__l5:'^ lanttcr^s iHontltln bftiit^ 



I'jQ 



tliiiii lliiii of Kiii:lfiiril. lull liDlli o/'llicii; jiu^ .-([irrc- 

 !> luill iliH J-iZiMifiln'^c i-rmili"! rir>', ■ IKI lit iiiipT. 

 ii.!iMii.i. f5.,\cir. 'f'ho,--c .■\liil.itiMl lit-jr uomM mil 

 llic Eiiyiisli ill, (I <-(iiiiii,,.|ilMl innrKcis, jiikI Hdiild 

 l.ir Mi'il 111 imy rxii'iii. 



C/in}imav.— \ |.l(iiitci| n.iu,- in |i,|,iii_v soil — pir- 

 1..-M«-il III.' ,ai-ili w.'ll iiliiHii ili,. iliiurfi— "iii.-nil 

 lli.Mti Hill_mi.| iliil „<ii liisc leii out oC tlie one 

 Iiiiiiilieil iiiiil flfiy |i|.iiiis. • 



Gen. Chrt::dlei:—Au<[ iliose w liidi 1 set mit liii^t 

 S|iiiia', lix.il mill l!iiiiri>lii'il. 



.Mr. Il'iiktmnii.— My liiiiiilv luive tried Mi-. Biites' 

 cnii'l.u; I irs, 1111(111, iiiiilil,,,,,; fXCflleiit. Tlif\ are 

 larjrei- ili.-m mliii- cninl.i.n irs. 



Dr. Unilvrhill. — 'I'll.' craiilipri-y piobalily irti- 

 jii-nves ill all lespecls hy llie liaiiif,'i- li-cm Miaisli 

 to ii|ilanil. Willi grapes Icvo alluvial ivft pi.si- 

 liiiiifj, lint iheir flavor is not to lie roiiipaieil wiili 

 tlioso <;rovvinn in t\t\ soils. Tin; wild ^^rape lias 

 a lliii'U skill, liaril pulp, l.n-fre sccmIk. By ciilKiie 



ill dry siliialions, ilie ski id seeds Iierouie one 



liairiess tliick and largo, and ilie pulj. almost dis- 

 appenrs. 



AnIiMals. — It is imqiinstjaiiiililv trne lliat dn- 

 nieslir animals may lie well lodged, and well fed, 

 Jiiid yet liennconif'ortalile. WliejecleafilinBss is 

 not M-iiardcd, even llioiii;li tlierH should he irood 

 sJieds, sialls anil food, tlio condiiion of the <iiii- 

 iiials will not he envialile: la\iiig in tillh, and on 

 a sinliice necessarily roufjii and iineven, friizen 

 ••xc-renient and mine, in cold ueaiher, prodnces 

 restlessness and misery, and not iiiilreqiieiiih, 

 di-easi- and death. If the floor he level, the aii'i- 

 iiiiil will neither lie nor stand with ease. 'J'he 

 exi-reiiieiil instead (if lieiiij; conveved ofl^ as is 

 the case where tlier^ is a sli-ht ileelinatinn to- 

 wards the hinder part of the floor, will nccninn- 

 late heneaih the animal, and render his lied cold 

 and wet. 'J'he mancer, also, shimlil he so con- 

 structed as to admit of his food lieiiig taken wilh- 

 om snhjeciiiis him to any painful effr.rt in ohiain- 

 iiif; it, or loss from Irampliiii; and foiiliii>; it with 

 his feet. 



Fruin Colemmi's European Agriculliire. 

 Fruits and Vegetables ia Ungland. 



Kiiiiliinil may with reason hoasi ol the tiiieness 

 of her fruits, especially as, in this mailer, she has 

 to contend wi.h the adverse influences of teiii- 

 peraiiire and climate. 'J'he conntrv ahomids-in 

 ^reen-honses, liot-lnnises, conservatories and 

 torcinjr.heils. Ail the appliances of art, and the 

 liii;liest moaniire of horticiiltmal skill, are exert- 

 ed to counteract the nnfivorahle circumstances 

 miller which their cnliivatiun is carried on. 



The hot lionse or <;reeii-lioiise prodiiciions of 

 Enjilaiid, (such as pine-apples and "rapes,) are 

 not surpassed hy any wlncli ( have ever lasterl. 

 The orapes are maiinificent in size and delicious 

 in tai^te. J cannot s.iy that there are no native 

 grapes, and none irrowing in the open air: lint I 

 do not recollect iiieeliii<; with any. It .ieems to 

 .me to lie the hmnidiiy of the climate of England, 

 rather jliaii ius low lemperatme, wliicli prevents 

 ihe rijieniij^i of many thiits and plants, which 

 are ^'rown to perfeciion in an equally liiuh i.iti- 

 tnde on the vvesiern continent. It reinaiiis to he 

 seen what will he ihe result of (hat remarkahle 

 system ot\diaina;L'e, which is here prosecuted in 

 ilifll'ient (uirls ol the country with I'reat spirit, 

 and which hidslliir to lircomc general, if not uni- 

 versal, lissanalary effects upon the hiiinan, as 

 well as xlie brute aniinnl, are sai^l to he alread\, 

 III some j>!acps, delerinineil. 



The sijiajler Irnits— siicli as .straw lieirii's rasp 

 hen ies,';oo.sel)aiTies and cinraiit,_are cull ivaleil 

 with tireyt soccers. Ota kind of strawheriies, 

 ciilled the .\lpine Pine, and more piopeilv the 

 Ellon Piiie, the size is niosl leiiiarkaide, ten of 

 them, as I saw in the iiKirket of niinijcp, where 

 they are cultivated in perfei-iion, a/-lii,dly uei-h- 

 inj.' a p/)iind avordiipois. J .saw oihers as laii;e,il 

 the hoiiii-iilinral cxiiihitioiis, called In- a ditfeienl 

 name; hiii tho.se were forced in pots in ^Meeii- 

 hoilses. 



Of phinis there are se\ eral kinds ; damsons an- 

 common ; the Orleans pimn, the large Egg plum, 

 resemhling what Ixhinkis calluil "wiiirns, Bol- 

 inar's Washington, are the most esteemed"; lint 

 they are not ahmidaiit, and I cannot say that those 

 which I have seen are equal to those seen in the 

 hest markets of the United States, and especially, 

 of all other places, at Alli:iiiy, in New Vork! 

 wliere this linit is foiinil in a de'^jreeuf perfei-tinn 

 nnd abundance which I have seen no w here else. 



(^;hViii<iK aid ple.iily tu ihe mJo, . , _ i 



I rilri tii,.|i : rlie Tilrtaiian, the Higam .ii.,ilie laj--e 

 Jii.i k-hiait anil iMazzanl, itredomimite. 



reail..es, neciariiles, and api icois, are seen oc- 

 casirnally at private table.-, and in great perlt-c- 

 tioii, thoogh in \eiy small qiiainities, at the great 

 M.aikel, and at some of ihe splendiil fruit-shops 

 in London. Peaches are grown in liivi.ralile sit- 

 uations on open walls, hni in general under glass, 

 and i-arlj/.in the season are lori:ed hy an artiticial 

 t-lim.-ile. They i.re hronght to great perli^ctioii in 

 appearance, and command, when first they ap- 

 pear in llie uiarkei. l«-.. i;uineas{orab«iit leii dol- 

 lars and ;i halt I per dozen. 



The luxury in vvhicli the higher and wealthier 

 clas.ses in I ngland live, is probahly uneqiialled 



i'i'''ii.y < try, and is, perhaps, not "surpassed iii 



Ihe history ol Roman giaiiilenr or Oriental mag- 

 nificence. They expend, whether willing or nn- 

 willing, wiih a profusion uliich it is ditJienIt tiir 

 those of us hmiighi lip in the si-hool ol restricted 



and liumhle mea-is ni lerslnnd ; and m respect 



to irne liheraliiy, there is proliahly the .-iaine di- 

 versity of disposition and character to he liimiil 

 asatnong those, wlio, instead ol' dispensing gni- 

 l»eap, a'|-« obliged to keep their reckoning in pence 

 and liirtJiings. 1 do not forget that excessive 

 wealth, as well asexireme peniiry, have each their 

 peculiar moral dangers. Hm the liberal expenil- 

 itm-e> of the rich, even upon many articles ol pine 

 hixury, are a great public benefit. Ceiiainly, no 

 inimoral iniiiilgence is ever to be justified or ex- 

 i-nseil. 1 do not say that it is tlie-jiest appropria- 

 tion of tlie niimey: that point 1 shall not now 

 disc ss: bill ceriainly the person who gives his 

 two guineas lijr his dozen of peaches, encourages 

 iiiiliisiry, rewards liuriiculinral skill, stimiilales 

 iniproyeineiit, excites a uholesome competition, 

 and would surely lie doing mn<!ii woi-.se with t-liein 

 ii lie kept them [larsimonionsly and iLSelessly 

 hoarded in his coffers. 



The apples in England are in genei-al inferior, 

 excepting for cooking purposes." The siipertoi- 

 ty of our Newion Pippin iseverywhei'e admiiied 

 and pruclaiined. Of other of mir fine apples^ 

 such as the Golden Riissel, the I5aldwiii,the Blue 

 Pearmain. and many others — I have seen none, 

 Ihongh it is not to be confidenily inferred, from 



that circnnistance, lliat noiii" are imported 



Large quantities of apples are sent from the Lni- 

 ledStales lo England, and sold to advantage. 



The English have not yet learned the value ol" 

 apples as loml for stock. Many of the f-irmers 

 in the United Slates, after repeated trials, both 

 lor liilting swine, for neat stock, and even for 

 milch cows, rale them in value in the proportion 

 of three hiisheteof apples as equal to two of iio- 

 tatoes. 



Of pears I have seen several good kinds, hot 

 none comparable to llie .Seckel or the Baitletl. 

 Ibis, however, may he mere matter of (lersonal 

 taste. Melons ace grown only mider glass, and 

 by arlifii-lal he«(. 



'J'he vegeiahles grown for table use are many 

 of them in appearaiK-e of the finest kinifs. The 

 potatoes grown in England are in general of a 

 superior quality, ihough I think lliein inli.-rior to 

 the pot.-iloes grown in Nova Scoiia. In Nova 

 Scotia, they have not only the advantage of a cli- 

 mate as cool .-IS that of Eniiland, hut likewise of 

 a virgin s<iil, which ciiciimstaiu-es seem p'arlicii- 

 laily fivorable both to the growth and ipialiiy of 

 Ihe potaKi, and nothing of ihekiml which I have 

 eaJ/Mi, is eipial to a fine iNova S(-(i((a potato, fn 

 om- old soils, surcharged with manore, the pola 



e always inferior in <]uiili(y. In Ireland, 

 deemed of ail oilier i-oimlries the' adopted hoiiiit 

 of the potato, J was sehlom able to find one that 

 Whs even eatable. This arose, however, not Ironi 

 the quality of the root, liiit from the mode of 

 cooking — the Irish always desirinr, to use their 

 own expression, '-to have a stone in llie middle;" 

 so that the aim of the cook was only to hoiJ, or 

 radier scald, the outside of the potato, and leave 

 ill- inside as h.-iril as when it went into the pot. 

 ■J'he advantage of ilii<, as gravely stated to me, 

 was, that they were loii'ier in difreslion, and there- 

 fore gave ni.nie siippitrl. This may he sound 

 pl.ilixnphy ,,/ Ire'iind, where the stoinachs of the 

 |ioor find equal iliflicidty In gelling, as they do in 

 keeping wh.it ih.'\ get. 



Ii aonl.l he iniimiian lo treat the exlreme iles- 

 litiition ol' these poor wretches wiih any leviiy; 

 hut I (iiiiiid Iliis mode of cooking pi-e\a'iliiiir also 

 at the tables of the rich and noble; and after see- 



ing siicli jiu alause oi one ol llie mOMusemI .ind 

 tniUitioiL, proihicisof.ihe earth, J w,-,s hall i.i- 

 clllied to advise him lo ny a lew granite pebbles 

 mid see whether they would not s-rve the diges- 

 tive organs .still longer. Jt was a curiosity to'me 

 III London, likowise, to see them selling in the 

 market, by the quart, llu: small, not haif-grown 

 not ?»«r/(r-growii potatoes— not even so large a.s 

 cherries, and many not larger than peas; and 

 these were bought up as luxuries. J slionld quite 

 as soon think of silting down t<i a dish of boiled 

 bullets, or duck-shot ; and 1 should snppo.se with 

 almost equal chance of nourishment. 



Few beans are cultivati-il lor the table, excepting 

 the Windsor bean, which is a- coarse vegeiahl", 

 and a small hean, used like our string beans, anil 

 called the French bean. Our Luna bean, and 

 oilier in-h pole beans, 1 have not met with. 



Peas are abmiihmt in market, are brought in 

 early, and contiinK.-d hite, and are of several dif- 

 lereiil kinds, the riiarllon pea (so calle.l Iroin ihe 

 town where the earliest peas are grown,) being 

 preferred as all early pea. In order lo bring peas 

 to early niaiurily, or rather to a .state for sale, a 

 ridge of laiul or high furrow is thrown up in a 

 direction from east m west, and the peas are plan- 

 ted on the south side of this riilge atllie bottom 

 of Ihe furrow. In this way, the young phinlsare 

 proiecled from the cold winds on one side, and 

 enjoy the warm rays of llw siin reflected on the 

 other. 'J'his is a simple and excellent arrange- 

 iiieiit, es(iec'r.illy in a climaie where, we Jiiay sav, 

 with some iriiih, that a liandml of sniisliine k' 

 worth much more than its weigM in gold. 



Carrois and turnips are of the finest quality, 

 and always sold ill bunches. The Orange cir- 

 rot seems to be preferred for the table; t?ie Bel- 

 giaii V\ bite for stock. Onions are generally eat- 

 en small. They are planted early intlioaiiiumii, 

 and gathered in July | August, Spinach, en- 

 dive, cresses, lettiK-es, are always in the market, 

 either liirced or gi own in open" grnimd. Blood 

 beets J have scaicelv seen, either in iLie tliark.Ms 

 or on table, unless pickled in vinegar.. 'J'he fine 

 egg-plant, so common in the New- Vork ami Phil- 

 a<lelpliia Miarket, ihies not iqipear to he known 

 here. 'J'hat imist •luscious v«g^iable, the sweet 

 potato, of course caimoi he grown. 



Of .squashes, they can scaicelv he saiil to have 

 any. 'Jliey have a very inlerioi-'kiiid, w liieh tliev 

 dignify with tlie name of vegetable marrow ; lart 

 of our fine crook-neck anil Canada squashes, or 

 ouraiitumiKil Marrow noihingr is seen. Of our 

 delicious green Indian corn, of cour,<e they have 

 none. Cucumbers are always in the market. 



There are fiiiir species of idaiit.s. or edible veg- 

 etables, in wlii.-h, it (iiiist Iw a4l,i,iiieil, the Eng- 

 lish markets cannot Jie snrpas.sed, at least in the 

 size of their product:-, 'I'hese are asparagus, rhu- 

 barb, cauliflowers, anil cafihages. The asparagus 

 aiid.i:hiib,irh are giganlii-, the rhuharh moreespe- 

 cially, wliich isofteiibriHii..|ii to market three and 

 loin- feet in length, anil of the size of a w-omaii's 

 arm—some women, of course, excepted. The 

 early asparagii.s is lorced iinih r glass; the latter 

 is forced in the open grnmid by all the appliances 

 of manure. 'J'he qnaiility of iliiiharb ciiiisumed 

 is enorinoiis, liir ii coiiii's not in ha.-kets, but piled 

 up in foiir-hors<? wagons in I oik. 'I'he aspara- 

 gus shows the want of sun, .no appears ati if 

 grown in a cellar, llie mere I . ,0 ,.; the early 

 kinds being the only part eaial Ir . 



I have one remark lo make in leuard lo Eng- 

 lish vegetables and fruits, that will not,! liop<, he 

 deemed ill-hiiinim-d — which U, that, ihotigh ciil- 

 livated with extraordinary skill, with the excep- 

 tions I have above naineri, Ihey.are la.-<feless. and 

 withoiii that line relish wlnch'one would like lo 

 find. I ihmk 11 is Voltaire who says "that the 

 only ripe fruit lo be found in England is a baked 

 apple." I cannot accede m a censure so sweep- 

 ing, but it is plain ihal iheir fniits and vegetable.-? 

 want ripeness and ll.uoi. 'I'ni* may arise partly 

 tiom a deficiency of heat from the sun, and p,-i'rt- 

 ly from the excessive forcing of their vege- 

 tables, in the vii-inity of large markets, by un- 

 limited quantities of manure. 1 know how ihf- 

 fii-ult it must be to make an Englishman believe 

 Ibis siatenient ; liir, niiilcr the nali-uial peciili.ui- 

 ly of a large endowiiienl' of sell-esteem, which 

 their Anglo-Saxon descendants over ihe water 

 seem to have inherited, a geiiu'oe l-^nglisliman 

 thinks that noihinL' out of his own counlry can 

 po.ssilily he so good as what is to he found in ii. 

 Now, ill inldteclual fruits, and the products of 



