60 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



[Nov 1 



MuLLiw, Verbascum, quasi barbascum, from 

 the leaves being rough and bearded, Ey olhers 

 il is called Candelc regia Lychnitis, because ils 

 leaves are used instead ol' cotton in a lamp. And 

 it is also called P/domos gr. \romJiego gr. to burn 

 lor the same reason. The .seed should be sown in 

 August, in drills, each seed about six inches asun- 

 der, and in the spring transplanted in a warm 

 light situation. 



Mug WORT, jfrtemisia wife of Mausolus, king 

 oi" Curia, who first brought it into use, or Parthe- 

 nis as it was before called, because supposed that 

 a virgin goddes, gave name to it; or Jirtcmis gr. 

 Diana, because good for the disorders of women. 

 This plant is propagated by parting the roots, 

 either in spring or autumn, and will grow in any 

 soil or situation. They spread very much, to pre- 

 vent which their side shoots should be cut; I'rom 

 one species of this the moxa is got, being the La- 

 nugo or downy substance under the leaf 



Onion, Cepe. There are three sorts for winter 

 use; cepe oblonga, or Strasburg, vulgo cepe vul- 

 garis, Jloribus and tunicis purpurescenlibus or 

 red Spanish onion, and \?ls,\\y cepe jloribus and iu- 

 nicis candidis, or the white Spanish onion, by 

 some the stomere. There are other sorts which 

 suit the spring and summer seasons best, those are 

 cepe ascalonica, from jlscaton, a city in India, or 

 the scallion or escallion. The cives or cepula the 

 young onion. The Welsh onion, and lastly the 

 ciboule. The three first sorts should be sown 

 in February, the first open weather, or beginning 

 of March at farthest, and in about six weeks your 

 onions will be up, and ought to be weeded. The 

 rows should be about 12 or 18 inches asunder if 

 sown in drills, which is the best method, and the 

 plants should be drawn to be about 5 or 6 inches 

 apart. This may be no loss, because they will serve 

 with young salad in the spring. About the middle 

 or latter end of July your plants will be ripe, which 

 may be discovered by ihe dropping down orshrink- 

 ing of the blades, then they should be drawn 

 up, and the extreme |)art of the blades should be 

 cropped off, and the plants laid on the ground to 

 dry. They should be turned at least every other 

 day, otherwise they will strike fresh root, espe- 

 cially in moist weather. In about a fortnight 

 they will be sufficiently dried, you are then to rub 

 off all the earth and take care to remove all that 

 are any ways decayed, and the sound ones laid as 

 thin as possible, in some room orgarret as close from 

 the air as possible, and at least once a month look 

 over them, to see if any of them are decayed, for 

 if any are so, they will affect the rest, or if too 

 near one another, or in heaps, they will heat and 

 probably ruin the whole crop. The white onion 

 is the sweetest, though all ihe three sorts will de- 

 generate into one another in the course of time. 

 In March you should dig a trench, and put soaie 

 of your most flourishing plants about six inches 

 deep, and as far asunder, into if, which should be 

 covered over with a rake, and in about a month's 

 time the leaves will appear above ground, and 

 when your plants begin to head, they should be 

 supported by stakes and pack-thread or yarn, 

 otherwise they will be very liable to be injured by 

 the winds. These will produce your seed, about 

 August, which may be known by the seeds chang- 

 ing brown, and the bells where the seed is con- 



tained, opening. The heads should be critically 

 cut, otherwise the seed will be dropped, and when 

 cut, the heads should be exposed to the sun, and 

 eheliered in the night and wet weather; and when 

 sufficiently dry they should be rubbed out, and 

 after being exposed one day more to the sun, may 

 be put into bags and preserved for the following 

 year. The scallion is a small onion, and is sown 

 early in the spring, and never forms any bulb, and 

 is used green in the spring with young salads. 

 The ciboule and Welch onion are thought to be 

 Ihe same by Mr. Miller. 



The Cives never grows into bulbs, but in bunch- 

 es, and Miller takes it to be shalot. They don't 

 grow above six inches high in the blade. They 

 are to be propagated by parting the Foots or plant- 

 ing the cloves. They don't effect the breath so 

 much as the other sorts. The Welch onion at 

 some seasons o( the year (viz: in the fall) diea 

 away, but revives in January, and becomes very 

 early in the spring fit for the table. 



Garlick, u^llium from Aleo gr. to shun from 

 its scent, should be propagated by planting the 

 bulbs in August or September, about 5 inches 

 asunder. These die about July, and then should 

 be taken up and hung in a dry room lor winter 

 use. All these several sorts delight in a rich sandy 

 soil, and eight pounds of seed will sow an acre. 

 When sown, they should be trod; so should they 

 be treated wlien they run too much into blade, in 

 order to throw their substance into the bulb, and 

 when trod they ought to be covered with fresh 

 mould. The seed for sowing should never be 

 wet, because it will shoot out its radicle, and never 

 succeed afterwards. 



Parsley, vide celery. 



Parsnip, Pusiinaca fi-om Pastus, fed, be- 

 cause its plant is edible. The seed should be 

 sown about February or IMarch, in light ground 

 dug pretty deep, and may be mixed with carrots; 

 though Miller advises against mixing with any 

 thing else, because, they spread very much in 

 the latter end of summer. They should be kept 

 very clear of weeds, and should be drawn to about 

 10 or 12 inches asunder. When the leaves be- 

 gin to decay, which will be about February, after 

 li-osts, they should be dug up and put into dry 

 sand, which will preserve them till April. They 

 are not sweet till bit by the frosts. In order to 

 have seed, your strongest plants should be planted 

 out in the spring, and in August or beginning of 

 September your seed ivill be ripe. You must then 

 cut off' the heads, and let them be exposed to the 

 sun three days, in order to dry them, after which 

 they should be beat out, and put up for use. Seed 

 are not to be trusted after a year old. 



Peas, Pisum, from P(sa a city, where it an- 

 ciently grew in great plenty, or fi^om Pcscn gr. 

 he fell, formed from the verb Pipto gr. because 

 this i)lant, if not supported, will fall to the ground. 

 'J'here are several sorts of pease, and which have 

 diflerent properties, some being early, and others 

 late. There are the Charlton-hotspur, Reading- 

 hotspur, and master-hotspur, but are very little 

 different from each other. These are the earliest, 

 and are reckoned much preferable in flavor to any 

 other kind. These should be sown in November, 



