60 



®l)C laxmtt's itTontl)hj fatsitor. 



of 9J liii.sliels to be Jiscribeil lo the riinriiire ; in 

 Ni). 4, witli tlie like ainoiint of uiifeniieiiteil mu- 

 iHiie, iiriil 25 li);i(ls ol' fine iiiaiiiiie, the |iioiliii;t 

 was 80 hiishi-ls — a jjain of" 10 liiishel.s to he as- 

 ciihed to the tine iiuiiiiire — sl)Owiiig that one load 

 of fine is unnh more than six loads of coarse 

 niamiip. While No. G, which was inanined with 

 the fine only, yielded (».J h'lshels — a iiain of 5.J 

 bushels lo be ascrili"d to the same amount of 

 fine nianme. Showing that one load of fine is 

 worth ahont three atul a quarter of coarse ma- 

 nure. J5nt the land on which No. G was lai^^cil, 

 was not as rich as Nos. 2, 3 and 1, owin^ to ihe 

 fact that it was .so situated in tlie fiehl that it had 

 not been as highly manured in tliose ye;us fiujie 

 by, when manure was oidy drawn out of the 

 barn-yard " to j{et rid of it." Nos. 2,3 and 4 were 

 nearer the gate, and had lieen served about alike, 

 anil finnish the fairest test of the value of the 

 different kinds of (nanure. 



Souie of the results obtained by these experi- 

 ments were unexpected. The highest yield is 

 very lar below the great crops that have been re- 

 ported. I know not why a humlred or more 

 i)ushels to the acre were not raised on No. 4, 

 will: niamire both on top and under the t'uri-ow, 

 arnountinff to 150 loads of coarse and 25 loads 

 of fine to the acre; and that, too, alongside of 

 land that without an;/ manure, yiehied more than 

 60 bushels to the acre. 



I purpose the next year to plant all of this 

 grouiul with corn, and carefully measure the 

 product of each piece, with a view of learning 

 the efiects of this manuring for the second year. 



Geo. Geddes. 



Grafting Currants.— The Gardener's Chron- 

 icle recommenils fin- the pretty appearance ()re- 

 Sfiited as well as firr improved flavor, to graft 

 currants of difl^erent colors, as the red, black and 

 white, variously intermixed, on stocks trirmned 

 up lo a single stem three orlbu r feet high. The 

 tops may he headed ilown to a dense compact 

 liead, <M' trained as espaliars in the horizontal or 

 fim method, the two latter modes of training, by 

 the t'rea exposure to sun and air, much improving 

 tlie quality of the fruit. The importance of trim- 

 ming the liuslies up to single stems to iniprove 

 the fiiiit .-uul facilitate clean cultuie, instead of 

 suffering tw.i hundred and fifty suckers to shoot 

 tip all loonil into a ilcuse brush heap, is very ob- 

 vious to those who have tried both. 



St;BsoiL Ploughs.— In many soils, not other- 

 wise rich enough for corn, it would be a good 

 practice to make a linrow six inches deep in the 

 tidl, »illia common plough, then let ii subsoil 

 plouiib run in this finrow ten or twelve inches 

 more ; and it woidd he still better to put corn 

 stalks ami other maniu'e in this trench, and listed 

 in when thoroughly wet with a small ijlough or 

 hoe ; ihi^ laud lo remain in this state till planting 

 time. The subsoil plough is very valuable ; by 

 its {\>^<' the siiil will be less wet in great rains, 

 and more moist in great thought. Where the 

 subsoil is used, in comparison with only the 

 couiinon plough, the yield will be fitly per cent, 

 more, and the ciop in dry weather always green. 

 The subsoil phiiigh has dwdifed' and' li'etpiently 

 tnbled the crops — Parmer and Gardener. 



turned into the fields to eat grass, and be wash- 

 ed, as other beast are, by the rains and dews ol 

 heaven, and in all respects let him be treated, 

 humauly, like a brute. 



Why, look at it. More of the corrupt iruitter 

 of the bodily system passes ofi" through tlit^ pores 

 of the skin than through all other ways. But if 

 the skin be dirty, and filled up, as it always is 

 ulien not oflen washed, with a gluey substance, 

 the perspiration is retarded, and the corrupt par- 

 ticles retained in the blood and flesh, lo reduce 

 the strength and bring on disease. So this |>er- 

 spiratioii cannot go on well, if the clothes be 

 dirty ; besides that, the skin .absorbs the filth 

 from the clothes, and that passes into the b!<^M)il 

 and corrupts it. But enough. They who will 

 live in dirt, let them live the life of outcasts and 

 die ihe death of brutes. — Social Monitor^ 



(-'lkanliness. — Cleanliness and health go hand 

 ill lianil. Filth is the hamfmaid of disease. 



The Americans urc^ not remarkable for clean- 

 liness. 'I'iie Want of tt, is one of our mo.st prom- 

 inent vices. 



No one should twer permit tventy-fonr hours 

 to pass without thoroughly washhig the entire 

 body all over. Yet how many ihcreare who per- 

 lliit year after year to go by wiihout ever foi' once 

 giving themselves an entire cleaning. 



Clean dollies, too, are also impcn'tant; solhcy 

 are very esseniial lo the appearance, as well as 

 the heallli. No costliness of dress, if that dress 

 be diny, will give luie a respectable appearance. 

 On the other hand, a very plain, but clean .appa- 

 rel, looks well. 



What should be done with a fillhy person? — 

 First, III' should be taken by process of the law, 

 tinil wasbid. Then le' slmnhl lie put upon his 

 good behavior, and if he still remains (diNin, 

 washing all over al li'ast every day, and wears 

 clean apparel. In: shoulil be irealcd like a fellow- 

 biiiig, and :i Christian. ){iit if he returns to his 

 filthy habits, let him be read out of good society, 



American Provisions in England. 



The ibilowing condenseii tiom a letter pub- 

 lished in the Mark Lane Express, from y. & C 

 Kirkpatrick, of Liverpool, appears in a late num- 

 ber of the Cultivator: 



The strong prejudice which at first existeii 

 against American provisions, and for which there 

 was good reason, in the inl'eriur <jualily of the 

 earliest arrivals, has been gradually removed, as 

 shippers have learned to conliirm their brands to 

 ihe wants of the English market. 



Beef. — Great difiiciilty has been experieneed 

 in securing a footing in the British markets fi>»- 

 this article, owing to the prejudice which the in- 

 ferior character of the first slii|imeiits naturally 

 produced ; but the imports have been latterly of 

 better quality. The Americans may have the 

 exctus'me supply of this article, if they will avoid 

 the faults in cutting and packing which have 

 formerly been attached even to their best brands. 

 Complaint is made that some of the late parcels 

 were very dark in color, supposed to have beei» 

 caused by a bad quality of salt, or badly seasoned 

 casks, rhe casks have gein rally been made too 

 large, allowing the meat to roll about ; lliey 

 should be made of such size as to admit the re- 

 quired quantity with tight packing, leaving roon> 

 for a good heaving of salt. The meat too has 

 oflen been most irregularly messed, the pieces 

 being of very unequal sizes, whereas they shoolcl 

 be cut as nearly as possible eight pounds^ and 

 should be cut square and com|)act. 



Pork has had less difficulty in finding it.s way 

 into the English market, and less care has coti- 

 seip.iently been taken by curcrs in properly pack- 

 ing it. The position of the trade is therefore 

 about the same that it has been for two years 

 |)ast ; but it is capable of great extension if due 

 care is only taken to suit the market. Prime 

 mess pork should consist of 50 pieces of four lbs. 

 each, from hogs v eighing KJO to 200 lbs., every 

 part being packed except the bead and legs. it 

 is important that the meat be firm and well fed, 

 and free from the oily character which American 

 pork generally possesses. It should reinaio 3l> 

 lionrs after being killed, in order that it may be- 

 come cpiite cold and firm, before it is packed. 



Cheese. — The import of this articli? to Liver- 

 pool during the last iwcUe months, was soiiie- 

 vvhat over 1400 tons; while the steady and pro- 

 gressive increase in the trade gives promise of a 

 miii'h extendetl import in coming years. The 

 giuieral ipialily of .Anicrii'an <'hecse, shows (hat 

 the soil of ihe United ^stales is well siiiletl for Hs 

 production, and whii-li makes it the more to be 

 regretted that the vciy obvious diftrtx uf make, 

 which have so much oper:iii'd ag:iiiist ils more 

 extensive introduction into England, shoiihl not 

 be remedieil. This might easily be aci-omplish- 

 ed by the cin-ulation of proper instiuetions on 

 the subject, among the fanners in Ihe I'liee.se- 

 making districts in .'Imcrini. Of these ilefecls, 

 Ihe principal arise from a too hurried maniiDu'- 

 uu'e. and insnllii-ient pressing, which, by leaving 

 the whey in the cheese, not only injures the fla- 

 vor, but rendi'i's it more liable to decay, m bile 

 liie same c:mse makes it open :ind porous, a fault 

 particularly oliieciiiinablc. The make of IOn::lish 

 cheese has lii'\'er bi;en i-tpaal to the deniiind i,t' I his 

 cdiintry; and the lionii' supplies have, con»cqui:ni- 

 ly, been supplemented by large yearly imports of 

 Dutch. Then: is now, however, every prospect 

 of the recpjired supplies being dr.iwii largely, if 

 nrit principally, liom ihe Uniteil States instead of 

 Holland; the diminishing,' import from (liu one, 



and the rapidly increasing import from the otiier, 

 already indicating such a change. As regards 

 the form of the cheese, it is desirable that they 

 be made of less breadth and greater depth or 

 thickness, which would both oonforni them near- 

 ly to the appearance of Cheshire, with which 

 they have to compete, and would also fit them 

 belti;r for passing through Ihe ordeal of a long 

 sea voyage. 



Wheat Fi.oub. — The result of the harvest is 

 now pretty well ascertained, and it may be said 

 with confidence, with regard to wheat, the great 

 staple ot" England, there has never lieeo a more 

 abuiiilaiit harvest reaperl, while the excellence o( 

 the quality is liilly equal to the abundance of the 

 yield. Oats rank next, but are below an average. 

 Barley and beans, in consf;qiience of the drought, 

 were a very short crop. 'Ilie abwidimce of the 

 wheat crop will, however, compensate for the 

 deficiency in the other, and low rates for that ar- 

 ticle at least, may be l(x)ked (or. The reduction 

 in price has already advanced the rfi>ly to its 

 highest point, 20 shiUiiiga pe»" qr., and at which 

 it is likely to remain through the winter, so that 

 the slock of United Stales ffour held in Ent'land, 

 arul which in Liverpool alone amounts lo 140,000 

 barrels, must remain in bund till next summer at 

 least, with the exceinion of what may be required 

 for export. The result, so hir, of this season's 

 impartaltoi> froin Canada shows that the object 

 eontemplated by Peel's corn-bill of last year, has 

 beei> fully secured, in drawing to the river St. Imw- 

 rence a eonsirferable portion of tlu produce of the 

 Western Stales of jlmerica. A late return show s 

 that the exports from Canada, up lo .-Viigust this 

 season, were 307,000 btirrels of flour, 237,600 

 bushels of wheat — the exports to the same [leri- 

 od of last season, having been 50,000 barrels of 

 flour, and ISjOOO bortlieb of wheal. 



German and Brazilian Hens. _ 



We were pleased with seeiivg a pair of Ger- 

 roan hens the other day, which Mr. Eaton ob- 

 tafi>ed fron> a friend in IVlhSsachusetts this tiill. — 

 Tbey ai-e a large, stately fowl, of a gree»'islj black 

 ct>lor, havirvg little or n«> co<nbsH Tl>eir heads are 

 furnished with beaks more booked than cumnion 

 bens — m&re &f the crow form. The are reptiled 

 to be good layers. The Bostmi Mercatitile Jour- 

 luikl has the lollowiiig relative lo thi^s I/reed of 

 hens and their eggs: 



" We have received from a subscriber, a cou- 

 ple o4' ben's eggaof immense size — l>enig a s^tv- 

 cimen of the prodiielions of a breed of hens 

 brouL'ht into this country from Guilderland a few 

 years since, by Capt. John Devei'anx, of Marble- 

 head. They weigh three ounces and three-quar- 

 ters a piece, and measure seven and three-ipiarter 

 inches in circumference one way, and si.t and a 

 half the other, tf any one has any larger hen's 

 eggs, bring them along! 



" We learn that these Dutch fowls are of n 

 large size, some weighing seven pounds a piece; 

 may be easily fattened, are delicate fiiod, and first 

 nite layers. Their eggs are usually one-third 

 larger than those of oiir ordinarv Ibwis. One of 

 the hens which Capt. Devi-raux brought home, 

 laid one hundred and sixty eggs in as many suc- 

 ce«*ive days." 



Mr. E. has also u pair of Brazilian hens, which 

 a e a large variety, mostly black, with their necks 

 slightly streakeil with while. We think these 

 will be qiiite an acqiiiriiiion lo tfic hen dcp:irt- 

 mciit of this section of the country, and hope 

 friend l'>aton will succeed in niisiiig an abund- 

 ance of these '• high (Jermans" and Brazilians to 

 supply those of his (i'ieinfs who may wish lo ob- 

 tain the breeds. — Maitte Parmer. 



The- Artichoke. 



Several trials which we have known made 

 will) this root, indicate that it is one of the most 

 valu:d)fe for stock, which can hi- cnllivaK d. A 

 lew years ago, a gentli'Uiaii of our iici|n:iinlance 

 planit:tl a small p.'itch v)f rich grourul with thi'm. 

 Thi: produce was at the rati' of 12011 luishels per 

 acre. They were principally harvesled by bogs, 

 sNiiich were turned in and allowed to rout them 

 up as their appetite prompted. They gained 

 well, with no other food, wliile the artichokes 

 lasted. .\ great advanta^'e of this root is, that it 

 will lie in tlie ground wiihout injury all winter. 



Air. Thomas Noble, of iMassilloii, gave us a 

 brief account of a trial with artichokes, made by 



