102 



iS:i)c Jarntcv'G iHj ntl)lij faigitor. 



she is capable of, and what she ought to be. But he 

 iiiiist refrain, whenever she sliiill inquire and 

 Seek to Jipply the proper remedy to ilie disease 

 and jinswer the interrognlory, why her popnhi- 

 tiiin is so sparse?— why her i))ines, her water 

 powers, and her agrieultnral nl)irnies are not 

 fidly developed and njade piofltahle ? — lie may 

 be inclined to give an opinion for wliat it is worth. 



Frmn the Asylum Gazittp. 

 Lines to a Potato. 



Hnil precinus tuber ! Ihougli Ihou'rt roush aud knobby, 

 ( love Itiy honest look and liomely pliiz, 



Thou plain laced groundling ! dirty, ugly, snobby — 

 Too long the theme lor satire's venom'd quiz. 



When first in old Virginia, limes look'd squally. 

 And lamine in the lace star'd small and (;reat, O! 



Up rose that wondrous man, Sir Waller Raleigh, 

 And fed her starving sons on thee, Potato! 



Delicious esculant ! both saint and sinner 



tjpon Ihj mealy pulp delight to dine ; 

 For Dutchman, Vankee, Scot, alike a dinner, 



In stew or fry thy cvcellencies shine. 



I'll sing in glowing terms thy princely flavor, 

 A« on my plate 1 mash thy sivelling lurm. 



While to my nose ascends thy pleasing savor, 

 111 racy steams, arising rich and warm. 



Thnugli I'Vance may boast her " periifords." " ragouts," 

 Her "fricassees," and "fricandeauslafrog," 



Thouah Erin's sons may doat on " Irish slews," 

 And Britain's tars extol their heartier prog, — 



Yet not like thee, thou pride of every dish ! 



Will small and great eulo'jise their lame, 

 For thou in future years, with flesh and fish, 



Shall earn thyself an honorable name. 



CHRISTOPHER CODLINE. 

 July 16, 1846. 



IJust in Wheat. 



The extraordinary tliriftiness of the wheat crop, 

 will be likely to e.\pose it to the rust, should lliere 

 be weather favorahle for its iiroduelion, shortly 

 before the ({lain ripens. In this event we are 

 aware of but two measures which can be made 

 nse of to save the crop. One is, to cut the 

 wheat as soon as the rust has struck it badly. If 

 the berry is then so far advanced as to be between 

 the milky and doughy state, it will yet fill out, so 

 that hut little loss will lie sustained. The other 

 iii( lliod has never, so far as we are aware, been 

 tried in this country, hut it is said to have been 

 adopted in Enpland with complete success. The 

 following experiment in this point, made by an 

 English clerifyiniin, is published in the Fanners' 

 Eneyclopcedia : 



" It {,'ives me great pleasure to have it in my 

 power to furnish yon some informaiioti respect- 

 in-; a use of salt, which, perhaps, you are not 

 aware of. J, and a neighbor of mine, have sup- 

 plied it as a remedy for the mildew in wheat, 

 vvilli the most unequivocal success, i first made 

 the discovery two years ago; my experiments at 

 that time were upon a very limited scale; they 

 linve ibis year extended over only tin acre anil a 

 half, but imder circnmstanees that leave not a 

 eliadow of doubt of salt being an absolute spe- 

 cilii; for mildew, in the most aggravated stages of 

 the disorder. Of this 1 will state to yon a con- 

 vincing proof. In the year 1818, 1 (bund a few 

 ears of wlietit, which I conceived to be a new 

 and improved variety ; from these ears 1 raised as 

 imii'h wheat as last year sulilced to plant a piei'e 

 of land 4 feet wide and 100 yards in length ; the 

 produce 1 had promised Mr. ("oke: and to aug- 

 ment that produce, I had the ground previously 

 to planting highly nianmed ; and as soon as the 

 wheat came np, I gave it a good dressing with 

 soot, ami the wheal grew as r.ink as that some- 

 times observed on a dunghill. Tin; mildew made 

 its appear«ni:e on Ihis particular part of my liidd, 

 while the straw was quite green, and the grain 

 in a milky state ; notvvilhstanding the danger 

 that might be apinehended to the wheat ilsell', 

 from its being thus succulent, I ventured to give 

 it a dr(;ssing with salt and water; and as the 

 heavy shower of rain fell a few hours afterwaiils, 

 the dressing was repeated the next moi iiing. — 

 The proportion of salt to llio water wiis one 

 pound to the gallon, and applied with a plaster- 

 er's brush, the operator bearing a pail of the mix- 

 ture in one hand, and the brnsli in the other, 

 making liia casts as when sowing grain, or (^Ise 

 with a common watering pot, which, biing swung 

 with great force, throws ihe solution a consid- 

 erable distance. Two men will go over near 



four acres a day — the one to spread, and the oth- 

 er to supply the mixture. The result was, thai 

 the mildew wiis completely subdued, iind the 

 wheat went forward to malurily ; and although 

 the sample was not so bold as it might h ive heeii. 

 it was soniid and marketable. In otii.-r pails ol 

 the tield, where the mildew showed itself, iiol 

 under the aggravated circumstances ikserihed 

 above, but as it usually appears, the wi:eat was 

 not in the least injured by it after the salt and 

 water was supplied : it was, indeed as fine a sam- 

 ple iis could be grown. Uolh mine and my 

 neighbor's wheat were examined by many prac- 

 tical farmers, who are so decidedly convinced of 

 the etfieacy of my remedy, that they intend never 

 to be without a reserve of salt ready to meet the 

 enemy the moment be appear.*. 



"Theetl'ect of the salt upon the mililew, to 

 those who do not consider the manner of iis op- 

 eration, is truly iistonishing ; I believe it to be in- 

 stant death to the fungus; this, however, is cer- 

 tain, in less ihan 48 hours the straw nearly re- 

 covers its original color and brightness. The 

 certainty and celerity of its o|-eriiiion 1 acconiil 

 tor thus ; the milih-w, it is now well ascertained, 

 is a |)arasiiical |ilant of the fungus tribe, the 

 principal coiisiiiiieiit of which irilie is water. 

 When salt, therefore, is applied to them, the aque- 

 ous particles are immediately ahsoi bed anil their 

 vitality destroved. The action of salt upon mush- 

 rooms, as in m.iking mushroom catsup, coiilirms 

 this theory." 



The Com]iil(M- adils ; "I can afforil decided 

 testimony to the cfiicacy of the cure reooinmend- 

 ed l)y IMr. Caifuright ; but I woiiH add tl^^e 

 precautions: 'J'he safest qiianlily of salt per 

 gallon of vvaler, is 8 ounces, and then the tippli- 

 catioii maybe rendered more (tl'eelual by fre- 

 quent repelilion, williout any danger of injury to 

 the plants. Jf the application is not made during 

 a cloudy day, it is best to defer it until the even- 

 ing." — Alichifrrin Fanner. 



Where wlieat is sown broadcast, as we believe 

 it nnivei sally is 'U this country, we do not see how 

 the above named application (toiilil well be made 

 to a field. If it coiiltl be depended upon to save 

 a crop from destruction by mildew, in that case 

 the tramping down of the wheat might be of lit- 

 tle consequence. Were the salt water known to 

 be so cfiicucious as above represented, it might 

 be well in sowing to leave intervals for its con- 

 venient application. — A'. E. Farmer. 



pillars, extended the entire length of each. Be- 

 sides the principal building of the length and 

 breadth above named, there ine also two ether 

 large buildings connected with the establishment. 

 The size of the main building we believe, is 

 longer than any other factory, except, the one at 

 Portsmouth in the couuliy. It is computed that 

 the four rooms woulil contain llie entire popula- 

 tion of Salem, Danvers, Marblehead, Lynn, and 

 Beverly. The two towers are to be surmounted 

 by the figures of two Indians, copper and gilt. 

 The houses of the operatives are in course of 

 rapid piogress, hut of the bridge tVom Factory 

 Point to Union Wharf, we now hear but very lit- 

 tle. ^.S'a/em .Advertiser. 



The above factory is to be operated by steam- 

 power. . 



Steam Factory at Portsmoltii. N. !I. — The 

 large steam laciory in Portsmoulh, N. H., for the 

 manufacture of fine fabrics, is nearly completed 

 — aud, indeed, operations have already commenc- 

 ed. We yesteriiay saw and pocketed a spool of 

 the thread spun at that establishment, which is 

 probably much finer than has hitherto been pro- 

 duced in this country, being No. 81, and intend- 

 ed fur j.iekonet.s, muslin lawns, cSoc. This estab- 

 lishment, when in full operation, will run twenty- 

 one thousand spindles. The enterprising stock- 

 holders have introduced the mannliicture of a 

 species of goods which has hitherto been alto- 

 gether imported from abroad, and every friend ol 

 American industry must earnestly wish that 

 while this will give an impulse to the prosfierity 

 of Portsmoulh, it may prove profilahle to those 

 wlio have embarked in the enterprise. 



"The New CiTV." — A correspondent of the 

 Boston V\'liig, gives an account of the progress 

 of ad'airs in the embryo cily of Essex on the 

 Merrimack, lie says it is n lovely location upon 

 which to build a magnificent city. The ground 

 for nearly fiinr miles square is mostly plain, and 

 admirably adapted for building purposes. In the 

 back ground tliere is a range of moderately high 

 hills, which have at this season a very pictm'esipie 

 etreet, and whose sides in a few years will be 

 studded to their snmniils with pretty collages — 

 the grounds are all laid out with regularity by 

 the company, which will give to the city a line 

 effect as the streets fill up with buildings. The 

 bnihiing of the dam acros.s the IMerrimack, pro- 

 gresses well, and will hi: a stupendous piece ol 

 work when finished. The canal on the INlethnen 

 side is parily finished — and the contractors of 

 the " Bay yiali! Corporation," and the "Atlanlii; 

 company," are very bu.sy building the river walls 

 and liinndalions lor the F.-ieiories of those (Cor- 

 porations. On the land sold lor bouse lots, about 

 seven weeks since, hi; counted some thirty dwel- 

 lings in Ihe dill'.'i-cnt stages of erection. There 

 appears to be much building in contemplation, 

 and every lliing has the apjiearance of bustle and 

 activity. 



'J'he Boston and Maine Railroad arc making 

 arrangements to run their road through the cily 

 as speedily as possible. The Salem and .\ndo- 

 ver Railroad will also be built without delav. 



Naumkeag Factory, at Sai.km, ]\1s.— This 

 immense establishment is rapidly approaching 

 its completion. ^Ve were struck by tlii! vaslness 

 of the room in the fourth story of the building— 

 undciuhledly tin! longest room nnsnpporled by 

 pillars, and cle.ir of any obstruclions, in the I'ni- 

 led Stales. This room is fiiur hundred feet in 

 lenglh and sixty in breadth. The lliree oilier 

 rooms in the buildins are of equal size, but the 

 space is broken to the eye by two rows of iron 



Turuip riy. 



The Brassicn tribe of vegetables, (turnip, cab- 

 bage, radish, &cc.) is attacked by .a little black, 

 shining beetle, to which entomologists Imve giv- 

 en ihe name of //a///ca, derived from a word sig- 

 nifying to leap. It is sometimes called the tur- 

 nip flea, sand flea. Sic. The same or a very 

 similar insect is sometimes quite destructive to 

 cucumbers and oilier vines, while they are in Ihe 

 first leaf. In England this beetle, or fle.i, is call- 

 ed "the fly." it is the most Ibriiiidable enemy 

 to the turnip culture, and great precautions are 

 used to guard against its ravages. In this coun- 

 try it also notjiinlreqiiently destroys the turnip 

 crop, almost as .soon as it makes its appetirance 

 above ground. Various remedies have lichen de- 

 vised against il ; such as sprinkling the plant 

 Willi plaster, air-slacked lime, ashes, watering 

 the plants with alkaline or lo'tiil solutions, &c. 

 &c. 



The best applications are tindnubtedly those 

 which most promote the growth of the plants 

 because as soon as they are in rough leaf, they 

 are safe. 



At a late meeting of the Koyal Agricultural 

 Society's Council, various remedies fiir the at- 

 tack of the fly were proposed and discussed. 

 [\Ir. IJcard, agent to the Duke of Ibickingham, 

 mentioned tin experiment he had tried. He look 

 an old sack, lipped it open, aud nailed it to n 

 pole the size of a pilch-fork handle, leaving the 

 ends of the pole about eight inches longer at 

 each end than the sacking, lie then smeared one 

 side with tar, afler which two men drew the 

 sacking, tarred side downwards, regularly over 

 the field, letting it sweep the ground at an angle 

 of" about forty-five degrees, fresh tarring w itii n 

 brush .-is olieii as required. He c.iught great 

 numbers of the beetles or flies and .saved the 

 crop. He has pursued the plan fiir several 

 years, and has not had occasion to plough up a 

 single acre from llic eflects of the fly. He pre- 

 fers the gas tar, in consequence of its having n 

 stronger scent. It is sometimes necessary to go 

 over a field moru' than once, but the work can 

 be done with great expediiion. 



Anoilier gciillenian spoke of bis experience 

 which had been viMy successful. .\ iikuiiIi be- 

 Ibie he begins to sow his turnips, he provides 

 vessels fiir the reception of the seed, adding to 

 every twenty pounds of seed, half a pint of lin- 

 seed oil, taking care to have it well mixed, then 

 adds u poimil of floor of sulphur, and every 

 morning has the whole rulihed between the 

 hands lo gel the seed in a pnqier state fiir drill- 

 ing. He has practiced this mode for twenty 

 years without a single failure. 



There is also another insect which iloes con- 



