1839] 



FARMERS' REGISTER 



505 



part performed over an open fire without danjrer 

 of injury ; it may be completed by placing tlie eva- 

 poraiiijir pan in a ve,ssel of water itept at, about 

 150° oi" Falirenheii's thermometer. When this 

 is perlbrmed early in the season, or by talcinfj^ 

 beets wliirii have been li-ozen and dried at the 

 proper time, there will not be the smallest portion 

 of molasses produced, the whole of the sugar 

 beintr crysiallizable. In very cold weather, a large 

 part of the water may be removed in the form of 

 ice, by allowlnff it to lieeze, and nu:ch labor and 

 luel lie thus saved. 



When ihc clarified simp is sufilciently concen- 

 trated, small brilliant crystals will appear upon the 

 siiles and bollom of the vessel, and a crust soon 

 forms over the surface of the liquor; the crystals 

 go on increasing in size, and that portion of the 

 sirop from which the air is excluded continues in a 

 per((»ctly clear and liquid state; but if the eirop be 

 at this lime stirred, it becomes opaque, and of 

 milky whiteness; a deposition of fine white sugar 

 then tak-es place, and whatever of" impurity may 

 have remained in the liquor will rise to the surface; 

 this portion crystallizes more slowly iharr the other, 

 but by drawin<r it off, and again exposing it to heat, 

 it will readily form good suirar. 



Having thus liilly described the process which 1 

 have devised tor the manuficturing of beet sugar, 

 I do hereby declare, that what ! claim as my in- 

 vention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is 

 the preparing of the beets for the subsequent steps 

 of the process, by exposing them, in thin slices, to 

 the action of frost, alter which they may be di- 

 rectly thawed, and submitted to pressure; or they 

 may be dried by a current of cold air, and treated 

 in the manner set forth, at any convenient time; 

 it being always observed that when the process 

 for the extraction of the suirar is commenced, it 

 must be completed without delay, as upon this de- 

 pends the ability to produce the sugar without mo- 

 lasses, and without the emplo^^ment of lime to 

 correct acidity. Joseph Huro, Jr. 



The foregoing specification promises much for 

 the benefit of sugar-beet culturists, and we ear- 

 nestly hope that it may perform all that is pro- 

 mised. Nor are our wishes for the success of this 

 new industry made the less earnest, because it will 

 be best prosecuted under the climate of the north- 

 ern states, and may not be profitable in the south ; 

 or because one strong ground I'or urging the cul- 

 ture, by some, is not so much to benefit the north- 

 ern agricultural interest, as to injure that of the 

 south. However, we welcome all real improve- 

 ments, without regard to the motives for introdu- 

 cing them, or to what portion of our great territory 

 may receive the benefit. 



But however beneficial the mode described 

 above may be, we cannot understand upon what 

 ground can be claimed for it the privilege of being 

 secured by a-patent light, which would not equally 

 apply to any other improved and profitable process 

 in agriculture or domestic economy. It seems to 

 us that at least as good ground of claims for patent 

 rights might have been presented by Gideon B. 

 Smith (Ibr example) lor the use of his discovery 

 Vol. VII 61 



that muiticauiis trees could be propagated by small 

 cuttings— by JMr. Herbemont, Ibr making wine by 

 adding sugar instead of spirit— and by hundreds of 

 other discoverers of valuable agricultural improve- 

 ments. According to this view, the editor has lost 

 the chance of gaining some hundreds of thou- 

 sands of dollars by failing to secure a patent right 

 Ibr directing and permitting the manuring with 

 shell marl ; and also the chance of thereby giv- 

 ing a ten-lbid greater impulse to the improve- 

 ment of the soil, inasmuch as most persons 

 will eagerly buy instruction, which they will not 

 accept or profit by, when offered to them, and 

 urged upon them, gratuitously. Therefore, (and 

 waiving all claim to profit individually by the new 

 application of the principle,) it is important to ag- 

 ricultural and general interests that it should be 

 known what agricultural improvements may and 

 what may not be secured by patent right privi- 

 leges, and which may thereby be made commodi- 

 ties for market, and the subjects of profitable sale. 

 If acted upon universally, the mode would beat 

 least fair for all individuals concerned ; and better 

 for them and the public, if bought knowledge and 

 improvements continue to be sought and prized 

 far above what is given without expectation or de- 

 sire of remuneration. Then, in addition to buy- 

 ing the right of using improved machines and im- 

 plements to execute certain processes, we shall sell 

 and buy the right to execute the processes them- 

 selves, whether they be for such humble objects 

 as the more economically feeding silk- worms, pre- 

 serving potatoes or pumpkins, or harvesting corn, 

 or for such important improvements as may change 

 the face and double the products of agriculture, 

 through extensive regions. Then, too, agricultural 

 journals will change their character, and become 

 liir more profitable to their publishers. For in- 

 stead of publishing articles of instrhction, obtained 

 at the publishers' cost, and which few persons 

 now care to read and profit by, they will be filled 

 with paid advertisements and indirect pufl^s of the 

 same purport and object, but the printing of which 

 will be a source of immediate and direct profit to 

 the publisher, instead of being at his costt. 



, SWINE IN A FRUIT ORCHARD. 



From the Gcncscu Farmer. 



JVlr. Phillips, in a letter ])ublished in the Mem- 

 oirs of the Pennsylvania Agricultural .Society, thus 

 sp'eaks of the beneficial results of allowing swme 

 to run among fi'uil trees : 



" For several years past my family have been 

 su|)plied with the finest plums by a neighbor, who 

 is the only person I know of who has had uniform 

 success with them. Last year while his trees were 

 in full bearing 1 carefully examined them particu- 

 ar'y as respected their culture and local situation, 

 and 1 Ibund that no uncommon pains had been 



