iSI)C iTavmer's iHcint!)lij IJisitor. 



15 



ami a Ibiiitli iiiethoil, lliat coiiuiiouly prat li.-i<'il, 

 is lo stal) till! aiiiiiKil in llie cljest. Ouu lut'laii- 

 clioly siglil liillinvs llic deallis of two or llirci; 

 liorses. Tlii' .'■loiitrst of the victiius next to fall 

 is made to druvv the newly t^luiii bodies lo the 

 scene of the iillerioi- o|)eralions. 



The hail- of the main and lail is removed be- 

 fore dealh, bnt the wretched hacks liave usnally 

 lost or been slripped of those a|ij.eiidages before 

 comiiiiT to iMontliineon. When a(-cuniulaled in 

 qnaritilies, ihe hair is sold to saddlers and chair- 

 makers. The skins of horses are of course soli! lo 

 tuimers. Of the blood of the horses no nse is 



^ made, tbon^'h men of science have reconnncnded 

 lis cMnpliiymenl in llie mannliiclnre of Prussian 



' blue, lor which |iur|]0se ox blooil is in jjreat de- 



mand. Tlie tlesh is the next point. In I73!l, an 

 oiilinance was revived, inlerdiciinj; its sale in 

 I'.nis as liuinan food. Dnrina: the times of the 

 revolinionary scarciiy, limvever, horse flesh was 

 lari^ly used in ihe capital, and many, who look no 

 oilier animal food for six monihs, felt not the 

 sli:;htest injmy from it. The open use of it did 

 not eeuse till IS03. In 1811, a lime of scarciiy, 

 inanv bulcberswere caught makinj; market of it; 

 and soon alieruanl, ibe medical men baviujj; de- 

 clared (he fl<sb of u sound horse wholesome, a 

 peiuiissiim uas iiiven lo sell il openly, bnt only 

 in giviMi places. Withdrawn in ISl-l, this per- 

 ndssion was renewed in 1816, and slill holds 

 good. 



In feedinfr animals, and as manure, a larp;e por- 

 tion of the .Montfaucoii horse carcasst?s is admit- 

 tedly employed ; but it is also believed thai no 

 small (juantily is sold lo the poor, without their 

 own knowledfje. .As for the numerous worknieu 

 nt i\lontfaueon,iliey live on nothiiijr else, and they 

 thrive upon it. It perhaps slren^'ibeus iheir 

 nerves linr their disa:;reeable bnsiuess, as il spir- 

 ited u|i our early ancestors of the uoi th to their hu- 

 liuin butcheries. The use of itanion^ iheselaller 

 lialionsonly ceased on their conversion lo Christi- 

 auily, r.s is proved by t;xisting papal bulls. How- 

 ever, Denmark has latieily returned to its old 

 liabils, lieinj; the first F.nropean naliou that has 

 auihori/'.ed the open sale of horse flesh among 

 ihe ordinary conients of the shambles. A trav- 

 eller relates, also, that he tasted some excellent 

 smoked horse, dining with ihe Tartarian Khan, 

 Kriin Giierai. Barron Larrey, moreover tells 

 iisthiit the French army, in various cain|)aigns, 

 were not only sustained well liy such food, but 

 were even s<-einingly cured, by its healthiness, 

 of scorbuiie disease. 



Fioin different parts of tfie animals killed nt 

 Montfaucoii, ulue, oil, and other marketable coni- 

 moilities are produced, and the shoes meet with 

 u ready sale to cullers and otiiers. In fliori, notb- 

 in!> is lost ; for it is even a trade to gather the lar- 

 va' as food for fowls; and thus the elegant ani- 

 mals which once (iranced proudly in iheCliamps 

 (le rU.'iis, and at the gay ff-tes ol' the Freneji me- 

 tropolis, are nuscrupulonsly consigned to the 

 shambles of iVlontfuucoti and put lo the basest 

 of put poses. 



Foon FOR Cows. — We would recouunend the 

 fullnwiug ailiele to the carelid perusal of otn- 

 readers, as it embraces a topic of great [iractical 

 importanri'. With those limdliar wilh the writ- 

 iiu's of iM. (yhabert, and his exalted character 

 as a scholar, any conunendation on our part would 

 of course appear superfluous. 



M, Chabert, the director of the veterinary 

 school at All'oiil, England, liad a number of cows 

 which yiehled ]'i gallons of milk evi-ry day. In 

 his pid)licali(Mi on the subject, he observes that 

 cows li'd in the winter on dry siibstances give 

 less milk thasi those which are kept on green 

 diet, and also that their milk loses much of its 

 (piality. Ho published the following recipe, by 

 the nse of v. hicb his cows afforded him;.n eijual 

 quantity and quality of milk during the winter as 

 « liming the summer. 



Take a bushel of potatoes, break them while 

 ' raw, place tlieni in a barrel standing up, putting 

 in successively a layer of bran and a small quan- 

 tity of yeast in the middle of the mass, which is 

 to be left thus to lerment dining a svhole week, 

 and when Ihe vinous taste has pervaded the whole 

 tnixlure, it is -.'iven to the cows who eat it greed- 

 ily. 



We have been promised a comnmnicalion on 

 this subject by a person to whom we casually 

 mentioned the views of M. Chabert, and who has 



sonu! experience of late as regards the process 

 he commemls. Experiments of this description 

 are iimcli needed, at this day, and we me glad 

 that there is one among us, if no more, who is 

 disposed to make them, tmd liivor us and the pub- 

 lic with the details. — .lit. Cull. 



Timber. — At the discussions of the Fanners' 

 Club at New York, intiu-esting as well as inqiort- 

 iuit fids are frecpieutly evolved. At the last 

 meeting a inendier stateil that timber should he 

 iMit down in IMay (U' June, when the sap is .-letive. 

 He iu.-tanceil several liicts from a paper by Hon. 

 Timothy I'iekering, laid beliire the Massaidiiisetts 

 Agricultural Society ill IS'-il, whicli states that 

 oaks fell in iVIay lusted SiJ yetiis — those cut in 

 February lasted but 12 years, ihoilgli exposed 

 under Ihe same circumstances. A fanner in 

 Massachusi-lls cut a birch for a well sweep in 

 ■May and peeled lie; bark oil'. It lasted 17 \eais, 

 whereas birch cut in the winter wilh the bark 

 lefl on, does not last more than mie year. Many 

 other siniflar cases were enumerated from the 

 paper. He said that limber cut in June should 

 Ue sawed iminediutely after it is cut, as it then 

 works easier. 



Timber will decay under three (ondilions. 

 Fir.-it, by being moisl under a free circulation of 

 air: second, when subjected lo ihe action of 

 gases, and shutout from the air; and third, in 

 water when in contact with vegetable putrilyiug 

 mailer. Timber kept dry in a free eiiculatiou of 

 air W(jnld never decay. This is true of oak. 

 Timber has a tendiuicy lo absorb inoislnro liom 

 the .ainiosphere, iind thus decay. .'Vlkaliiie roots 

 and acids preserve it. — llenee the kyanized tiiu- 

 ber whinh is satiiraieil wilh chloride of mercury, 

 or chlorate of iion, zinc, or copper. — Common 

 salt lias this tendency. 



Alpacas in Scotland. — We have seen a male 

 and lemale of the Alpaca species al Craigbarnet, 

 Lennoxtown, Stirlingshire, w hie h have been there 

 fur the last eight mouths, and tliey have stood the 

 severe winter willioiii injury, and we arc assnreil 

 are more hardy tliau our native sheep; they require 

 less f()od, and could exist where sheep would die. 

 There seems hardly to be any kind of food they 

 will not cat — ihey eat turnip.-^, hay, oals, and beans 

 — they are more |iarlial to meadow than to rye 

 grass bay. These animals are now in the high- 

 est order and in the most perfi^ct health — they 

 are jet black, and lijiiow their keeper like a doir, 

 and are very eleuanl and interesPiug. The weight 

 of liU! fleece of last year was 17i lbs. Their 

 worthy owner is of opinitui, when the navigation 

 beiween ns and South .'\iuerica is ilimiuished as 

 to length of lime, which steam will most as- 

 suredly accomplish, thousands of .Mjiacas will 

 be brought over — our hills will he covered with 

 lliem, and they will become a sonrci: of great 

 wealiU and profit to the proprietors and farmers 

 of the biglilaiid disiricts, fur these animals will 

 thrive upon that kind <A' cnarse bent, which neither 

 horse nor cow nor sheep will look at or touch. — 

 Foreign Curres. Aiuer. Ji^ri- 



Worliin? Cows. 



In France it is said lo I'c qiiite'comnion to see 

 cows al work upon the fijrnis, and some few 

 cases may he found in our own counlry. Two 

 covvs may be kept well tbrabout the sameamouut 

 iis one horse. 



American Apples. — Tl.c Northern and East- 

 ern papers are freqnimily urging farmijrs to plant 

 their orchards, and among other inftucemonts, are 

 holding out the demand \'or apples and conse- 

 quent exportation to Europe, 'i'lio apples from 

 the lluitrd States are litr superior to those of 

 England, and are retailed in London at (Id apiece. 

 They are considered by the medical liicnlty as 

 very healthy, and are recommended by them to 

 convalescents. Dr. Dick, of Eilinbnrgli, in his 

 late popular and valuable treatise, entitled '' De- 

 rangemenls primary and refl.'X of the organs of 

 Digestion," a work which ougbl lo be in the hands 

 of every dyspeptic, says, in (lage 211, (where he 

 is sirmigly recommending lierbaceous aliment,) 

 "A ripe .American apple, well masliealed, has 

 been employed by me as an auxiliary and occa- 

 sionally as a principal, in the treatment of the 

 irritative and bypeiscniic form.s of gastric de- 

 rangements." "A ripe American tipple, or two 

 or three dozen of grajips, or two or three oranges. 



or part of a pomegranate, taken at these limes, 

 act as valuable redncemenls of the chahws, dou- 

 Icur, rn^uer, lemeur of the gastric mncons mem- 

 brane." These four conditions tire, as I'rousi^ss 

 justly remarks, the essential ones of all iullain- 

 malion. — ,^7/11. I'ui: 



The following curious account of a combat 

 biUween a monkey and a cobra da capella, was 

 related to me by an old friend in Bengal, who 

 beard il from a gentleman who had uitiie.»sed the 

 liict at Pallia, some hirty years ago. The mon- 

 key inhabited a \nr<j,i'. burr (Inilicc) or banyan tree, 

 (Jirus indiat) and was priqiaring lo a>cend it, 

 whiMi he perceived a large cobra, near the root. 

 On every atieinpt lo approach the trunk, the 

 snake reared his crest to attack him, anil, as llie 

 monkey moved to the other sidi!, the sn ike in like 

 manner shifted his ground, so as aK\ays to in- 

 tercept his advance to iIk; tn-e. The monkey on 

 this quickened its movements, danced fioin side 

 to side, and occasionally rushing directly at the 

 snake as if to seize it, kept it in a stale of contin- 

 ual action and alarm for nearly two hours, .At 

 length the cobra, apparently tired out, lay 

 stret<-lied on the ground. The monkey now 

 walked leisurely belijie it, w-ali-hing its motions 

 all the time with the utmost vigilance, and grad- 

 ually lessening the dislance leiw(;en them, till 

 he arrived wiihin reach of a single bound, when, 

 springing on his enemy, before he had lime to 

 rear his head, grasped him firmly by the neck. — 

 The snake instantly env(do[)ed him in lis fidds, 

 bnt the monkey, retaining its hold, sitized a brick- 

 bat (;i part of the ruins of an (dd pagoda i^t the 

 foot of the tree.) and coolly set himself lo work 

 to rub .igainst the head of the snake. This ope- 

 ration was continiieil with the most determined 

 per.severance, till he had utterly destroyeil all 

 vestige of the bead, reducing it lo a confused 

 mass, when, disengaging himself from the now 

 inert folds, he threw ii from him, and sprang up 

 to his wonted roosting place in the tree. After 

 this, il can s<'arcely be questioned, that the mon- 

 key was not perfectly aware of the dangerous 

 character of the snake, and also knew well the 

 seat of the (iirniiilable power « hicli his enemy 

 possessed, and could in an instant put forth bis 

 dcstruclion. It also iqipears lo prove that the 

 larger animals, unlike ihe smaller ones, and small 

 birds, are incapable of beinir acted upon by the 

 power of liiscination. — Medical Times. 



licngth of Life in Animals. 



A necrological talile of' st:ilistics relative lo the 

 length of lili! of the animal at the Jardin des 

 Plantes contains the I'ollowiug: — "The average 

 length of lilii of the panther, tiger, ami lion, in a 

 menagerie at Pans, is six or seven years. A lion, 

 however, has livetl 99, and a lioness 17. Lions 

 which are carried about and exiiibled to the pub- 

 lic, are lininil lo live much lenger, generally from 

 17 to '.^0 yetirs. Th.e white bear of Siberia lives 

 only three or (bur years; but the black bear, be- 

 ing of il more robust constitution, survives to the 

 age of 7 or 8. As to the fjimily of bears known 

 by the name of Marlin-monle a-V arhre, they live- 

 fi'oin 17 to 90 years, and belu)ld a long- series of* 

 generation'Si. The hyena lives only 4 or 5 years; 

 dromedaries and camels 30 or 40: the eleplianl, 

 which when free reaches the age of a century, 

 only reaches a quarter of that space of time ; the 

 giriuTe, which is now in Jardin des Plantes, has 

 been there 17 years, and still enjoys e.vcelli.'nt 

 health; monkeys only survive 4 or 5 3'ears, and 

 it is ineut oned as a great plienoinenoii, that one 

 lived al Gibraltar for 17 years." 



Utility of Geese to the Farmer. — It has 

 been long remarked that cattle of all kinds are 

 never nnlieallliy where geese are kept in any 

 qimntily: ami the reason a.ssigned is simply this, 

 that geese consume with complete impimity, cer- 

 tain noxious weeds and grasses, which taint more 

 or less, according to their abundance, the finest 

 padilocks pastured by horses, bullocks and sheep. 

 Most hirmers are aware of this, and in many pla- 

 ci?s where the beeves^ppear sickly, geese iire let 

 inio Ihe [laslnres, and the soil where they tread 

 is converted for the time being into a sort of in- 

 firmary.— .Veio -Fiinnsr's Journal. * 



Method op Curing Oesti.nate-Horses. — A 

 few days ago, as a carter was proceeding in the 

 York road, near Donca;*ter, England, with a loud 



