 

 llie Holderness oxen, ought in great measure to 

 be ascribed to the milkiness ot the breed or the 

 Alder.nev cross." Not to the " Holderness" 

 criss as it is given in the New England Farmer.! 



LatcTffjcc, pcgel-i. — The Alderney and Nor- 

 man Cattle. '• The cattle of the islands on the 

 French coast, are. 1 believe, collectively known 

 by the name of Alderney. 'I'iie.se are a variety 



OF, AND SMALLER THAN THE NoRMAN ; light red, 



yellow, dun, and fawn coloured ; short, wild- 

 homed, c/ecr-r.ecked, with a general resemblance 



TO TH-AT ANIMAL ; THIN, HARD, AND SMALL BONED ; 

 IRREGL'LARLY, OFTEN VERY AWKIVARDLY SHAPED. — 



This description refers chiefly to the cows. — 

 Thty are amongst the best milkers in the world 

 as to quality, and in that respect, are either be- 

 fore, or iuiniediately next to the Long Horn? ; 

 but m weight of butter for inches,}; they are tar 

 superior lo all."* * * * * u This species is, in 

 course, a proper cross for the large and coarse 

 boned, but in that view I should prefer the real 



, ♦'Ihep.-vge was headed " Culley on Live Stock;'' 

 and no other authov't name beiiig mentioned on that 

 page, nor (he following; one we supposed th< y were both 

 quoted from Cullf y, but observed that we had not seen 

 the original work. — Editor. 



t It should have been " Alderney Cross." — Eeitor. 



% Quere — How are Alderneys " in weight of butter" 

 and weight of (Icih, inproportion to /aorf.' 



Normans from the Continent, as generally bolter 

 shaped than the islander.s." 



.\s there has been much di-xtission, and some 

 misapprehension, on this finint, it may not be 

 improper to notice, that as Lawrence calls the 

 .Clilcnicy Cutlle, " a variety if and smoUer than llic 

 .'\'i/rwr(;!," and says, '■ I shou'tl prefer ilie real 

 Normans, as generally better shaped than Ihe 

 1 danders, it is very evident Iha! he did v.r.t coti 

 sider .'Vorincin and Alderney atillc the same. 



An extract appeared in a late number of ynnr 

 .'ournal. givina; the proibict of biittrr. milk, ai'.d 

 cheese from Hoi.mRM;?s, Long 11 Tned, Devon- 

 shire, Alderney, Devon and Holdr'rncss crossed, 

 Devon and Long Morn crossed, Devon and .M- 

 rierhe}' crossed breeds. It was given to shoiv, 

 liial the Devons were no! " cnntemptihh"'* as 

 milkers ; 3'et it is taken iVoTn the work of the 

 author, r-hose aulbority is 'o well established, 

 as not lo be questioned, and whiins you have 

 quojed on Devons, sayinu;, pa<;e ;j7, 



" As milkers, TIIEV are £0 FAR INFEnPOR TO 

 BOTH THE LONG AND SHORT HORN'S. VIZ. ROTH IN 



QiANTiTV AND QUALITY OF -MILK, that they arc ccr- 

 Inihly no objects for Ihe rcgtdar dairy, however 

 pleasing and convenient they may be in the pri- 

 vate fimily vvay. Yet ihey have been formerh 

 used with success at Kpping in Essex, in one or 

 11:1:0 instances ,- as a balance to which, thei/ are. 

 universally rejected by the dairies of their own and 

 the neighbouring connnef'^ 



!t appears that Sir Lawrence thinks with you 

 lh.it " one swallow does not m-ike a suminer," 

 fX ■.unur.ications to the British Hoard of Agrir.jil- 

 lure. vol. V. page 471. Dr Parry, a scientilii 

 and practical farmer, tracing lh(» evils of breed- 

 ing in. mentions the Norih Devon Cows, " long 

 fameil for a I'orm and disposition to fatten, which 

 makes them much sought t'or by the butcher and 

 a;razier. These cows however are .notorioi'sly 

 BAD 5ULKKRs,-,ind ^o ian-fu to the western fairs, m 

 gie.iler numbers than those of any other breed."' 



Much misunderstandfng has arisen from con- 

 founding various i'.iinilics of cattle called Shorl 

 Horns. Y^ju have quoted from Lawrence, page 

 G14, " tlie Teeswaler anil Durham are douhlless 

 settled and permanent breeds, eijually marked 

 and distinguished as the IIcldehnkss, and calcu- 

 lated for the production of flesh, as the latter 

 are for that of milk." And you have quoted 

 from the supplement to the Encvclopndia Bril- 

 anica. "• The Short Horned called the Dutch 

 breed, is kno»vn by a variety of names 



" Different families of this race are thus dis- 

 tinguished, by the names of the Holderness^ 

 Teeswater, Durham, Yorkshire, Northumber- 

 land and other breeds. And you have given 

 from Bailey's Survey. "It has been already 

 slated, that the shorl horned cattle were gre.it 

 milkers. This cannot be said ot the variety 

 >»hich has such an aptitude to fatten, for though 

 they give a great quantity for some time alter 

 calving, Ihey decline considerably afterwards. 

 Bui the variety of great milkers, is yet to be 

 iQund, wherever the dairy is the chief object, 

 ind this variety is as carefully preserved and 



* The passage to which we presume our correspon- 

 dent alludes, is as follows, " By this you will see the 

 Devojs ARE KOT BAD MILKERS." — EdITOR,, 



pursued as Ihe graziers do lliat ot lb" falting 

 tribe." 



f,trick!(i-«d's Surrey of (he East Ridirgpf York- 

 shire, paje 22'.!, speaking of liip Hrdderncss 

 cows. '•■• r.liiny indeed in;:y be found which a'nc 

 " eight gafifius per day, ar.i! th.-re are instances 

 " of a sliU grealer qn.-.ntity. The milk is also 

 " rich in qnaiiiy. v." there are instanres of six- 

 " teen pountN cf bijCer (l.T ounces to I be pnni d) 

 " being prcdiicpd weekly from one cow (or sev- 

 " eral woeh? afirr cjilvini?." 



i am not aware, that it ha.-, b.^en qnrslir.ncd 

 cither in Ensbind or America, lliat many fami- 

 lies of Ihe fatting tribe, are not good milkers. — 

 Mr Whitakcr, who is perhaps more successful 

 llian any gentleman in Great Britain, who gives 

 his attention to breeding ca'.lle, confirms this 

 impression, b':t he conlends, there are many 

 families of hish bred imjiroved shnit horns, 

 which afford large quantities of milk, i. e. tVoin 

 24 to 'M quarts p'cr day, which readily become 

 fat, when dry; and that there are eerlaiii indi- 

 vidmds, allhoHgb not many, which carry much 

 flesh uhilst yielding milk — and of this kind, Mr 

 Coales name.s among others, VVesiurii Lady, in 

 Mr Whitaker's herd. As the keeper of Ibu 

 Herd Book, and a breeder so successful, as lo 

 have nbtaintii .000 guineas for a bull, as early 

 as IftOS, prior loCidling's sale, he must bo con- 

 sidered a competent judge. j[See Strickland's 

 Snrvey, page 22.S.) 



The Rev. jMr Eejry, of Acton Rectory, Eng- 

 land, a gentleman of great sagacity and much 

 Zeal, sbttes'm bjs pamphlet entitled "Improved 

 Short Horns nnd their Prelcjisions, IC-'T' that 

 he ascertained upon the spot, that Y'ellow Rose 

 srave at 4 years old, 4 g;illons 3 quarts — Red 

 Daisy 4 gallons — Magdalena 4 gallons--- Western 

 Lady 3 gallons, 2 quarts — Venus IG years old, 3 

 gallons ] quart — Alfrede 3 gallons— Adela ftrst 

 calf 3 gallons, wine measure, twice a day — 

 that they are steady mi'.kers possessing great 

 inclination lo fatten, and Mr Whilaker cannot 

 be too highly complimented upon his successlu! 

 exertion lo combine the two qualities. 



But neither Mr Berry, nor a^y other man, 

 ivho has ivritten. upon Ihe subject, has contend- 

 ed, that all Ihe Breeders of Improved Short 

 Horns in England, have endeavoured \o unite 

 the two properties; or that all the cows bro't 

 lo America, with shorl horns, and long tales, 

 have pretensions to Ihe excellence, of either the 

 " grazing, or milking tribe." 



Memoirs of the Pennsytcv ia .Igricidlvral So- 

 ciety, p. 50. " 1 have had within a year or two 

 twelve imported animals, and I can exhibit I 

 "think, in Ihe best blood of Mr Wetherell's, Mr 

 " Curwen's, and Mr Champion's folds some es- 

 "senlial points marked by Ihe i)eculiar views 

 "of the respective breeders." 



Whilst Wr C. Collings more anxiously sought 

 properties fitted for the Grarier, other Breeder? 

 Mr Charge, Mr Whilaker, and Mr Donkin, &c. 

 obtained the properties tilled for the dairy, in 

 combination, as nearly as [iraclicable, with those 

 adapted to Ihe stall. Mr Curiven, a gentleman 

 of great landed estate, devoted lo the agricultu- 

 ral interest, in all his efforts in parliament, nt\A 

 sedulously einployed ia persoQcilly superintend- 



