Jarm^rs Jll^titljlg wisit^r, 



CONDUCTED BY ISAAC HILL* ~ ~ 



"ThOSK who labor tS THE EARTH ARE THE CHOSEN l-KOl'LU OF GoD, WHUSE BREASTS HR HAS MADE H19 PECULIAR DEP09ITE FOR SUBSTANTIAL AND GENUINE VI RVUC."— Jeffcr^OH, 



VOLUME Vil. 



CONCORD, N. H., MARCH 31, 1845. 



NUMBER 3. 



TIIE FARMER'S MOXTHLY VISITOR, 



I'UBLISHtl) BV 



ISAAC HILL, & SONS, 



ISSUKD O.N TIIE LAST PAV OF EVERV MONTH, 



At Athenian liuildiu?. 



J)£,-Geni:i!m, A.tentj.— n. Took, KiiMie, N H. ; Thomas 

 It. IlAMrrov, Washingtun ("ily, U. C. ; John Man5H, VVash- 

 inptoii St. IJoNUin, &liis:j. ; Charles Wabren, BrinU-y Kuu', 

 Worcester, Mass. 



TERMS To sinslc subscribers, Fifty CniU. Ten per 



cunt, will be allowed to the person who shall send more than 

 one subscriber. Twelve copies will be sent for the aiivaiict; 

 payment of /■'/rr D«//flrA-; twenty-five copies for Ten Volturs ; 

 sixty copies for Twenty Dollars. The payment in every case to 

 be made iu advance. 



^f^jMiincy and suli^criplions^ by a rrtrnlatttin of the Pttst Muster 

 Ocneral, may in all caj^es be remitted by the Post Master, free oj 

 postU'/e. 



35°A1I gentlemen who have heretofore acted as Agents are 

 requested to contirme their Agency. Old subscribers who 

 come under tlie new terms, will please notify us of the names 

 already on our books. 



CONCORD, N. H., MARCH 31. 1845. 



For the Far[ner's Monthly Visitor. 

 It is cheaper to bay thau to borroAV> 



Tliis olil iii;i.\iiii, iiiiil geiieiul trulli ctm never 

 be xvitlioiit iiiflinjiice upon the farmer. Tlie iiiaii 

 wlio is on a liorrowiiijj en-and li).ses for tlie time 

 ji poilion of his iii(le|iendence — lie feels that he 

 is about lo ask a favoi- that ma}' lie refused, and 

 his niHiily spii'it is humbled — ■histirni and manly 

 voice is softened down into plaintive and siilfo- 

 catiiiff tones, and his step even is timid and ob- 

 sequious. This is what a farmer, nietliinks, 

 sliould endeavor tn avoid, .tnd its infliieiice is not 

 limited to himsielf, hut his quick-sighted childien 

 perceive and feel it also; and not nnfreqiiently 

 the seeds of envy ami bad neighborhood are 

 BOW n in this practice of borrowing. The travel- 

 ler awtiy from bis home, who meels with an ac- 

 cident is sometimes under a sort of nece-sity of 

 asUiHif tor assistance, and to borrow that which 

 shall enable him lo pursue his journey. He does 

 this with a bold and manly fiont, founded upon 

 the feeling whicli under like circumstances would 

 induce liini to extend a helping- hand and lend 

 to a stranger in ilistress; but such cages are ex- 

 ceplioTiS to the general rule, and not to be con- 

 sidered but as slri'iigthening the general rule. 

 " He that goes a borrowing, goes a sorrowing," 

 says Franklin, and more than that we believe we 

 may say. Borrowing is an expensive business 

 too. The time spent in going for the article, and 

 in returning it after being used, is frequently of 

 more value than the purchase would have been; 

 Hud when Kuiliiplied by repetition, always is. Is 

 it an axe we want, and what a cut do we not 

 often get from the lender, when he tells us as be 

 feels the edge, on putting it into our bands, not to 

 dull it. Is it a chaise, how do we not feel as the 

 owner, when it is returned, eyes it all round with 

 a scrntiniziug eye, and if nothing is broken, re- 

 marks — "you have fiiiind some mnd in your 

 riile." A horse, aye — is it a horse we want," the 

 owner remarks that he is unsafe for strangers, or 

 if he be such a man as he ousht to be, isiildly re- 

 fuses to lend his horse to any body. It is true, 

 that none of us can be perfectly independent in 

 every thing and at all times, when such eases 

 arise as impose upon the most provident the ne- 

 cessity of liorrowing, then it is that the bonds of 

 good neighborhood are strengthened, and as so- 

 cial beings we " do unto others as we would be 

 done nnto"; and this although borrowing is not llie 

 kind we object to. li; iherelbie, we would prac- 

 tice economy— keep on good term.s with our 



neighbors — save our own fetdings, and stand up- 

 on our own footing upright, should we not have 

 all the tools and niensils, carriages and beasts of 

 our own ; and can it be too often ivc<miincii<leil, 

 of the bi!.<t kind — kept iu the best order — ^and 

 alw.-iys iu place. Few tire the larmers that lend 

 willingly, .-ind still lijwer are those who can see 

 a lent article returned broken, or badly used, 

 without unpleasant feelings, felt if not expressed. 

 The old luan, :i member of the Society of Friends, 

 who, when his wlieelbario .v was returned broken, 

 and desired to have it mended, as the borrower 

 had further occasion for it ; and who mildly 

 promised to have it done, as desired, was an ex- 

 ception to the genei-al rule, and such are perhaps 

 only to lie found among a people deeply impres- 

 sed with Christian metdiness, and who practice 

 rather than profess, and who prefer to submit to 

 the impositions of others, rather than withhold 

 from any one the oliicts of good neighborhood. 



If all of us liirmers would make up our minds 

 lo b(^ lenders ralliei- than borrowers, shonhl we 

 not thereby adopt the most kind and cfVectnal 

 mode of putting an end to the practice ■" The 

 most thoughtless will by and by be reached in 

 this way, and the whole comminiity thereby re- 

 formed. As to money, why this is the most 

 dangerous of all to-ils to lend, as well as to bor- 

 row, with the farmei-, "for loan oft loosclh both 

 itself and friend, and borrowing dulls the edge 

 of husbandry." Money is the measure of all 

 value — the universal foot rule of society — and 

 the man who borrows it, should be willing to 

 secure the lender, who, unless he is willing to 

 lose, shoultl always demand. For money or 

 prosperily we toil— rise early and sit up late, that 

 we may, and those united with us, eat the bread 

 that we have earueil ; and we ought not to suffer 

 an unwillingness to refuse parting with it, to 

 strip us of our earnings (or otiierg. 



Those who have looked deeply into the matter 

 of lending, consider that it is of great evil to 

 those who avail themselves of it, and upon soci- 

 ety. Those who can live upon the earnings and 

 industry of others, are encouraffed in iilleness, 

 and all idlers are an injury — the drones in the 

 hive of the coniniunity. So long as some people 

 can live by borrowing, they are pretty sure not 

 lo dig for a living; if this resource fails — why, 

 like the convicts in the pump-room of a prison, 

 ihcy mdst either exert themselves, or they will 

 not be able to keep their heads above the water, 

 and finiling no other resource, they in most cases 

 come to their work. P. 



PehnianjQ], 1845. 



For the Farmer's Monthly Visitor. 

 Manure. 

 It is really eur|irising tosee what a large quan- 

 tity may be collected and made from a very small 

 number of cattle. If a barn yard were cleared 

 once a week ami transferred lo the compost heap, 

 which should be made a save-all of every thing 

 that ever had vegetable or animal life, a large 

 heap is soon made with mud, sod fiom the sides 

 of the roads, and the deposit of ditche.«, which 

 may be thrown over, and moved after rains be- 

 fore the land is put to work. The great jirocess 

 of nature is to re-produce, and we may have this 

 re-prodnction in grain, fruit, or vegetables. All 

 we have to do is to prepare the earth, sow or 

 plant, and cultivate, and a bountiful Providence 

 does the rest. A. 



From Hon. H. L. EUsworitrs Keport on Patents for lSi4. 

 Maple Siisar. 

 Sugar Itas been manufactured in New llamp- 

 sbii'e ever since its settlement. The fiist settler.", 

 however, w^;re more immediately engaged iu the 

 lumber trade, and made that business their main 

 support for nearly a cenlmy : but, on leaving the 

 tide-waters, where the tall pine in all its beauty 

 mostly had been mauufictured into lumber for 



the West India market, their altcntion was di- 

 rected to the manufacture of maple sugar. But 

 this was so little understood, and necessity so 

 drove them for support, that, in order to extract 

 the jiuce from the tiee, an incision was made 

 tvitli an axe in the tree, of about three inches 

 deep, and from six to twelve inches wide, which 

 soon eni-ircled the tree, and, togiuber with the 

 wind, soon destroyed one of the most beautiful 

 and useful tieos of New Hampshire. This done, 

 sugar-making fell off iu a raiio iilniost to its to- 

 tal extinction, and so conlinut'il imlil what we 

 call the second growth of maple tiees grew up 

 of sufficient size for extracting the juice ; since 

 whiidi, llu' manufacture of maple sugar has been 

 slowly improving, so that wiiliiu !i few years it 

 has begun to assume a systematic (tourse, which 

 promises the most happy resiilt.s. 



Sugar is now made lo sumi' extiuit. One cir- 

 cumstance 1 will mention, iu the town of Lou- 

 don, near the centre of the Slate, thiity-five lona 

 of sugar have been maniiliiclnred for several 

 years past (to average it) frnm the maple tree. 

 This stateinent is not exagj;c:rated ; some iiidi- 

 viilnals have made a ton in a season. The pro- 

 cess is all simple, and easy to be performed. 

 One incision is made with an auger abou' three 

 inches in the tree, into which is introduced a 

 plug with a bole in the centre, through which 

 the juice passes to its end, under which a clean 

 bucket is placed, and fastened to the tree by a 

 nail driven i.ito the tree — no rain or snow being 

 suffered to be mixed with the juice. When ne- 

 cessary, the juice is collected and put in a reser- 

 voir in the building, where it is eva|)onited in 

 iron boilers set on arches, anil passed out of the 

 boilers as soon as it can conveniently be done ; 

 this becomes necessary, as being kept long in the 

 boilers would discolor it, and affect the fiavor. 

 When a sufficient quantity has been obtained by 

 the above process, it is first cleared by adding 

 milk — about four quarts to twenty-tive pounds of 

 sugar ; then strained, and again heated and skim- 

 iried until all a|)pearance of scum has disappear- 

 ed ; it is slowly boiled until it grnnulates, being 

 cautious to prevent overheating it. It is then put 

 in firkins, the bottom of wbiiii is perforated with 

 holes, with several slicks pas.~ing iluough the fir- 

 kiu.s, serving as conductors to lead off the molas- 

 ses; the top coveied tight, so a.s to exclude the 

 air. In this situation it must remain about si.v 

 months, before fit for use. A genlleinan who 

 made the last season 1,500 pounds of sugar (a 

 sample of which I enclose you) from 250 trees, 

 informs me it was the mo.?t profitable farming 

 business he did lor the year; the tvhole expense, 

 after the fixtures were prepared, not exceeding 

 sixty days' work, which will give twenty-five 

 pounds lo each day's labor, "Oi- is3 50 per day, at 

 the price for which it sells. I have used some of 

 the sugar in my family; it does not discolor the 

 tea in the least ; is clearer than Muscovado, Ja- 

 maica, or Havana, white or brown, ami has less 

 sediment. I must observe that few towns equal 

 Loudon ; and perhaps in more than half tho 

 towns in the State veiy little is made. I titn hap- 

 py to observe, however, that the quantity is yearly 

 increasing, anri the quality iinproving. 

 Respectfully, vours, 



JEREMIAH WILSON. 



Steaming Food for Cattle. 



The following is a portion of ihe remarks of 

 Mr. Lalhbnry, an extensive fanner, at a late meet- 

 ing of one of the English farmers' clubs. We 

 co[iy from the London Agricultural Gazette: 



" Will) regaid to the steaming of food, there 

 were vurinns opinions. The experiments which 

 had been trieil, seemed to prove that no ndvaii- 

 t.ige attended it in the case of grain or roots; 

 anil lliongli it was admitted that the steaming of 

 di'y fodder enabled callle to extract a larger por- 

 tion 1)1' initriment from a given quantity, yet it 



