28 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



[No. 1 



other japan plants, ligneous and herbaceous, 

 proves to be quite hardy. fVistaria sinensis, 

 Magnolia conspicua, and Illicium anisalum, from 

 China, and Chimonanihusfragrans, from Japan, 

 are also as hardy as any oi' our natives, and will, 

 in consequence, in all future time, prove conspi- 

 cuous ornaments iu British gardens. The lesson 

 which the young gardener lias to learn from these 

 liicts is, that it is not enough lor liim to know 

 the general principles of plant culture, as taught 

 in books, and practised in British gardens; but 

 that it is nearly equally necessary for him to have 

 a knowledge of the geographical range, and of 

 the soil, and the elevation above the sea, as far as 

 these can be obtained, of every foreign plant 

 which is committed to his care. 



quisite, in order that affairs may be kept in toie- 

 able order. 



From Loudon's Gardener's Magazine. 

 BREAD WITHOUT YEAST. 



A baker in London has just taken out a patent 

 for the manufacture of a light bread, the qualities 

 of which depend neither upon leaven nor yeast. 

 He substitutes for these materials bicarbonate of 

 soda and hydrochloric acid, in such quantities as 

 to enable the acid to combine with the soda, and 

 thus form common salt; while the carbonic acid is 

 disengaged, swells the ^bugh, and gives it that 

 spongy appearance which characterizes light 

 bread. The lollovving is the manner of operat- 

 ing:— 



To 7 lbs, of wheaten flour mix from 350 to 500 

 grains of bicarbonate of soda, and nearly a bottle 

 and a half of distilled water. In another vessel, 

 the necessary quantity of acid (120 to 460 grains 

 of muriatic acid of the shops are, in general, ne- 

 cessary) is mixed in about half a botllelul of wa- 

 ter. It is indispensable to dilute the dough well 

 with the solution of soda; and, when all is well 

 prepared, the acid is poured on it. Pastry may 

 be treated in the same manner. The quantity of 

 bicarbonate used varies with the degree of light- 

 ness required lor the paste. 



From the Journal of Commerce. 

 BROOMS. 



A cargo of corn brooms has been landed here 

 during the last week, from George-town, D. C. 

 Messrs. Geo. C. Mason & Co., have established 

 a factory there, capable of turning out a thousand 

 a day, and they have already obtained sufficient 

 attention to the matter by the fiirmers in the 

 neighborhood to furnish them with great quan- 

 tities of corn of a fine and long fibre, surpassing, 

 it seema to us, that which is grown under the 

 most favorable circumstances at the north. The 

 brooms are ver}'^ neatly manufactured, so that any 

 young lady might well be proud to be seen every 

 day with one of them in her hand. We are glad 

 to see the rivalry of the south against the north 

 in some of these Yankee notions. Besides, we 

 do not know that there is a more appropriate place 

 in the country for an establishment of this kind, 

 than the District of Columbia; for there, more than 

 slsewhere, a thorough sweeping out is often re- 



From the Southern Agriculturalist. 



CORRESPONDENCE AND REPORT ON THE DE- 

 FECTS CALSED BY BAD MANAGEMENT OF 

 FINE SEA-ISLAND {OR LONG STAPLE) COT- 

 TON. 



Charleston, S. C. Sept. 21s/, 1838. 

 Messrs Browns & Welsman, — 



Gentlemen: — We beg to direct your attention, 

 and that of your friends, who are growers of fine 

 sea-island cotton, to the subject of the annexed 

 letter, addressed to our friends in Manchester, by a 

 highly respectable house engaged in the fine 

 spinning [trade. We are all aware of the objec- 

 able feature in fine sea-island, of which not 

 only the above house, but also all the other fine 

 spinners have repeatedly complained; and we 

 trust you will agree with us in deeming the sub- 

 ject of sufficient importance to be submitted at 

 once to the notice of our planters. Their known 

 skill and perseverance may devise some means of 

 abating, if not removing altogether, the evil point- 

 ed out. Accompanying the annexed, we have 

 samples of the ditierent styles of preparation, 

 from ihe most faulty to that which is referred to 

 as a specimen of the perfect; and we invite you to 

 call and examine them. Requesting you will aid 

 us in giving circulation to the annexed. 



We remain very respectfiilly, your obt. evt's, , 

 GouRDiNj Matthiessen & Co. 



Manchester, (Eng.) August 2, 1838. 



We have often, in conversation with you, ex- 

 pressed our regret, that the growers of fine sea- 

 islands, in so many instances, injured their cotton, 

 by stringing and matting it in the getting up; and 

 in hope of^ drawing their attention to the sub- 

 ject through the medium of your house, we beg 

 to trouble you with the following observations. 



Fine cotton yarn is esteemed in proportion as 

 the thread is uniform in substance, free from 

 lumps, and strong. The latter has been decided- 

 ly improved by the introduction of the select seed 

 cotton, but the levelness of the thread has been 

 impaired rather than otherwise, and this arises 

 from ihe multitude of small white specks, or nit- 

 ters, with which the staple of the finer and softer 

 kinds of sea-islands, and the select cotton seed 

 particularly abounds. 



In examining these nitters through a micro- 

 scope, we find them in general composed of kinds 

 of fibres, presenting an appearance much resem- 

 bling the misletoe plant in this country, and lor 

 some time, we feared they were excrescences pe- 

 culiar to the fine fibre, and inseparable from it; 

 but the two recent samples of beautifiilly fine se- 

 lect seed cotton, sent us by you, are so free from 

 this defect, that we have now a strong impression 

 they are chiefly produced by an overhandling in 

 the getting up; at least, we can multiply such 

 nitters here, by mismanagement in the cleaning 

 process; and, we have no doubt, the same effect 

 is produced in America. We would, therefore, 

 strongly urge the planter's attention to this point; 

 for, in all cotton goods, such as gauze, muslins 

 and laces, it takes immensely from their value 



