E.'J^»«»UKJ B M 



^[)t iTarmcr's iUontl)lij faisitor. 



87 



(SiTfii forii I'oiTder, ;is lond (nr iiiilcli I'liwf, iiiid 

 otIiKi' slock, is imw iisimI (•xleiisivdv in this teo- 

 tidn. iiiid so it will hi; in idl |iMrls ol' ilio coMiiiry, 

 vvliein I'uslina^'e is sciice, wljeu iis .•idv'uiilu;;i!s 

 (lie well known. This fee<l iirodiires an iilinn- 

 d.ince of licli milk, and roincs in a jrond linie 

 Hhcii ilH'n lliciii id a sirari-ily ol' loud llie l.iller 

 jiint of suniiuer and cai ly in aiilinnii. Evi'iy 

 iiiinier w ho has not an ahundanci; of ftrass (or 

 his calllf, should provido a pit ce of corn for 

 green lood. — Bost. Cull. 



TiiK LowEi.i. Lock Cojipant.— Noihinjrpives 

 lis imiri' ploasiMc lliaii to nolo llie snci!i>ss iil'ilie 

 mechanic aris in onr cily. We wi-ro llie other 

 davshowua iinir.lic-r of licaniilid locks, nianii- 

 fjiclcncd liy the L'uvcjl Lock C'oniiiany, whose 

 islahlishiiicnt is at fhe iMuchanio's Mills, Waneii 

 sirei't. -Mr. Aldrid:;c, the sn|ieriiilcnik'iit of the 

 coitijiany, is a yonn.i; ami ingenions incchaiiic. 

 He came to ihis ciiy uhoni two years aj;o, a slraii- 

 ;.'Hr. Now he has aliotit lliiily persons eiii|doycd 

 in ihe niaiudiicnire ol' locks, and he informs ns 

 that llie doniand is even now ijreater lliun they 

 can snpply. Willi one laijie lock we were par- 

 licnhnly pleased. Il seemed to ns to dely the 

 ■nrls of the most iiiL'eiiions of honse-lireakers to 

 picd( it. UTr. Ahhidj.'e is making' one (<ir the new 

 Bank at raliot\ilh\ lie has niailea paillock lale- 

 Iv, which, alliion^h eti'oils have liecn made for 

 Ihe last forliil;;lit hy a iiinnher of persons, yet 

 they have not heeii ahle to discover the kei/hole to 

 {I. We wish the Lowell Lock Company contin- 

 ued prosperity. — Lowell Jouniitl. 



To Poiisii Mahogany Furniture — Rnl) it 

 Willi colli drawn linseed oil, and polish hy rnh- 

 liiiii; with a cic-an dry chilli, afler wipiiii; ihe oil 

 ficmi the (iiriiilnre. Do lliis once a week, anil 

 \onr mahogany tables will he so finely polished 

 ihat hot water would not injure them. The rea- 

 son is this: linseed oil hardens when exposed to 

 llie air, and w hen il has filled all ihe pores of Ihe 

 wood, llie surfaces liccoines haiil and sinuolli, like 

 ulass. — A*. 1'. Mcchnnic. 



To Piir.vE.NT Consumption — An English wri- 

 ter on Bees, in England, .sa_\s lhat honey is an 

 imiversal specilic, ami among lis olliej' vahiahle 

 properties, he declares lhat it preveiils Consump- 

 tion, and slales that this destroyer of human lilii 

 is not known in coimlries where honey is regu- 

 larly taken as an article of food. Those w ho have 

 less faith in the .specific may perhaps allrihiile 

 the eaiisi! to difference of (dimate rather than 

 Ihe honey. The llalian sinser.-:, it is also affirm- 

 ed, ore preatly indebted to lioney, linl their prae- 

 lice is to sharpen it with u (tivi drops of acid, 

 though they sometimes lake it in a pure state. 



must lie a t;rain\m;.' compiiinent to the receiviM', 

 as it i.s well merited hy Ihe excellence of the 

 article. — Boston Morning Chronicle, 



Our Gr.KAT Cities. — W'e find in a Boston pa- 

 per, a slatement of the increase of population in 

 the live {ijieat cities of the connlry, wliic.h will ha 

 rt-ad with interest. New 'Vork, the first city of 

 llie coniineni, has a popnl.ilion of some :JI'J,720; 

 iIk; increase wiiliiii Ihe la.^t ten y.-ars preeedin;: 

 the last census liavinj; been I07,7ff3, wliieli alone 

 exceeds llie (.•Iiliie popidallon of Boston. 



I'liiladelphia, inclndinjr ihe conniy, has S.'iS.Oo"; 

 and ihe increase in len years was S)0,8I9. 



Baliiiiiore and ihe conniy mimliers 134,379; 

 the incri'ase beiim 53.754. 



New Orleans has J0y,ni3— increase 55,883, and 

 Bosion has 93,383; the increase heiiiir 3L!:)UI. 



New York and New Orleans have, hy this slate- 

 menl, hy far ill,' greatest proponional increase, 

 and are destined to be the two great cities of 

 Noilli America. 



Of tlie minor ciiies, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and 

 Lowell, have shown ihe ;;reaiest increase; St. 

 Lonis ireblins iis popnialion in the ten years 

 from 1830 to 1840. and Lowell more than treblinu- 

 its popnialion, which now amounts to about thii- 

 ly ihoiis.iiid. 



That (d' Washin;;ton is 23,304; of Brooklyn 

 36,233; Albany 33,721; Poriland 15,118. Since 

 tin,' census of 1840, most of these ciiies have rap- 

 idly increased, and it is probable lliiit the po|ni- 

 laiion of St. Lonis is now near 25,000, while lhat 

 of Loacll is about 30,000. The I'liiner of these 

 two ciiies is heanlifully siluated on a bliifl' upon 

 the right bank of the Mississippi — the first eliiii- 

 hle site below the jiinclion of that river with the 

 Missouri, and cannot fail of becoming in time, 

 the great emporium of the gieat West. 



What the North does for the Solth. — The 

 Angnsta, Ga., Chronicle makes the following 

 amusing summary of the means wliiidi the iiorili 

 furnishes lo ihe sonlh : "They build our houses, 

 lliey adorn lliem wilh every eoml'ort and cmive- 

 iiieiice of which we have ever conjeclnred. They 

 eilucale onr (diildreii, and cover our nakedne^s 

 liom head lo fijol, wiih hatsand shoes, coats and 

 shirts; we eat their flour, cheese, liiiller, apples, 

 codfish, potatoes, pickles, pork and onions— we 

 feed our callle wilh their hay, drive their horses 

 in iheir harness and carriages with their whips — 

 we walk wiih their sticks, ride on their saddh:s, 

 wrile on llieir paper, wa,-h wilh their soap, scrub 

 uitli their brushes, sweep wilh their brooms, 

 milk in their pails, cook in their pots, strike wilh 

 llieir hiiniiners, blow with llieir bellows, cut wilh 

 their axes, sow with their seed, reap w uh their 

 hooks, pull with their leiilher, whileHash wiih 

 their lime. p,-iiiit with llic'ir p.iint, march hy their 

 tunes, read by llieir lights, drink their congress 

 water and rum, smoke iheir segars — and last and 

 best of all those blessings, we marry their pretty 

 girls, who make the best of wives." 



American Lngenuity Honored .Aeiioad.— Our 

 young coiinlryman, .Tulm Mear.s, Jr., allached lo 

 the house of D.ivid Proiily & Co., and a son ol 

 Mr. Mears, of the old firm of Proniy & Mears, 

 who have done so much lo facilitate the labors 

 and secure the crops of the firmer, sent one ol 

 the best |ialtern.s of Prouly & Mears' " Koston 

 Centre Draft Ploughs" lo the Emperor Nicholas 

 of Russia. About a year has elapsed, and yes- 

 terday Mr. M. was gratified by the reception of a 



Silk Uusiness iu Mansfield, (Ct. 



The growth and mauufactnre of silk was iii- 

 Irodnced into Mansfield about eighty years since, 

 hy Doet. Aspinwall, who establisheil the raisinu 

 of silk worms at New Haven and Pliiladel|)liia. 

 \ larger rpianlily of silk is nianul'aclnred here, 

 than iu any other town in the IJniied States. I/i 

 the year 179.3, there were 2G5 lbs. raised and in 

 1830, 3,200 lbs.; most of which was manm'iiclii- 

 red by hand on a coninioii wool wheel. Since 

 1830 the growibof silk has diminislieil, owing to 

 ihe almost tola! deslrnclioii of ihe trees by cold 

 weallier. The niunufaeinre <d" fiireign silk is 

 carried on to a considerable extent in lliclories. 

 There .-ire at preseni tj fiir making sewings and 

 iwisl, 1 fiir braiding raw silk fiir boimels, and 

 cord for coals, and 1 for the manuliiclure of gimp, 

 cord and tassels, bonnet wire, cords, bonnet eilg- 

 iiig, kVc. These mills employ about one himdred 

 and twenty persons; mostly ftjmales, and are 

 paid from 1 1-2 to 2 1-2 dollars and board per 

 week. The males from JO to 25 dollars per 

 month ; and all are paid once in three monllis. 

 There are about 12,000 lbs. of raw silk used in 

 all, at the average cost S4,50 per pound. 



The Potato. 



Since the potato has been brought into general 

 use on all hands ihere seems to be no substitute 

 lor it. iMaiiy things, as rice and com hominy, 

 mi^ht he made a substitute; but whether the 

 price of potatoes be high or low, the rich ami 

 the poor used lo llieiii know not how lo live vviih- 

 out them. Fresh potatoes in the earlier season 

 :ire sometimes sold as high as a dollar a bushel. 

 Some peo|..ltt think they cannot make a diiinei 

 uiihout potatoes ; and the most indifferentxO 

 these arc eaten in preference to any oilier vege- 

 lable when ilie virtue seems to have abandonee 

 ihe article in late July. 



We had often wondered why most people had 

 so strong a desire for potatoes ; but our old cor 

 respondent. Rev. Ezekiel Rich, late of Troy, N. 

 II., who used lo leaidi the young ideas how 1< 

 shoot as well as raise potatoes in the region ol 

 the Monadnock, now removed to weetei a New 



'V'oi k, fiirnishcs the editor of the Genesee Farm- 

 er the follovviiig capital fiicls in favor of raising 

 l.irge crops of potatoes : 



" For recomniendaiiun of this root, and oii- 

 couragemimt in its cidiivaiion, I will now stale 

 some of its more observable ipialilies: 



1. It does not too highly excute the human ap- 

 peliti', and thus render it, like many olher things, 

 out of due proportion wilh llie powms of iliges- 

 tion. Th's is indeed a grand afiair in the prov- 

 ince of teinperanee and health. Even the best 

 varieties are not liable to be eaten to excess. I 

 have known some, even Cicero, the prince of 

 Roman orators, at Ihe vegetable feast of liis friend 

 Lenlulns, made sick by puriuking too freely of 

 beets; but not of polaloes. 



2. Thine is probably no kind of food that has 

 a more Just and liealihful proportion of bulk and 

 nuuimeiit. lis soluble and nuirilions mailer \a 

 said to be 25 per cent. ; whereas thai of bailey is 

 83, whe.at 85, rice UO, beans and peas liom 89 lo 

 03. This liict renders it easy of' digestion, and 

 unlikely lo surcharge the system, and produce 

 dyspepsia; a inaiter hy no means unworthy of 

 notice and sober refleclion. 



8. 'J'lie poiato, like milk, contains such a just 

 proporiion of aipieons siibslance, combined wilh 

 its nutriment, that it is, for both man and beast, 

 both food and drink. This is a great conve- 

 nience, especially for tho^e who labru' ahro.id, — 

 for those who would fatten cattle wiilionl water, 

 — and for people at sea, where this root can be 

 preserved. 



4. It is very easily grown and cooked ; ofcourse 

 it is a very cheap article of food. Hence it goes 

 towards snpporling a denser population, and is 

 a great blessing to the poor. 



5. It does not exhaust the soil like most other 

 vegetable.-*, especially oals and turnips, and leaves 

 il in a good state for the succeeding crop. This 

 is no small nialter for the consideration of the 

 economical and forecasliiig farmer. 



(!. New varieties, and the best, are easily ob- 

 tained from the lop-ball seeds; taking, however, 

 about three years to bring them to maturity; af- 

 ter whiidi trial,' and a just selection may be made. 



7. It is very easily preserved, whether dried 

 like fruits, or not; wlieiher reduced to its farina 

 or starch, or kept in ils original state. 



Courtship and Marriage of Washiiigtou. 



It was iu 1759 that an oflicer, attired in a mili- 

 tary undress, and attended hy a servant, tall and 

 iidiilitire as his cliicd', crossed the ferry called 

 William's over the Poniiinkey, a branch of the 

 York river. On the boat loucliing the Southern 

 or New Kent side, the soldier's progress was ar- 

 rested by one of tliose personages who give the 

 bean ideal of the Virginia gentlemen of the 

 reirime, the very soul of' kindness and hospilalily. 

 It was in vain the soldier urged his business at 

 Williamsburg, important communications to the 

 (Jovernor, &.c, flir. Cliamherlayne, on whose 

 domain the miliiaire had just hauled, would hear 

 of no excuse. Col. Washington was a name and 

 characler so dear to ;dl Virginians, that his pass- 

 ing by one of the caslles of Virginia wiilinnt 

 calling and partaking of the hnspilalilies of the 

 host, was entirely out of the question. The Co- 

 lonel, however, did not surrender at discretion, 

 but stoutly maintained liis ground till Cliamher- 

 layne, bringing up his reserve, in the intimation 

 lhat he would introduce his frieml to a ymmg 

 and charming widow, theti beiiealh his roof, the 

 soldier capiiulated, on condition that he should 

 lime— only dine- and then by pressing his char- 

 i.-er and borrowing of the night, he would reach 

 Williamsburg before his Excellency could shake 

 off his morning's slumbers. Orders were accor- 

 dingly issued to Bishop, ihe Colonel's body ser- 

 vant and failhful follower, who, together wiih the 

 fine English charger, had been beqneaihed iiy 

 ihe dying Braddock to Major Washington, on the 

 liinied and fated field of Monoiigahehi. Bishop, 

 bred in the school of European discipline, raised 

 his hand to his cap, as much as to say, your or- 

 ders shall be obeyed. 



The Colonel now proceeded to the mansion, 

 ind was introduced to various guests, (for when 

 •vas a Virginia domicil of olden time wiihont 

 ;nests?) and above .ill, to the charming widow, 

 i'ladilion relates that they were of an age when 

 impressions were strongest. The lady was fliir 

 lO behold, of fascinating manners, and splendidly 

 endowed with worldly" benefits. The hero waa 



