<2^l)c i-armcv'o IHouthhj biiutciv. 



103 



scientific aifrinultiirist. We gladly tjiiibracfid iiri 

 iiiviiiiiion, a d ly or nvo since, In lido with liim 

 oiil lo " Tliirf; Hills Kuiiii.'" It <'<iiii|.ii.si o jiliiuit 

 lt"0 iKMvs ol'liiit: luiiil, mid is sIiiimIi'iI jdiuiit lliieu 

 mill's liciin tlii^ cily. Tliu ii;;iii»iiiii hoii-e stjuids 

 iit.Mily li.ill'ii mile Iroiii llie ;;rt'al wi'sieiii lnrii- 

 (like, ;md is readied liy ii cross riind. The loca- 

 tion is deliL'liiriil. A fine avenue of aliont 40 

 rods leads ii|i iVoiu tlie road lo llic ample dvvfd- 

 liiiif. It is surrounded liy spreadiii!; shade trees. 

 The iar^'e finiden is spread out in (Vont; llie li'- 

 tle liaiidi't of capacious and xvell-arraii^'ed out- 

 houses — inrhiding the liirinery, slaliles, liuriis, 

 Sranary, piyt;eiy, shecplblds, &c. &c. — e>teii(ls 

 back froin the rear; on iIk' ri^lit rise ahrnptly the 

 three toweriii;; and curious conical hills, \\ hiidi 

 •Xive the tiiriii its name; and on ihe lel't ^pread 

 out the broad fii Ids of glass and jjraiii quite to 

 (lie turnpike. 



A plance at the premises is eiioiijrh to convince 

 the olisirver th.il IVir. Hemfm is ;i siiccrss'id ex- 

 ] erimeiilal I'armer. Anil such he certainly is. 

 He nndersla'ids the business of a^'riciiltnie iho- 

 ron<.dily in .all its branches, lie lias made it his 

 study ilmiinr his lei^nre horns liir many years, 

 and the results are seen in an exiraorilinaiily 

 [irodnetive and hii:lil_\ cnltivaled soil, ami a S)den- 

 did 8t<ick ot' blond ealtle and swine. 



We have no v\ here seen ihis season, finer look- 

 in<j corn and potatoe crops, or stonier fields of 

 '• uolden yrain," than cover poriioiis of " Three 

 Hills Farm." A field id' heavy L'r.iss attracted 

 oiir Hitenlion, for the hay crop "ill not _\ iehl an 

 !ivera;;e Ihis year. Mr. I>. inlljiiiied n< that he 

 iiltiihiMi'd the stii-n<;lh id" Ihe crop to the opera- 

 tion of fr?!/^n7ciVf is.'ics, "hiidi bad been thickly 

 .spread over it. This is an inierestiiij.' evpeiiinent, 

 and will prove a profitable one too, as tlie.se ashes 

 have lieen considered vvoitldess relnse. 



We look much pleasure in inspectini; Mr. Re- 

 me Ill's lai ireand iineipialleil slock of cattle. They 

 are of Ihi! full Dmhaiiiand Knylish crossbreeds. 

 The milch cows are splendid crcatnies, liearin^' 

 as little reseinlilance lo the eoinmon dairy cows 

 <if ihe country, as a hii;b born dame in re;;al robes 

 does to the poor bei;L'ar at the W'.i\-side. And 

 all 1 « hat visions of savory "spare rib" and "prime 

 mess" polk break upon ibe enr.-iplined soul, as 

 the eye wanders over ilie ^'niniiiifr and sijiieakiiiy 

 treasures of the capacious pi!r;L;ery ! These loii;;- 

 boilied, fiiicdiaiicd, iip-eared, "aboiiiiiiations" of 

 Ihe Hebrews are of the Reikshire, Chinese, Ne- 

 npolilan, and other bi<;li breeds. Sirs I they are 

 none ol wmr mire-wallowers, with tails lied np 

 so lijrblly as to threaten the n|iliflini' of their 

 binder jiarls from ihe earth ; not a bit of it I Thej 

 me swine of a liii;lier caste and a finer irrade : 

 well (ed, well lioii~iil, and above all, as well bred 

 as they will be well corned. 



About 40 rods b;iek from ihe M.-iiision House 

 !i fine lake h;is been formed by building' a dam 

 across a never fiditi^' stream. It is skirted by 

 romaiilic woodland .scenery, and is a cool and 

 sbaily reire.it ticmi the noon-day sun. But Mr. 

 Beinent has taken care to turn this water power 

 to good account. He has built a minialnre mill 

 :•. roil or two from the dam, into which a volume 

 of water is coiidneted. This is made lo serve a 

 double purpose : It turns a small water-wheel, 

 which sets in motion a pocket edition of a i;rist 

 iiiiil. In this be liriiiils all his coarse l(-ed fin his 

 bo>;s and callle. and thus saves a deal of labor 

 mid lime. The dull hours ni" a rainy day may 

 Ihns be well emploved. i\Ir. It. lias rig^'ed aliiice 

 pump by the side of his mill wheel. This is 

 connected w iih pipes whieli Ic'id up to the Man- 

 sion House, fiuiuery and oiit-!i<mses, lhronj;h 

 which the pnm|i forces 2000 pillions of water in 

 94 hours; an ample supply for all |iurposes con- 

 nected with Ihe large esiablishnieiit. T'liis is an 

 inv.diiable advaiitaL'e, for every body knows lliat 

 ])leiiiy of irood water is ii jrreal blessinn. 



Mr. Hi'Uieni seems to liaie ii.ade ^'ood and pro- 

 fit ible use of every n.itiiral advanta^re wiihiii his 

 reach, and is enjoying tlie benefits that are 

 only to be derived from a practical and scientific 

 knowledge of .\ffricultnrc in its various branches. 

 About 120 acres of his farm are under cidlivalion 

 — the remainder is heavy wood-land,covered with 

 good timber. The fine landscape scenery which 

 may be enjoyed from one of the Three Hills near 

 the Mansion House is well worth the lime spent 

 i 1 a visit to Ihe farm, and will fully repay the an- 

 ti-dyspeptic exercise necessary to reach the tow- 

 ering siimniit. The eye lakes in n vast expanse 



ofeliumpaisne country, adorned with every varie- 

 ty of rural scenery, and commands ii fine view of 

 the neiglihoi lug 1|. Iili'rberg range of hills, and 

 the dislunt peaks of the blue Calskills. 



CiTTi.vG Food for Cattle. — In a tract en- 

 lilled .Yutirci J'ur (I Yoini'X t'tirinrr, written by the 

 Hon. .ludire I'eters, formerly president of Ibe 

 I'.nnsj Ivania Agricullnral society, are the follow- 

 ing directions: 



"Cut or chaff your hay, straw, corn tops, or 

 blades, and even your stalks with a straw cutler, 

 and you will save a great proporlioii which is 

 otherwise wasted or passed lliron^ih the animal 

 wilhonl eoiilrihuling to its i:oiiiisliiiieiit. One 

 biisliel of I'll. died hay al a mess, given in a Iroiigb, 

 three limes in iwenly-linir hours, is sufiieieui lur 

 a horse, ox, or cow. A bushel of chafli,'i| hay, 

 lighlty pres.scd, weighs li-oin five lo five and a half 

 poll' ds. .\ hcirse or honied beast ihrives more 

 on fifteen pounds thus given lliaii on tweiily-(<iur 

 or twenty-five pounds as commonly expended 

 {i' eluding wa>te) in the usu.'il manner of leeding 

 ill rjieks; lo wliiidi troughs, properly conslrneteil, 

 aie lar pretiiable. Salt your clover and other 

 Kiiccnieiil, as well as coarse bay. But over salt- 

 ing diminishes the imlriment. iMore than a peek 

 to a ton is superfluous. Half that ipiaiitily is 

 oflen siitiicieni. Ten orfiftei'u pomiils is usually 

 an ample allowance. Feeding your stock by 

 weight and measure of tiiod will not only save 

 your provender, by its orderly dislribuiion, but 

 frequeutly save the lives of .-inimals, loo ofien 

 starved by nigaardliiicss or neglect, or gorged and 

 destroyed by profusion. Ii' it be triie, as it is, 

 iliat the master's e_\e makes the horse fat, 'it is 

 ef]nally so that the master's eye prevents the horse 

 tiMin beiiii; pampered, wanton, pnrsive, bloateil, 

 foundered, and finally wind broken and blind.' 



If hay is sailed by using salt in substance, it 

 should be done at the lime it is deposited in the 

 mow. It is often a good practice to sprinkle a 

 solution of salt in water over bay or oilier fooil 

 Irir cattle in the winter lime, especially if the fod- 

 der be of an inferior qiialiij." 



A Man groivn by Guano and Electricity. 



The New Haven Courier tells the following 

 capital story : ".\ citizen ol' this place while re- 

 cently on a tour in the Slate of New York, was 

 itiductd to make one of the audience of an itin- 

 erant lecturer who was holding birth upon the 

 efficacy of electricity as iipplird to vegelable pro- 

 duciions. In the course of bis harangue, giiaiio 

 was incidentally jillnded to as a powerful .igeul 

 in quickening the growth of plants, and the ef- 

 fects of both were displayed in such glowing lan- 

 guage that the aiidilory soon imagined themselves 

 slaiiding in the iiiidsl of a field and endeavoring 

 to uieasme llie height of the grain beliire it »\as 

 out of reach. The whole assembly were in a fine 

 slate of enthusiasm, and swallowed down the 

 wonders revealed to them with open months and 

 slai ling eyes, when a plain looking oldfiunier 

 arose, ami, with .apparently much diffidence, beg- 

 ged leave to confirm the li'ctnrer's statements, by 

 ihe relation ol'an incident which he had recently 

 witnessed, and to which he was a party. 



' I have,' said he, ' a very bad boy, named Toiii- 

 niy ; he's given us a good deal ol trouble, and 

 having tried various methods to reform him with- 

 out success, I told my wife that it would be best 

 U) try something that was new, and rather more 

 severe. Accoidingly we agreed lo shut him al 

 night in the b.iru. This answered very well fiir 

 awhile, but he grew' worse again, till finally I 

 was obliged to shut biiu up ill the barn every 

 night by smuluwii. Well, one n'lglit while Toiu- 

 luy was roosting wiih the cattle, and I was ill bed, 

 there came on a tremendous Ihimder sloriii. It 

 ligiiiened sharp enough to put out a man's eyes, 

 and thundered so loud that it made the house rat- 

 lle like a snare-drnm. Feeling rallier micasy 

 about the boy, I got up etiily in the morning and 

 went out to see how he lined. .As I was going 

 to the barn, 1 met a man most eight foot high 

 coming towards me. 1 never liud seen such a 

 tall ciitter in all my life before, and I begun to 

 feel sorter scarible at liaviug him about my prem 



get stretched out so Ion-; in one night? why, yoii'r^ 

 glowed as tall as all out doors, don't yon know 

 it ?' ' Why, ye-j, lather,' says he, ' I s'pose I have, 

 liir last iiiglil I slept on them b.igs of guano you 

 put ill Ihe barn, and that and the lii;hiuiug to- 

 iiciber jiisl did the business.' The eli'ect oi' ibis 

 story upon ihe andience was indeed eleciric. 

 IVal upon peiil of langliler follmved, the people 

 went off every way, and Ihe ii-xi day the lecturer 

 upon electricity and guano was uuioiig the inis- 

 Sim;.' 



._.^.,. 'Hallo,' says I, as soon as I could speak, 

 'who are yui? and what are you doing in 

 my barn-ytird .'' The strange looking animal 

 answered in a little squeaking child's voice. 

 ' Why, father, it's me ; don't yon know Tortiniy ?' 

 ' You ?'' sa\s I ; ' why Tom, how on earth did yon 



Accidents to Indian Corn. 



Messrs. Eihtoks, — I have not the arrogance 

 lo suppose that any wisilom of mine will be 

 •rrcatly valuable lo your .igricnltural readers ; but 

 as I li'el a lively int •rest in their pursuits, and as 

 the physiology of vegeiailon is with me a tiivoriie 

 study, I will, with your permission, suggest two 

 or three hints in relation lo the ciilime oi' Indian 

 cu)u, hoping they may be of some practical 

 benefit. 



In the flowers of all plants — unless the ferns, 

 mosses, and similar forms of vegetation, lie ex- 

 ceptions — the organs that perliirm the principal 

 oflico in reprodnciion, are lliestomeH.9 and pistils, 

 the tiirine- being barren, the latter, in frivorable 

 circumstances, tertile. In many plants, as the 

 radish, the potaloe, the clover, these different or- 

 gans are located in the .s;iine individual flower or 

 floret. 'I'heic is another race, in whiidi tbestami- 

 iiale stud pistillate organs are on the same plant, 

 but are in separate groups by themselves. The 

 cucumber and tlii^ mulberry tire specimens of 

 this class, and so are most of nnr forest trees. 

 Here also belongs the Ii ilian corn. There is a 

 tliiid cliiss in which the barren or slamiuate flow- 

 ers are on one individual plant, and the fertile or 

 pistillate flowers on anoilier. The hemp and 

 poplar are well known examples. 



Ill each of these lliri'e classes there is upon the 

 stamens a dust which botanists call the pollen ; 

 and though most kinds of vegetation may be 

 piopagati d from the root, and many from layers 

 or culliiigs, like the ninlberry, the seed or germ 

 of the new ]daiu cannot be produced unless this 

 dust is scallered upon the pistil. Hence, by the 

 way, as only the staminale tree of the Lomriardv 

 poplar has been introduced into this couniry, h 

 has never been reproduced from the seed. lis 

 propaaation lia.s been effected only by tiieans of 

 layers or roots; and this is the reason", I have lit- 

 tle donbl, that this species of the poplar, which, 

 when first iiilrodiieed iiitf> the counlrv, was a 

 beamilid Iree, and commanded a most extrava- 

 gant price, has now so fiir deteriorated as to be 

 entirely worihless. 



In the Indian corn the slamiuate flowers are 

 tho.se arranged in a semt-<'onical form at the lop 

 of ihe plant. F.very one who has passed Ihrough 

 a corn-field ill the flowering season, must have 

 observed a profiision of dust from these stamens. 

 The fibrous, sil|i-like appendages at the end of 

 Ihe ear, Ihe base ol" each of which is em losed by 

 the hnsks^are the pistils. These threads lead 

 along the rows, and each one is connected tvilh some 

 enihn/o kernel of cor». Now in order to the iin- 

 |iiegiiaiion, Ibrmalion, and growth of these ker- 

 nels, it is necessary th.it the fructifying dust from 

 the flower above fidi upon these filaments pro- 

 ji eliiiir from the end of the ear. But this is not 

 all. It is supposed to be indisfien.sable to the 

 formation of each kernel, that the filament lead- 

 ing to it should receive a portion of the pollen. 

 Kxperimenis have been made, which to my mind 

 ele.irly prove this fact. When I remove the silk 

 entirely from lli<! ear before the plant is in flower, 

 there will not be ii kernel produced. You will 

 observe a sort of receptacle for the seed, but the 

 ear, for all practicable purposes, is de.'ilroyed. 

 The satue is true, when iii'-tetid of removing these 

 filaments we eirdle the end of the ear tightly 

 with a cord, thoHi;h the dust is allowed to con e 

 in contact with llie pistils. So if before the dust 

 fiom the siamens begins to tjill, one of these 

 threads be destroyed, the particular recepiable 

 or germ to which it led, is not impregnated, and 

 no kernel will be fiirmed there. 



Of these fiicts it is believed many intelligent 

 and judicious fiuniers are ignorant. VVheii a boy, 

 I used often in the flowering season of corn to 

 aimise myself by gathering the silk sometimes ' "" 

 in considerable quantities fiom the newly formed 

 ear, without the letist siis|)icion of the injury I 

 was doing; and I have since seen the firmers 



to 



