i ^.^ m i.fr ^mv9v^rr< ■ 



^\)t Jaxmtx's illout!)l|) llisiiov. 



i.>j 



one sliii) hiiildlng house here en)|iloys iiolliinrr 

 hut iron, ami ihej- liavc on tliuir stocks i'oii.-t:uuly 

 Kcven iron slt';wner», siiul iis last ;is oii<; is launcli- 

 (■(I, ■■inoihir is conmicncfil on llie "ays i<ti6 hiis 

 jnst led. 'J'his liouse hiul on their houks orilors 

 !'or 9;{ Bleainers a (cu- months ago, liow niany 

 llioy iiavi! now, I Itnow not, hut [iroliably in.\ny 

 inorr, as tin; popuhuity of iron as n ifiiitcrial liir 

 huildiug Vl!^selI?, is constantly increasing. Tlni 

 niunhor ol' iron vessels huildin^' liy ollu'r housus 

 in London, hesides Hull, New (yastlc-on-Tyue, 

 T.iiih, Dnndci', Aherduen, Ghisirow, I-iveriiool, 

 Ihislol, &-C. &.C. would reidly surprise yon. if I 

 liad the lime to collect the facts on thesuhjcct. 

 The consnni|ilini! ol' iron for honso hiiildinj;, par- 

 ticularly for roofs, floors, joists, columns, window 

 sills and shnllors, and other parts of house.f, is 

 very rapidly increasiujr. The rnusuniption tor 

 oilier pui-p(i;-e3 is also icry rapidly inereusinir, 

 and 1 will mention only one UHnc (iiel to illus- 

 trate this. 1 look some American friends a short 

 timi- since, lo the ensineering estalilishinoiit of 

 8ir Jolin Reuuie, to sic nine pairs of hu;re gates 

 fir the locks oi the (lock of the great jiovern- 

 nu-nt naval statioii of Sehastipole, in South Uu.9- 

 sin. These cates, of conrsi; consisted of east iron 

 rihs and tiei;, r.nd the filliii;,' n|i was wroniiht 

 (holler) iron, and were 64 tiiet hroad hy :i'J feet 

 liiuh, and eaidi gate weighing.' 100 tons, ii;akinEr 

 1600 tons of iron for thi!se 18 irates, 1 should 

 weary you il' I should continue to relate Ib'ts to 

 siiov,' the jjrt'aily increiised consurnplion of iron 

 heeause it is cheap. Jt will he so in our coun- 

 try, also, if we reduce the price, and the iron 

 tiinsters in the United States will he more profit- 

 ed hy seliiii;;- 1000 Ions ul $50 |)er ton, liian hy 

 sellin.;; 500 tons at- .$75 per ton. Nothinj; stiituj- 

 laies consumption so unich as low prices, and 

 iMMhiug cheeks it so nuieli as hi;;li |iriees." 



trees |)lanted in a stifTcfnyey loam, which had 

 not horne any fruit for seven or ei^dit yeais. — 

 Last fdl hi; strewed a ipiantiry of s.alt around the 

 roots, and this season they are han^'ing full of 

 fruit. Jt is an experiment easily tried, and il'sue- 

 cessfnl a very eheiip mode of manuring the 

 trees. 



Some sjieeies of phims will not thrive unless 

 planted whei'e the salt water can oeciisionally 

 wash their roots, or unless salt is applied, as in 

 the case of the liCach plum; aui\ it seems that 

 salt is con^xenial to all kinds. Downinir, in his 

 "Friuts ;uid Fruit Trees of America," says; in 

 common salt we have one of tlichest fertilizers 

 for the plum tree, ll not only prou'^oies its health 

 and hixurioiisness, hut, froin the dislike which 

 most insects have lo this suhstaiicc, it drives 

 away or destroys triost of those to v\hich the 

 phnii is liahle. The most successful iiimn grow- 

 er in our nei^'hhnrhond, applies, 'with the hest re- 

 sults, half a peek of co ii-.<e salt to the smfitoe of 

 round under each hearing tree, annually. 



the j 



ahout the first of April.- 



-Maine Farmer. 



Tile following Lines are from the pen of Lient. Gen. 

 ruRGOYNE, written upon receiving the iievvd of tlie 

 tle.ith of his wife, the Lady Charlotte Stanley. She 

 w: s second daughter of thi> Eail of Derby; and died 

 :;l Kensington Palace in 177G, whilo the General was 

 i.: conuaanj hi America.— -Co;-. Hilt's Patriot. 



•Enconipnssed in an angel's fraifie. 



An angel's virtues hy; 

 Too sooii (lid Heaven assert its claim. 



And call ils own away. 



3.'y Anna's worth, my Anna's cliarnis, 



Must never more return'; ' : 



AVhat, mrj\ can till these widoivifl uTmsi' 



All ma! my Anna's. TTrnI 



These lines were published in the General's coinedy 

 called the "Maid of the Oaks." V. 



'!%e folio w'mg lines are from the pen of Fitz GrCen 

 lialleclc — descriptive of IV'ew England character. 



" iiut these are but their outcasts: viewlfaeui luar 

 .\l Home, where ;dl tiieir worth and^iride i:i.pUcedi , 

 .\nd there, ihoir hospitable fires, burn dear: ' ^,y. 



And there, the lovviiest f.irm-h.euse hearth ia gira,qed 

 With manly li;Nu-ts: in piety sincei-e, 

 In honor stern and clinstc — in danger lirave ; 

 Beloved in lii'e, and sainted in the grave. 



" And minds lune there been nurtered, whose control 



Is ft;lt e'en in their nation's destinv: 



Jien vvlio sw.iyed Senates with a statesman's si.al, 



And looked 01 armies, with a leader's eye: 



N ;ines whi"]! adorn and dignify the .Scroll 



Whose laws contain their Country's History: 



And tales of love and war: — now lis! to one 



Of Ihe White .'Manntainper — thp i?tur': of Renniiigtnn; 



'• When Oil til it field, his band the iIessi:uia.fou"ht, 

 Briefly he spoke before the fight began — 

 ' Soldiers, those German gentlemen were bought 

 For four pounds eight and seven pence per m:iii. 

 By England's King* — a bargain, it w:;s thought. 

 Are we worth more .' Let's prove it while we can, 

 For we must beat them, boys, ere ayt of sun. 

 Or .Mary Stark's a leidow.' It was done.'.' 



* The I^rituli Ctiv.TNUient cunUHctt-d wilti tiic Priucr. nr 

 Ilesse Cassel to pay that ainnimt fc.r every Hessian soldier n lui 

 was lost in the war. General Stark made nseof that argument 

 to cheer on his troups to the attack. ■ 



PicKi.i.NG Tlcm Trees.— It has been frequent- 

 ly lecouiiiieniled to strew salt around plum trees, 

 not only for the purpose of destroyiuff the L'ruhs 

 of the cuiculio which may he in tiie soil, hut to 

 siiuiulatethe tree to hear. 



We saw a successful experiment of this kind 

 the other day, in the garden of onr brother Caot. 

 P. C. Holmes, of Gardiner. He has several pliim 



Meteorological Observations at Concord, 



Tcl^Pil JHjt Itrfare .•.■iii'-i-i.--e ruiil 3 u'cloch P. M. 

 BY /K, CHA1SDI.ER. 



Character vf ClouJ-'^ etc. 



iieii.se fog. 



cimts. 



rirro siratit.^. 



liglic rain. 



ciiiu-.^lralus. 



r.iimiiii. 



ciniif. 



cirro-stratus. 



cleiir aiiU ttac. 



cirrus. 



cirro-stratus. 



cirroand cumiilo sstiatus 



raiilin;; lightly. 



cuinwio-siratus. 



cirro-^tiams. 



clear. 



dense t'ti|?. 



cirrd ciiiiuiliis. 



cirro-strahn. 



cirro-stratus, 

 cirro-i^lratiis. 

 lifht fiosti 

 rirro-r-.inmlns. 

 d«nse f,ig — hard frost. 

 cirro-sUatus, 

 [light rain, 

 light tiiiii. 

 rtcnse I'os;. 

 i,uinulo-:itratus. 

 cl-:ar and fiiii\ 

 cirrn-euinuliis. 

 eiirus, liigijy. 

 cirro-^ciaius. 

 cirro-stratus, 

 [cirro-ciironlns. 

 St. — rained ill the liiglit. 

 cum'ilas. 

 llstratts. 

 |cirro-otraln.?. 

 rainlii;;, 

 Isiratus. 

 clear in the zenith. 



dense f.ip. 



cirro and cnmuln-ptratns. 



cirro-5-tratus. 



cirro-stratus. 



siratiis. 



cirro str.ltiis. 



dense fug. 



clear. ■ 

 5[stratu.-i. 

 4[cirro-stralus. 



stratus. 



frirro stratus. 



dense fo'j. 



cirro-stratus. 



For the Farmer's Mouthiy Visitor. 

 Dissertation upon iManiires ; 

 Read before the jVcrrimack ..'Agricultural Society, 

 Oct. 8, 1845! 

 By Lev; jlJARTLiCTT, oT Warner. 

 Mil. Presidp.vt:^! feel that I am wiiolly in- 

 dehted to yon for the honor of this niy firs^ aji- 

 peai'anee before an audience as a speaker; for it 

 was at your sui.>-f;estiou ihtit 1 was appointed lo 

 read a dissertfltion before this nierting iipou the 

 sidiject of " miuiur".-." Peilinps h::d the selec- 

 tion been left lo niysell', ! should have chosen 

 some other thcine, — [lerhaps, htive given a lec- 

 ture upon the cultivaliou of flowers, as that 

 would have been a subject to_ have interested 

 tlie- ladies, rather than the ilry and rnsty subject 

 of manure-', which upon the first thongSt ap- 

 j!ear.-j to he liither a stale matter. But when we 



come to apply the" sober second thought," we 

 at once recognize its iiiiporlanire, for upon the 

 rii;ht mantigement and a|iplic:ition of manures 

 '• hang all the law and the j,rq/ils of agricnlluro"; 

 for we are all well aivaie of t!ie fact, thai to at- 

 tempt to cultiv.-itc most of the soils in tins soctiou ' 

 of the eouuli-y without- applying to il, in suffi- 

 cient quantities, the appropriate food of the 

 plants wo wish to cullivate, we receive iiut poor 

 wages for onr hihor, .ind gi-adually impoverish 

 our laiul.s — a practice that has already been car- . 

 ried to such an e.\teut, thtit many which svere 

 once gooil and productive farms, htive become so 

 impoverished they do not prodiico one half, aiid 

 in sii.iie instances one third Ihe former produce, 

 nor keep half the amount of neat stock they did , 

 some forty or filly years ago. This slate of 

 things has' heen hron^lit about, (i:irtly by circmii- 

 stun.'os beyond onr control, hut more li-eq-ueutly, 

 fi-om a bad system of cnliivation, anil, severe 

 cro(ipiug, without maUiiig adeqn.-ae returns to 

 the soil, for the heavy' drafis annindly made upon 

 it. 



" I'lants need food, as well as animals; and 

 uitliout it neither can grow, but must periiih. — 

 But how does maniire act in the soil ? how doe.s 

 it (lied |)hinls? It acls precisely as food to man 

 and :ininial.«." "Plants and tmimtils are both 

 enabled to grow upon what they eat, and al- 

 though their mode of eating is different, ihey 

 both gi'ow hy uhat they feed on, and in no other 

 way." Th'is being the fact, then it hecomes 

 I'irmers to pi'ovide food for their growing ei'ops, 

 and to take every possible means to increase 

 llieir manure heaps, both in quantity and qual- 



But too many of IIS are sadly in fniilt iu this 

 lesjiecl: when a farmer sufi'ers the lains and 

 melting snows to wash out of his manure the 

 soiuhle and most valuable parts of it, he acts 

 upon abotit as economical ti plan as he would to 

 cany his corn lo mill and get it ground iiiid bolt- 

 ed, and then throw away the flour and eat the 

 bran. When he suft'ers his manure heaps to 

 heat excessively and it hecomes mouldy atul dry, 

 or fire-finged as it is termed, he acls upon the 

 ■•ame iniucinh; he would if he were to fill a ket- 

 tle with first pi'oof spirit, and put it over a fire 

 and attempt to hoil il down to fourth proof! I^n 

 hotli cases the volatile part, (the spirit,) takes to 

 iUtilf Wings and flies away, and is lost in the 

 aHJ.''^'^- 



ill this section of ihe country, the farmer mu.st 

 (h'pehd principally for his manure, to feed his 

 ciojis — upon his stock of catile — his piggery — and 

 Ills \vaste manors about his dwelling-liouso ; and 

 it will be my object at this time to suggest a few 

 hints in the mauagement of these niattei'.s. Few 

 rarniers in this county have inani!i-e cellars tin- . 

 der their barns; but- to sucli as have, i will ofler 

 a few hints, even at the risk of not advancing 

 one single nev/ idea. To prevent loss hy wash- 

 ing av>ay',"ihe bottpm of the cellar, if of a loose 

 or graveriy n.tture, ' should have a coating of 

 clay morlar spread over it, and then a plank 

 floor. It- would, if kcjit moist, probably last one 

 tiniidred years, though I have not tried it, so 

 long; but at any rate, it would prevent the drain- 

 agi! from soaking into the ground — and very 

 miiidi facilitate the removal of the manure hy 

 the shovel and fork. There shcnid be a good 

 quantity of dried swamp muck, ]ieat, leave's and 

 soil from the woods, sau- dust, or even spent 

 b;irk from the tan-yard, if nothing bettor can he 

 olilaiiied, spread over llie lloor in the first place; 

 and the iciinure from the hovels, both solid and 

 liquid, should be daily dropped into the cellars; 

 and during the sumnier tiie cows should be tied 

 up iit night and littered ; the hovol should be 

 well ventilated, by having the windows or doors 

 open. Every few days additional quantities of 

 muck, &c. should he thrown in; and the swine 

 should be kept there to root ovcrand mix np the 

 whole mass. I believe the quantity and quality 

 of ihe manure, from a given number of cattle, 

 managed in this way, would be quadrupled, 

 when coniptired with the careless and slovenly 

 course pursued by many farmeis in this mat- 

 ter. 



r,\it, as before observed, there are fa-.v fiirmers 

 that have Cellars under their barns, and lec, that 

 have not, ought to manage the best way we can. 

 Then in the first place, the hovel floors should he 

 jcaier-tight, and one of the floor plank in the rear 

 of the catiie, sunk two inches, to form a kind of 



