1839] 



FARMERS' REGISTER 



707 



and ihe crueliy which is necessarily exorcised to 

 get then) to siand |)ro|)Crly is very great indeed, 

 and which, by lying np. might be totaiiy removed, 

 and is the cause of liie great complaint which ex- 

 ists of the bruised and ihe wildness of the differ- 

 ent animals when pascjing through the streets. I 

 will describe simply the manner in which it arises. 

 Perhaps more than an hour's violence has been 

 exercised towards the cattle, to get ihem to stand 

 about twenty in each circle — ^and during the' whole 

 oTthis time they are beaten, now about the hoclvs. 

 and then about the head. IJ' the liead turns out- 

 ward, they are beaten about the head till they are 

 turned inward. Tlie great cause of' the inhu- 

 manity described arises from this circumstance, 

 that when a bullock is driven, perhaps from the 

 centre of the market, by the butchers' drovers, 

 that bi^Ilock will run into live, six, seven, eight, or 

 nine of tlie droves belbre he gets out o!' the mar- 

 ket : perhaps in every one of the droves that bul- 

 lock is beat upon the head for ten minutes belbre 

 he can be got nut of it again, and then lie runs lo 

 another drove, from the circumstance of having 

 been so beat about in the early part of the morn- 

 ing. Consequently, perhaps, this bullock ie beat 

 out of ten droves belijre he gets out of the market, 

 to the very great injury of the animal. He is ot- 

 ten beaten nearly or quite blind ; and when it jrets 

 into the public streets, the bullock, irritated by the 

 violence committed, scarcely conscious where he 

 is, runs at any thing, or over every' thing, or 

 through every thing. All this would br; entu'ely 

 prevented, if there were room to tie each bullock 

 separately up.' " 



We subjoin, in connexion with this, an account 

 of an undertaking of an opulent and benevolent in- 

 dividual, Mr. Perkins, who, at the expense of 

 100,000/., has erected a cattle-market, in the Lower 

 Road at Ishngton, which will contain double the 

 iiumberof cattle usually exhibited in Smithfield,aud 

 render the cruelties there practised in ihepackingof 

 ihem, no longer necessary. The t)uilding, so far as 

 it has proceeded, was first thrown open to the in- 

 spection of the public, on the 13ih oi' Sept., 1833. 



" The new mart stands upon an area of 22 acres, 

 immediately abutting upon the Lower Road, Isling- 

 ton. The situation is airy and healthy, and is pe- 

 culiarly appropriate for the purpose, ^s it is on the 

 high road lor the northern and eastern parts of the 

 country, whence the principal supply of cattle lor 

 the London market comes. An immense s(]uare 

 is enclosed by high walls, around which are erected 

 a continuous range of slated sheds, supported by 

 244 Doric i)illars, under which the cattle may at 

 all times be protected from the severity of the wea- 

 ther. These sheds are subdivided into numerous 

 compartments, with lairs enclosed by oak paling 

 in front, lo which the beasts may be either fasten- 

 ed, or allowed to be at liberty, so as to be conve- 

 niently subject to the examination of the purcha- 

 sers. In each lair their is a water-trough, con- 

 stantly supplied with fresh wateir, by means of 

 pipes passing underground, from two immense 

 tanks, which are kept filled by machinery from ca- 

 pacious wells whicii have been sunk for the purpose. 

 The average length of the sheds is 830 feet, and 

 they are ca|)ablc vf accommodatinc: at least 4,000 

 beasts, and here they u^ay remain I'rom one mar- 

 ket-day to another, or till such times as it may be 

 convenient for the purchasers to remove them — an 

 advantage wholly impracticable at Smithfield. 



"The open space in the cenf."e is divided into 

 four quadrangles, intersected l>y wide passages^ 

 and in these quadrangles are to be erected sheep- 

 pens (the materials for which are all ready), ca- 

 pable of holding 40,000, so placed as to be ap- 

 proached with perfect facility. Other pens are 

 constructed lljr calves, pigs, and such animals as 

 are usua'ly brought for sale al the cattle-markel, 

 upon an obviously simple classification, so as to 

 avoid confusion or irregularity of any sort. 



" Every necesssary office lor salesmen and clerks 

 of the market will be erected in a large area in the 

 centre, and the ingress is obtained through a large 

 arched passage imder the market-house, a fine 

 substantial building, with appropriate offices on 

 eaclT side for check-clerks, and with accommoda- 

 tion up stairs, either for the counting-houses of 

 bankers, or public meetings connected with the_ 

 business of the establishment. To the leads of 

 this house the visitors proceeded, and froni thence 

 a full view of the whole market was obtained, as 

 well as of the surrounding country; at once show- 

 ins the perfect appropriateness and unobjectionable 

 character of ilie site, which, in point of extent, is 

 four times larger than Snfnhfield. The piers and 

 layers are all to be paved, if we may use the ex- 

 pression, with hard bricks; and the drainage is so 

 contrived as to ensure perlect cleanliness in the 

 most nnfrtvorahie weather. 



"^'/6a/foirs. — Adjoining the market it is intended 

 to erect abattoirs for slaughtering cattle of every 

 description; in which persons may either be accom- 

 modated with private slauiihter-houses, or have 

 the animals slaughtered under appointed inspec- 

 tors at a certain fixed and moderate rate ; so that 

 all the expense, inconveifience, and mischiefarising 

 from the present mode of driving the cattle through 

 the crowded streets on the market-day may be 

 avoided. 



" A market tavern, with stable-yard, stables, and 

 sheds, capable of accommodating the horses of the 

 iVequenters of tl\e market, is also to be erected, to- 

 gether with a ranire of shops for the sale of such 

 things as are calculated to meet the wants of the 

 various classes who may be drawn to the spot by 

 their respective avocations. Every possible want 

 has in fact been foreseen ; and, as the place is now 

 open for inspection, the public have an opportunity 

 of judging of its utility by personal observation." 



THE I.,OND0S DAiniEB. 



From Youatt'g Treatise on Cattla. 

 The dairies ofthe metropolis areoi)jectsof much 

 interest to the stranger and lo the agriculturist. In 

 pursuit of the object of this work, we travelled 

 over the greater part ofthe United Kingdom ; and 

 although we often had no other recommendation 

 than the simple statement ofthe purport of our 

 journey, we met with very few cases of incivility 

 or of unwillinizncss to s'we us the fullest informa- 

 tion ; but when we returned to our usual residence, 

 and where we expected most facility in the attain- 

 ment of our object, we will not say that the refu- 

 sal to admit us was accompanied by rudeness, but 

 the gate of the dairy remained closed. This was 

 the case with our overgrown milk establishments. 

 It was a species of illiberaliiy on which we had not 

 calculated ; but it mattered little, for we had seea: 



