r,o|.s are re.nmUal.le. The c.lt.vaiion of tins 



liuVii Uns n so .■Hliiiirnblo in lliu haiuU ol Mr. 



AiicliisoMV prtMlen-ssurs lliat it has ahvajs yif l.l- 

 e,l hM-e r.roMS. The rer(,r<ls of these are shown 

 inahooU like n ineroliam'.s hMlf;er, uhieh has 

 heen Uenl with the greatest niiuuleiiess lor more 

 than :W years. In is may l>e se.'ii 'he pro.lnee o 

 eaeh fiehl, the time of sow in;:, of liaryesiin^', and 

 finally the market at wlii.-h eaeh sample ol aralli 

 was M.M, with its priee, anil the ayora^e prn-e ol 



eai-h year. . ,,,, 



One six aere held pnahn-ed an average .4 M 

 tons of white ^dohe tnrnips, per Se.,ieh aere ev- 

 ery load hein- aelnally weighed. In IS-»; "•' 

 aeres avera^'ed 31 Ions of je'l"^^ Swedes. he 

 Seoleh aere is one-fifth more than (he hiii-disli 

 in.perial aere. Knt the sa.r.e laml l.r..dn.'e.l 

 ecin.illy !.'oo(l erops twiHitV years af!0. I he wheat 

 crop oV mo ayerai;ed, over l.'.O aeres, 51 hnsh- 

 els. In \ff-V2, 140 aeres of outs avera-ed 8.)4 

 linshels to the aere. 



On land cnltivated as this has lonjr been, saul 

 Pn.f. Johnston, all we e.an do is to Uee|. i.p M-'* 

 lerlilitv ; even modern .s.-iene,. ean seaieely hope 

 to inerease the erops; l.nt one ihmu it may do, 

 it may raise them mote ceonomieally and unn 

 ■rreatcr certainly. . 



" \fter this iu>liee of Mr. Aiiehison s farm, a va- 

 riety of sid)Slanees lately sent m the L d.oratory 

 for exaininaiion, were meidloned. Anjona iliem 

 were a tnimber of lime-.«t.mes from ddl.rmt 

 parts of the ronntry ; -some of these uere lonnd 

 very pure and remarkal.ly well filled I n- airncid- 

 tnral pnrposes; others wonid make admnal.le ee- 

 mem-' Theecm.omi.-al v:dne nl Mene n-on.-tones 

 w.is also n.iii-e,l. The sproius broken off (In- 

 rin- the n.ahin- of barley, on analysis liave been 

 foimd to he well adapted ll.r maimre, and to 

 especially ahomid in phosphates. Lar;;e qiianli- 

 ties are obtained in the extensive breweries, and 

 in some instances they have been advantageously 

 used as lood for pijrs. „ ,. t , 



■J-he remainder of ihe ivmarUs by Proh.Tohns- 

 toii were <levoled to explainini; the aciion of siil- 

 ph.nic acid n|u)n lames. The nalnie of bone 

 wa.s fir.st considere<l, it r<msislm^' of an earthy 

 and uelalinons part. Each of these has been 

 foniid valuable where applied sni-ly ; burned 

 l,„i,e.ses| iailv, have been found to pi"dnce ex- 

 cellent crops of tnrnips. The snlphnric aci.l 

 acts upon boili these parts of the bulie, and loi ms 

 with the aelalinous part certain compounds so- 

 Inble in u.ater ai><l capable of entering' direclly 

 into Ihe circulation of plants. In its action npoii 

 the earthy part much f:y[)smii is prodnced, and 

 bi-phosphale or siiper-phospbate of lime. 



Thus many snbstances necessary to the lieallliy 

 Crowth of the crop, are. piesonled to it in a solu- 

 ble state ready to snp|)ly its wants. Ex|ieriinents 

 in top dl•es^in■;; wheat and clover, have shown m 

 several instances the great efficacy ol the bi- 

 pliosphale. 



The ai lion of the acid is sneedy, and soon re- 

 duces ihe hones to a soft pnlpy mass: they may 

 iIk'Ii either be applied ill a liqind state alter very 

 |;,|..„. damion wilh waler, or they may be dried 

 nod snun in the drill, or nsed as a top <lressinir. 

 The latter way i< most i-onyenient, hot some tri- 

 .■ils h;ive seeined to indicate that the liipiid appfi- 

 ralion is best. It probably ensnres a more coni- 

 iilelP dissemination of the manure throiifih the 

 soil. Water slionld be added, even imlil the acid 

 taste is not perceptible. Prof. Johnsion m con- 

 clusion said, he had been thus parli.'ular n| 



Ihe sn'ject of bones, because the supply ol j;na- 

 no conl'd not always last. When that was i:one, 

 the farmers must have somelbms t>J supply Us 

 pl.ace, ami boi^es will then stand forth more prom- 

 inently, lie recmnmeiided the trid wilh prelim- 

 inary "ex lerina-nis with them iniincdiately, so 

 that they might not in any way expose themselves 

 to loss when compelled to find a snbstitnlc lor 

 guano. 



Alier a few words n|ion some samples ol gua- 

 no, the meeling came to a close. Prof. Johii>ton 

 will be at Dmham dining the ninnlhs of May 

 ami Jnne I conseipiently there will not be an- 

 other meeting miiil July. 



1 am yours very truly, 



John P. Norton. 



of siipi'lyini; tlie increasing demaml, bill as the 

 most prohlahle biaiieh of ciillme when jndi- 

 cion.-ly conducted, that can be engaged in. 



\ ii-w days since, an article in ihe Boston 

 Transcript s|ioke, in terms of complaint, of the 

 lii.rj, price demanded for cherries, strawberries, 

 ,md frnils generally, in the markets ol that city, 

 ,md seemed to impute it to Ilie grasping and 

 oyeireachin- dispoMlion of those engageil in the 

 irartic in llio.-e •■nticles. We have had occasion, 

 also, to iiolice the good prices which similar 

 frnils bring in onr own market. VVe have noi, 

 however, been inclineil lo altrihnte any blame, 

 iHi that ai-coiinl, to llie ileidns in them. We 

 know that ihey pay liherally liir what they buy, 

 and tliat iliey are nnalile to supply tfie demand, 

 even at Iheir prices. Of tl.is we have been re- 

 minded, by llie repeated applicalions we have had 

 Irinn lliem, lo sell a portion id'tlie limited supply, 

 wliicli we are enabled to gai her from our own 

 restricieil pren.ises. The whole cause of the 

 difiicultx is, tliat tlie demaml is greater than Ihe 

 supply ;' and, so lonir as that conliiines to he the 

 c.i,-e, pi h'. s will nece.-sarily he liigli. And, we 

 believe it will l)e ifie cas.; for a foiig time yet lo 



(;,M,d frnil is one of the articles for which the 

 de and ah\a\s increases, in proportion to the 

 tin-ililies with w liich il can he oblained ; so that an 



increase of the cnltme brings wilh it a crease 



iiisle:id of a dimimilion of tia- demand. Families 

 whicli, when siloaled so ihal ihey cannot coiive- 

 nientlv olilain ii. lliiiik liule of .1, when ibey come 

 to be 'where it can readily bt^ had, will not do 

 wiliioiit it, and, whenever Ihe supply is short, will 

 pay llie price it commands, rather than be depri- 

 ved of it. There is more than tenfold the qnaii- 

 lily bronsbt into our market now, ihat Ibere was 

 len years" since, and yet, those who have it, hnd 

 a iniicli readier sale than lliey did then, and al 

 belter prices too. . 



Why, then, slHai!a not the cnltnrp ot gooil trnit 

 be moVe exlensively en^jaaed in? The demand 

 is one whicli may l>e permanently relied on, and 

 the profits are ceVlainly siicli as to commend it to 

 favorable .•onsideratioii. There are many instaii- 

 i CCS wfiere tlie net annual income (d' a single 

 eberiy tree, is greater than tha' of aliacreof cnl- 



livaled oro I, taking the average of the whole 



(•(nintv. 



We shall lake occasion ill another article, to 

 speak of some of the <Mnses which lone hilherto 

 retarded this cnltme, bereabouis, and of some 

 maltrrs which are necessary lo be known and 

 understood Iw tl ose who would successfnily en- 

 gage in \l.— lfoice.sler Spi/. 



nip, carrot and parsnip tops have l>een dug in_ 

 wliere the crops were grown ; the cnttings of 

 cm rant and cooseherry bushes have been chop- 

 peil lip and dug in lietween the hushes; and 

 straw hen y clearings have been used between 

 ihe rows of plants, as the only dressing they had. 

 Wfiiie these matters rolled slowly, they kept the 

 iiromid o|)en, and as ihey decomposed ihey en- 

 riched it. 



The tiiipst piece of siravvberries we ever saw, 

 was in a celebrated markel--ardener's ground at 

 Deplliiid, where the Irimmings wen^ always dug 

 in. We have iimpieslionable evidence lliat in 

 some places on the coniinenl, where vines are 

 cnbivateil, llie leaves and clippings are candidly 

 forked in about the roots as a dressing for the 

 next year. 



We" do not mean to infer that this dressing is 

 sufficient in all cases, because tla; bulk whicli 

 yoes away in the crop lias always bad something 

 from the soil; lliongb we diMiy that it has taken 

 anylhiiiL' near the qicnitiiy of matter found in it, 

 bel-aose we have nieniion"ed, and have proved by 

 experiment, that miicli of the ct.nlents of any 

 crop, no mailer what, is taken from the waler 

 anil Ihe atmosphere. But let ns mention one 

 jipplicalion which has never faileil ns— the leaves 

 of trees laid on pink beds, pansy licds, and au- 

 liiiim planted rammcnlnsses, and oilier subjects 

 whiidi are the better for protection, will almost 

 always nit by spring, and if then finked into the 

 ..roniidcaref'iilly without damaging the roots, will 

 be found an excellent dres.sing; protecling all 

 winter, and nourishing as they lot. And it is 

 well known that where leaves are allowed lo 

 rot into mould, there is not a more efficacious 

 dressing.— LojjrfoJi HoHicullural Magazine. 



Culture of Fruit. 



We are almost daily reminded of the ncccssi- 

 tv of a more gener.d anil extensive culture of 

 good fruit in New England, not only as a means 



Refuse of the Garden. 



One of the most important things lo be attend-^ 

 ed lo in a garden, is that <d' saving every atoin of 

 vegitaliles ihat can be scraped logelher. The 

 ste'liiS ol peas and beans, the mowings of grass, 

 the cuttiin;s and prnnings Irmii trees andshnib.s, 

 the lailen leaves, should lie ascarelully p-eserved 

 to be retiirni'd to the ground, as if they were the 

 ricbi St manure. In some instanci'S, this reluse 

 may he diii; into the mouiiil tit once in its green 

 slate; in others, it may be tlirown into a proper 

 place to decompose, and llie decomposilion be 

 assisted by means of other applicalions. 



Tlie objection made liy s e to diufiing in the 



refuse in "its green stale, has been, chiefly, the lia- 

 bility to nourish instead of destroy ing llie various 

 egi;s of the pest.< which annoy them, and tlial by 

 Ihi'owing the refuse in a heap to rot, a good deal 

 of this is deslroved. 



The refuse of ;i garden has been iiniiervabied, 

 or ralher not valued at all, up to a very recent 

 period ; lor, even outsiile market gardens in the 

 vicinity of London, there have been seen large 

 quantities of cabbage and brocoli leaves, and ve- 

 L'eiable waste id' all kinds, thrown there to be 

 Uiken by any one who cared fiir it, and removed 

 by coltai;ers for their pins and cows, or perhaps 

 lor the very purpose to wdiicli the gardener ought 

 10 have a'pplied them— the manuring of the 

 tiroinid. 



' Sell'-manurini', as il has been called, lias been 

 of late the subject of experiment in many places, 

 and has been written and talked of by many as 

 if il were a novelty, though we have been in the 

 habit nf using evi ry description of waste, not 

 only for the irjn-den; but on the field where it 

 caine from. 'Thus, polalo vines have been dug 

 in where potatoes came oS; cabbage leaves, tuf- 



from the BoBton Cultivator. 



Bominer's Manure. 



Messrs. EuiTORs:— I have te-sted Bommer"s 



patent method of making manure, and am saiis- 



fied that it is n valuable improvement. If the 



farmers will observe due regard to economy in 



his fixtures, and preparations for mannfiictining 



manures on Boinmer's plan, 1 am convinced that 



he will find himself abundantly repaid lor the 



outlay. .Manure of the best qnaliiy, and of any 



quantity, may be cheaply and expediliously niaii- 



nliicliued byihe process. Any farmers, who will 



pmrhase the method, and will faithlnlly use it, 



will he amply compensaleil for every expense ; 



.and no one, who will devote lo it proper attcn- 



nou, is under any necessity of remaining de.sti- 



inie of that supply of manure which his wants 



require. 



Alfred Haugkb. 



Oxford, Cl. July 1, 1845. 



Illinois Agriculture. 



A tViend ot ours, who has just returned from a 

 tour to prairie land, advises us of a lact which 

 we think u ill give a preity striking idea of the 

 .'i-eat a"riciillural resources of the Stale of Illi- 

 nois, aiid the important bearing which they .-ire 

 like to have upon the farming interests of other 

 -eclions of the Union, when the rich prairies of 

 ihis lar"-e Sniie shall generally be broufiht under 

 ..idlivalion. In speaking with a gentleman Irotii 

 Mi-sissippi, whom be met at Chicago, and wlio 

 |„„| ii-iiversed a large portion of Illinois in his 

 ioiirnev, in reference to the condition ol the 

 crops, "he was told by him thai in particular sec- 

 ti(nis he was surprised at the immense helils ol 

 wheal which were spread out before hi.n, appa- 

 reiil'y without discoimeciion, other than by cross 

 roads, ami on inquiring of a farmer, who occu- 

 pied a part of the land, as to the number ol acres 

 thus under cultivation in juxtaposition, m that vi- 

 cinity, he was informed that, by the earelullest 

 cimimtatioii that could be made, there were at 

 le.ist forhi thousand acres : and tins immense field 

 .rnve"|.romise of a yield per acre far exceeding 

 that of any previous year.— B('/f(/o Commeicial. 



Cold Water for Summer. 



The following is a simple mode of rendering 

 water'almosl as cold as ice: Let the jar, pitcher 

 or vessel used for water be snrroiiiided with one 

 or more folds of coarse cotton, to he eonsiantly 

 wet The evaporation of the water will carry 

 oft- the heat from the inside and reduce it to a 

 iVeeyin" point. In India and other tropi.-al re- 

 fiuiis where ice cannot he produced, this is cuni- 

 moil. Let every mecbauic or luboiw have at bi» 



