68 



Sl)c -farmer's iHLintl)lLi Visitor. 



An eloquent and appropriate sermon by Mr. 

 Redfield of Brooklyn was followed by llie sing- 

 ing of the "Lay of the Prisoner," a piece written 

 for the occasion, by our friend Oliver Johnson. 



You can better conceive than I can desjcribe 

 the effect of these appropriate lines, sung as they 

 were, with genuineness of feeling which render- 

 ed it difficult for the singers to suppress their 

 en)Otions sufficiently to carry the perfbrniunce 

 through. We no longer looked upon glistening 

 eyes and flushed faces, but the silent tears cours- 

 ed down many n rtigged and sin-slricken check, 

 and the swelled veins of many a tarnished hrow 

 told of the deep and long slunjl)eringchor<l which 

 thoss sounds had re-awakened in llieir Lotorns. 



After this, the services were closed in the Mide 

 Prison, by singing the "MilleniuiH," and the 

 "Farewell." 



In our Prison the piece first mentioned was 

 BUng at the close of a brief but appropriate and 

 spirited sermon by Mr. Lucke}', the Chaplain. 

 Vou are so well acquainted with the condition 

 and spirit of things with us, that I need not en- 

 large upon the pure and exalted pleasure that 

 was manifest in every countenance in our little 

 Chapel. Then followed the "lay of the prison- 

 er," with an effect as touching as had been wit- 

 nessed in the lower Chapel, and the services were 

 closed with the " Farewell." Perhaps, after all, 

 the most affecting scene occurred in the hos|)ital 

 of the Male Prison when the unfortunate in- 

 mates of that place of sickness and death — some 

 of them in a state of gloom bordering on des- 

 pair, and others drawing near to the grave — were 

 permitted to listen to the heavenly strains of these 

 charming minstrels. It was almost enough to 

 " create a soul under the ribs of Death." The 

 eye of the stricken invalid, moistened with tears, 

 sparkled with unwonted brightness, and the pal- 

 lid face seemed animated by a new hope. With 

 what touching efTect came to us all at that mo- 

 ment the significant words of Christ, " I was sick 

 and in prison, and ye came unto me." A few 

 words spoken by Mr. Luckey on this occasion 

 were in admirable harmony with the spirit awak- 

 ened by the music. Such a scene, to have its 

 full effect, must be witnessed ; it cannot be ade- 

 quately described. 



The influence of this visit upon the discipline 

 of the Prisons can hardly he over estimated. 1 

 am confident it will he visible for months to come 

 in the more cheerful obedience of the prisoners 

 to the rules of the institution, in the diminution 

 of that dullness and Hstlessness so observant in 

 all prisons, and in a more serious attention to re- 

 ligious instruction. Jt is by influences such as 

 this, that all necessity for the lash may he remov- 

 ed as gently and effectually as the icy drapery of 

 winter is melted away in the genial atmosphere 

 of Spring. 



Not one of our prisoners who was present at 

 the visit of the other branch of this gentle and 

 musical Fanjily had forgotten any of the pleasant 

 incidents of that occasion, and I can scarcely 

 tell you liow grateful they are for this second 

 blessing — for a blessing indeed it is to then). 



And also to us! I mean to ns especially who 

 live at the Female Prison us officers, and are little 

 less excluded from the pleasures of society and 

 the delights afforded by art than those who are 

 under our charge. In the dearth of our social 

 enjoyments, such visits are scarely less a boon to 

 us than to our prisoners. 



But you understand all that. 1 will only add 

 that the universal wish of all here is lliat the 

 Hutchinsons might be often among us with their 

 gentle, unaffecteil manners, iheir hearts of har- 

 mony, and their music so well calculated to pro- 

 dtice such hearts in others. 



Very truly vours, 



K. W. FARNHAM. 



Lord Morpeth. 



This eminent and highly lulented nobleman, 

 in his address to the elector.'; of the West Hiding 

 of Yorkshire, observes, " Give nle, 1 say, the com- 

 merce — not the conquest of the world — overflow- 

 ing garners, and not an empty laurel — open ports, 

 and free produce, not a decrease of intercourse, 

 and a substitution of an embargo — a depcndonco 

 — I will now use that obnoxious word — a depen- 

 dence on foreign countries, instead of indepen- 

 dence and solution from them. Dependence 

 on foreigners ! Why that is ihe favorite bugbear 

 with which the sleek soft-tongued monopolist 



tries to bandioozle his gaping crowd of rustic au- 

 ditors. Why, 1 ask him, how he would do him- 

 self; withoiil depen<lence on foreigners? I need 

 not ask him whether his w ife and daughters do 

 not rustle in the silks of France; but I would 

 ask himself whether he does not procure his tea 

 from Chijin, and his coffee Irom Brazil— whether 

 he does not wear the fleeces of Saxony, aye, and 

 perhaps smoke the cigars of Havana ? And if 

 be does that, ask him, in yoiu- turn, why yon may 

 not have wheat from F.lbe, and bacon fiom the 

 Ohio ? I believe, that it is not in diminishing, hut 

 in increasing our dependence on foreigners, that 

 we shall best follow out the laws of nature, and 

 the will of Providence, and thus enter into the 

 strongest recognizances for the harmony, the 

 peace, the civilization, and the prosperity of the 

 world." (I.oud and long continued cheering.) 



Troni the Albany Cultivator. 

 Profits of Poultry. 

 Having seen frequent articles in your paper, in 

 which the " Poland Top-Knot" fowls were high- 

 ly reconmiended as layers, I was induced, in the 

 spring of 1844, to purchase some eight or ten of 

 them, in ortler to lest the difference, if any, be- 

 tween them and the common breed. From ob- 

 servation, 1 soon becanje satisfied that they were 

 rightly called "everlasting layers," fiom the fiict 

 that while the common breed were continually 

 annoying me with a desire to sit, the Top-Knots 

 showed no signs of it, but continued laying dur- 

 ing the whole season. 



I raised a number of chickens diu-ing the sum- 

 mer, and in the fall found my number of Top- 

 Knots had increased to 30, including two cocks. 

 The balance of my poultry 1 disposed of, and 

 more out of curiosity than any thing else, I con- 

 cluded to keep an e.xact account of eggs receiv- 

 ed for one year, from Jan. 1, 1845. My number 

 of fowls averaged but 26, five having died during 

 the year. 

 My receipts were as follows: 



January, 133 



February, J42 



March, 418 



April, 549 



May, 566 



June, 534 



July, 361 



August, 311 



September, 284 



October, 104 



November, 51 



December, 32 



Making 3,487 eggs. 



Reckoning them at one shilling per dozen, 

 which price they command three months in a 

 year, in our market, they would amount to the 

 sum of .$36.32 



Deduct 13 bushels each of corn and bar- 

 ley, at 40 cts. 10.40 



riant, and is attributed wholly to the bone dust 

 The writer states that he measured a piece in the 

 lot six feet square, and by coiiipiitation found the 

 product to he at the rate of 1210 bushels per 

 acre. The fiehl, however, he says, would not 

 have averaged that, but full half the quanlily — 

 say 60.') bushels per acre. A space lelt through 

 the middle of the lot, a rod and a half wide, with- 

 out any bone or other application, produced noth- 

 ing worth harvesting. — Mhany Culiivalor. 



Analysis of Indian Corn. — Dr. Playfair has 

 recently analyzed specimens of com of Ameri- 

 can growth, and finds its composition as follows: 

 In 100 parts — 



Protein, (nutritive matter) 7 



Fatty matter, 5 



Starch, 76 



Water, 18 



100 



One potmd of Indian meal will absorb five 

 |)ints of water, in making it into mush or pud- 

 ding, and when sufficiently boiled the mush will 

 weigh 4i pounds. 



It will be seen from this analysis, that corn con- 

 tains less protein, or nutritive matter, than wheat, 

 oalsor barley, but more than either rice or pota- 

 toes. It contains, in fact, three an<l a half times 

 the quantity of nutritive matter that is found in 

 potatoes, and a very much larger quantity of 

 starch, and less water. It also possesses more 

 fatty matter than any of those, w hicli is an im- 

 portant consideration, where the mere fattening 

 of animals is the object. It will be thus fomid, 

 as an article of diet, both lor man and beast, su- 

 perior to potatoes and rice, bin inferior to wheat, 

 oats and barley. — London Card. Chron. 



[It should have been stated iihat kind of Aruer- 

 ican corn was analyzed ; whether it was the 

 Southern white or yellow round — there being, in 

 our opinion, (and we believe it to be the common 

 opinion,) a material difference in the worth of the 

 two kinds — the white ffat being inferior. As to 

 what is stated above of the value of corn com- 

 pared with wheat, oats and barley, it may be per- 

 fectly correct accordvis to the nnrdysis ; but we 

 doubt whether old farmers will concur in the 

 opinion that corn is a whit less valuable, either 

 for man or beast, than barley or oats.] — A". E. 

 Farmer. 



Leaving a balance of $2.").02 



My yard occupies about one squtiie rod of 

 ground, a part of which is enclosed with rough 

 hoards, to afford them shelter in stormy weather, 

 and containing their nests and roosts, with an 

 abundant supply of lime, sand, gravel, food ami 

 drink, which is always before thent. They are 

 not allowed to run out during any part of the 

 season, imd their desire for animal food is satis- 

 lied with now and then a sheep's pluck, and a 

 supply of sour milk, of which they are extreme- 

 ly fond. 



To preserve eggs, 1 would recommend the fol- 

 lowing: For every two galls, of water add 3 pints 

 salt, 1 (juart newly slacked lime, and a table- 

 spoonfiil of cream of tartar. Let Ihe keg stand 

 in a cool part of the cellar, imtting in your eggs 

 from time to lime, and brine sufficient to cover 

 them. If they are soimd when ])ut in, they will 

 come out so after any reasonable length of time. 

 JOSEPH ANNIN. 

 Le Roy, Genesee Co., N. Y. 



Bone Dust for Turnips. — A correspondent 

 furnishes us with an account of an experimcmt 

 made by Andrew Coo, of MiihlhUown, Cl., with 

 hone dust in raising turnips. The soil on which 

 the trial was made, is represented as being thin 

 and worn out. Twenty btrshcis of bone dust 

 were applied to the acre, and the turnips sown 

 about the first of August. The crop was luxu- 



Number of Horned 



Russia, 



Great Britain, 



Austria, 



France, 



Prussia, 



Italian States, 



Spain, 



Netherlands, 



Sweden, 



Bavaria, 



Denmark, 



All other States, 



Cattle in Europe, 



10,000,000 

 10,500,000 

 9,942,000 

 6,684,900 

 4,275,700 

 3,500,000 

 2,500,000 

 2,500,000 

 2,647,000 

 1,895,000 

 1,607,000 

 5,258,000 



Total, 70,309,600 ^ 



The number of horned cattle in the Foiled 

 States in 1840, was 14,971,586.— .4mer. ^giiadl. 



On 3Iiiuure. 



We have bei'U in the habit of considering as 

 manure every deconiposalile or pntresceiit mate- 

 rial which exists naturally in, or is artificially ad- 

 ded to, the earths. Thus, the fibrous masses left 

 in the ground, green vegetable suhslances chop- 

 pe<l to pieces and dug in, :iiul the black vegetable 

 portions of healh or moor-soil are in reality, ma- 

 nures. I'^irlhs proper, luimely — alumine and 

 clay, silex or sand, chalk, phosphate of lime, and 

 metallic oxides are iheniselves :dmost insoluble ; 

 and can act only, or cliicny, as the bed, or funda- 

 mental support of plains: or to speak more phi- 

 losophically—the laboratory — wherein the iiiter- 

 cluinge between Ihe laborated products of de- 

 composition and the roots of the plant is carried 

 on. These general truths are ecpially applicable 

 to garden anil pot cultme — there is no distinc- 

 tion so fiir, between the processes of the florist, 

 the amateur, the mirseryman, and markel-gur- 

 dener — all are included thereni. 



Our present rcmiuks will not apply to solid 

 manures: the subject which claims iunnediate 

 attention being the application of liquid manure; 

 a practice which appears to extend with great 



