1839] 



FARMERS' REGISTER 



81 



From these facts, added to the wonderful ma- 

 chinery, which enable a workman now to perform 

 the work required of two or three hundred men, 

 sixty years ago; the increase of population in 

 those countries, where the finest goods are used, 

 and the decrease in the rates of duties in Great 

 Britain, it was reasonable to infer, that an aug- 

 mentation of price, in some measure, proportional 

 to the diminished production, would have taken 

 place. From 1821 to 1829, inclusive, when the 

 average export was 11,016,418 lbs, the average 

 price in Liverpool was 19d. From 1830 to 183-5 

 (excluding 1833, the export of which year is un- 

 Known to the committee) when the average ex- 

 port was reduced to 8,208,194 lbs., the average 

 price was a low as IT^^d.f The committee have 

 been unable to procure the official account of the 

 exports for 1836 '37, '38. They believe, however, 

 it would be safe to say, that the product of last 

 year, and the year preceding, was over six mil- 

 lions of pounds. Hence, if this be true, the two 

 united was considerably less than the single crop 

 of 1826, and but little more than either that of 

 1821 or of 1S22. The present crop, it is confi- 

 dently believed, will not exceed, if it eqaul, the 

 last.f Although the compromise on the tariff 

 question, in 1833, gave an impetus in the cotton 

 trade and manulacture, which, by a salutary re- 

 action, raised the price of the great product of our 

 industry very considerably; yet, it is nevertheless 

 true, that from meagre liarvests, especially in 

 1836 and '37, over 4 per cent, has not been real- 

 ized by the planter. The crop of 1821, which 



*Number of pounds of sea-island cotton exported in 

 1S21 11,344,066 1830 8,147,165 



1822 11,250,634 1831 8,311,762 



1823 12,136,688 1832 8,743,373 



1824 9,525,722 1833 



1825 9,655,278 1834 8,085,935 



1826 5,972,852 1835 7,755,736 



1827 15,140,798 1836 



1828 11,288,419 1837 



1829 12,83.'?,307 



Average. Average. 



tl821, 12|to30d. 2U 18.30, 11^ to 20d. 16d. 



1822, 10 28 19 1831, 9^ 18 13| 



1823, 11 24 17i 1832, H 18 133 



1824, Hi 27 19ji 18.33, 10^ 22 16| 



1825, 15 42 28i 1834, 13J 26 192 



1826, 10 30 20 1835, 14 33 24A 



1827, 95 20 14J 1836, 14 36 25 



1828, 10 22 16 1837, 12 40 26 



1829, 9 21 15 



2s. lid. per cwt. In 1821 the duty was six per 

 cent. ad. val. 



The table from which the above (to 1833) is taken, 

 was published in 1833, by Messrs. George Holt & Co., 

 of Liverpool. It exhibits the extreme prices of cot- 

 ton and wool in that place, from 1806 to 1835 inclu- 

 sive. The statement of prices from 1834 to 1836 in- 

 clusive, is extracted from a Liverpool circular, pub- 

 lished in January last. The difference between the 

 extreme prices has been assumed as the medium 

 price. What the average price really was, cannot, 

 with certainty, be stated. 



JAt a meeting of the Agricultural Society, held on 

 the 12th Nov., it was unanimously resolved, that the 

 members forthwith furnish a statement of the probable 

 product of their cotton crop, which resulted in the 

 average of 64 lbs. per acre. This was intended to be 

 appended to the report of the committee and publish- 

 ed. The reported average last year, was 76 lbs. per 

 acre. 



was over 11 millions of pounds, brought 2l\d.; 

 that of 1836 and of '37, united, amounling, it is 

 presumed, to about 12 millions of pounds, com- 

 manded only the average price of 25d. 



The committee are aware that, in consequence 

 of the interest of money, and the profits of capi- 

 tal having fallen almost universally in Great Bri- 

 tain, every branch of industry in other countries, 

 in any wise dependent on the skill, enterprise, or 

 capital of that commercial and manuliacturing 

 power, has also sufi'ered. Without adverting, 

 however, to the numerous causes which are at 

 hand, for the anomaly which the statistical infor- 

 mation, presented in this report, so clearly esta- 

 blishes, one only of the most prominent the com- 

 mittee would name — the practice of nuxing the 

 different sorts of cotton together. There is no 

 kind, except the fincrdescriptions, says Mr.Baines, 

 which is now confined to any exclusive purpose. 

 The long staple is generally used for the twist or 

 wrap, and the short staple for the wef>. In this 

 way, the black seed is made to participate in the 

 changes, which, no matter fiorn what cause, 

 mark the market value of the green seed. This, 

 perhaps, is the strongest reason why a more de- 

 cided inequality in price, between the fine and su- 

 perfine qualities of' long staple cotton, ought to 

 exist; to which may be added, the variety ol' uses 

 to which the Ibrmer, alone or mixed, are applica- 

 ble. From these considerations, it is apparent, 

 that, in relation to those two descriptions of vege- 

 table wool, the one is really worth from two to 

 three-fold more than the other, instead of from 30 

 to 50 per cent., which continues to be paid.* 



In our unremitted eflbrts to produce the finest 

 cottons in the world, sad experience shows, that 

 we are engaged in an unprofitable enterprise. It 

 is annually proven, that the cultivator of the com- 

 mon qualities, realizes a much larger interest on 

 his capital, than he who can readily command 70 

 or 80 cents per pound for his crop. So general is 

 this persuasion, that the raising of hardy and pro- 

 ductive plants, without reference to the texture of 

 the wool, is now the main object of our desire. 



All which is respectfully submitted by 



WlIlTKMARSH B. SeABROOK, ^ 



John Jknkins, > Com. 



Geore W. Seabrook, ) 



From tlie American Farmer, 

 MR, I1VGERS0I.l's PIGGERY. 



[We have the satisfaction to publish the follow- 

 ing account of the most perfect system of breed- 

 ing swine, that has fallen under our observation. 

 We have visited the establishment which it dc- 



* One pound of cotton usually makes 8 yards of 

 coarse muslin, and is then increased in value from the 

 raw cotton, eight-fold. Eut, if spun in the finest yarn, 

 it is worth 5 guineas, and in 17S0, if woven into mus- 

 lin and tamboured, was worth £ 15. It may now be 



converted into a ))iece of l;ice, worth 100 guineas. 



Report of the Secretary of the Treasury^ 1836. 



The finest quality of sea-island cotton, remarks Mr. 

 Baines, in ordinary state of the market, is worth three 

 times as much as the common quality of the same 

 class, The varieties in qiiaiit_y, in most of the other 

 denominations, is from 20 tu 25 per cent , and in none 

 of them is more than 50 per cent. 



