8 



^!ll)c iTariiui's iHontljin faisitor. 



ni'<liii;iry liiiief, (iiif hcl'er lliiiii liiill' \\if iiiiiiilit-r 

 iliil liifii. 'I li'ir iiiiliiiiil ji<;iji iiliiiriil | ri llll('li•>ll^ 

 liavc iiicrriiM:(l iiii>ik lliiiii n\(i IiiukIiliI luiHiiiii.-- 

 ol ilollais, iiiid yet llie jiroiluclivi; |.oui-r.s ol' the 

 whole ifliiiid (ire scarcely as jiieul us llioseofilie 

 6iji};le Stale ol" Illinois. 



Hut iifriiciiliiiiv, III floiirisji, must linve ii niai- 

 kt'i liir its !-iir|il(i.s jHoiliii-iioiis. Aiiil "liicT is ii 

 iniiikfi? Dues ilial masiic woul iij-i<le in aiiv 

 place? iiiosi |M'0|>le sccio tolliihk so. A iraiktl 

 is every wlieic. It i.s peojile, "ot a |ilace — |ieo- 

 |ile not eii;:a<;eil in ii;;! icultoie, lirjt iinjilnyeil in 

 llie )>i'oilnclion ot' soijieliiin^' uliich sn{i|>lies liu- 

 liiiili uiints. Anil llie ne.-nt r it is lonnil to the 

 liiriiieiV door the hctier, the less of his ptodiu;- 

 lion.s are spent in ;;etiiiit' tlieio to inarkil. A;r- 

 riiMilioie can flonrish. thin, only when- there is a 

 lar^'e po|inlaliun en^a^ed in inaniiiaclures and 

 coiiiineiC(\ 



The second source of national wealth is iiian- 

 lifiicliirin<,' iiuhisliy. No iiaiion ever liecmie 

 wealthy liy raisin;; the raw inaierial, and then 

 exchaniiin^ it liir the iiianiiDiClnred arlii-je. 

 The nianiiliictiiring peojde always have the 

 udvania-ie. They may work day and ni^ihi, 

 snniiiier and v\inli'r, in lair atid sloiiiiy vveu- 

 ther. An afriicidmral population work only 

 ill tlie rlay lime, when the taith is tree tiom 

 frosts, and when tlie cloticls are not dislimdenin^ 

 llieniffelves upon the railli. A niamitactni iiij; 

 po|iiilatiiin I'aii avail iliemselvcs to any extent, of 

 the aid of machinei \. 'J'he hill of water in ti.e 

 lOHIi of Jjiwell is made to ilo thewoikof a 

 inillion ol Ininan hiin^js. Every thin;; the fai fil- 

 er raises niiisi heiiroii;;lil out of the earth hy maiti 

 force, hy hard work. 'I'he liirmer's priidnctiotis 

 are Imlky, and are often almost consmin d in ;:et- 

 tin;; them lo market. Tlie m.-imiliiciiired aiticle 

 is nsnally I'omparatively li;;ht in piojioriion to 

 ilf value, 'i he tartiit^r, moreover, is olili;;ed to 

 take the chiiiu'es of nnpropiiiniis seasons, and 

 occasionally a short crop. i5iit no variation of 

 the .■'ea.sons has ever III en known to produce a 

 fhort • rop of hoots and shoes, and dioii<;lit Jias 

 never lieen so fireal as lo hli;;lM the laliors of the 

 loom. With these .idvanla^ies, a mannlaciinin;; 

 people vvill always coiitiiioe to ki-ep an ayriciil- 

 liiral people in deht. Towns and cities will 

 spring; up anion;; them, and the very lad of a 

 condensed population jjives them ;;reat advanla- 

 pes. An excliifively a;;iiciilimal people, in the 

 ]. resent a;:e of the world, will always lie poor. 

 They want a home market. They want ciiies 

 and towns, they want a ilivtMsiiy of employment. 

 They want that enlerpiise and activity, which is 

 enyendeird m>-rely hy liriii;;in;; masses of peo- 

 ple to act upon each other hy mntiial sliinida- 

 lion atid exciiement. Why is the lialance of 

 Iraile conrmiially in liivor of the North? Be- 

 cause onr lahor is not sufficiently diversified, lie 

 cause the raw material ;;oes froiii this very city 

 lo the north to he mamifacinreil, and then comes 

 hack to he worn hy our citizens, while we have 

 union;; lis llioiisuiids and thousands who iiii;;lii 

 work it op, hut who are lyiut' here idle, and 

 many of i1iem siippoiied hy piihlic charily ! 



One of the |iosiidates of national wealth, is 

 pdncaiion, universally difliised. It is this alone 

 that can ;:ive skill to the hand, and wisdom in 

 the ^'eiieral coniliict of affiirs. Wiihoiit that, 

 the physical power ol a naliiiu is like the siien;;tli 

 of the si;;hlless Cyclops, working in the dark. 

 Physical siren;;lli IS ;;enerally .-ivailahle in pro- 

 portion III the iMtelli;;enie hy which il is ;:niiled. 

 Most of our readers have heard of the Lowell 

 Offering', II periodical written exclusively hy tie- 

 f;iils, who are en;;ii);ed every day in caidin;;, 

 fpinniii;;, and weaviii;;. Mr." Dickens tills lis 

 that lie carried hoini- a niimher of that work, as 

 one of the most wonderful phenomena of the 

 western world. I was told nivsi If, at that place, 

 by one of lie siiperinteiidanis, that the principal 

 writers in ihal piihlicalion were the most proli- 

 IhIiIh operators in the several eslahlishuienis, oli- 

 laiiied the lii;;hcst we;;i s, and made the hisl use 

 of their money. So, alter all the sneers which 

 nre cast on liieiaiy ladies,— lo them hliie sNick- 

 in;;» is no disipialification liir the most common 

 employ iiieiits of lili'. So it is, all the wiirld 

 over. The schoolmaster's wa;;es is an invest- 

 liieiit which yields, in an econuiniciil point ol 

 view, ihe lii;;liest per centum. 



It is lo enlightened education llint we intisl 

 look liir the extinction of ihat fiilse senlimenl, 

 fi9 Stlvcras lo thtt UUf protiperity of u nuliuii, tlie 



ile;:iadatioii which s<imelinies attaches lo per- 

 sonal mil. No ion 11. unity can im r ;;iow liidi, 

 whin II is t: oii;;lil lo he nine lespictahle lo he 

 a peiiiiel loalir, iliaii lo yet an honest living hy 

 the lahor <if the hands. 



No nation can he prosperous and rich without 

 a ;;o(id ;:iiM I niiiiii. And what is ii ;;ood ;;riv- 

 crlimeiil ? It is Ol e vthiih pioli cts, iiirti ad of 

 II akin;; war n|on pio|rii\. It is iMie Mhicli 

 hallows lie naiiiaie hi l\w en capital and h.lior, 

 two tliiii;;s, w hiidi God's pioviilitice has joiiiril 

 lo;;i'll.er, and iiothin;; hut Ijiiman lolly willi-ver 

 put iisniider, — a union fioiii which proceeds the 

 iiiir tiiiiiily of ii.desiiy, wealth, conteiiimeni, 

 haimoiiy, praie. Once divide ihetn, and the 

 whole stiuciuie of society is liiokeii tip. 



rROnlCTION AND CoNsiyrTION OF Sl'GAB. — 



The wholt- I'loiloction of ihe sti;!ar arovv ioL' 

 countries of the w-n Id, I8i4, is set down at 778 

 OCO loiis, of which 200,(100 tons were furnish.ed 

 hy Cnlia alone. In the followini; year, Ciiliii 

 produced only 60,(100 tons, hni the increase from 

 other sources was so ;;reiil, that the total proiliii-e 

 amounted lo 7(J!t,C(.0 Ions, which was very liille 

 short of ihal in 1844. 'I he consumplion of so- 

 ;;ar in the whole w ( rid is estimated at 840,C00 

 tons, of w hich the Liiited Kin;;doin coiisiimes 

 ahoni S.'iO.COO; the rest of Europe 455 CCO ; the 

 llniled Slatesof America, 150,000; and Canada 

 and Ihe other British colonies, 15,CC0. The 

 yrowih of the United Stales does not exceed 100, 

 CCO tons, or ahoni Iwo-lhiiils of the consumption, 

 and Ihe ih ficiency i-- siiiiplii d hy maple sviyar 

 and (orei;:ti iinpiit lalioii. 'I he difii'ieiiie helween 

 liie total production of irnpicul smjjir and the 

 consomjitioii ol ihe whole world, is^diiifly made 

 np hy the maniifiicttire of su;;ar horn heet-rijul, 

 which now exieiids annually lo 80,CC0 Ions. — 

 The surplus slock held in Eioope at Ihe end of 

 each year, has liieii ahont l;iO,0CO tons; and 

 noiw iihstandin;; ihe necessity of keepiii;;a lar;:e 

 surplus is diiiiinisliejl hy llie increased celerity 

 o( conimimicalitin, il is considered that a slock of 

 130,0(10 ions, upon an annual coiisiimpiion in 

 Europe alone ot 075,000 tons, is not more than a 

 moderate provision ai;aiust the vicissitudes which 

 alletid the erowlli of ihe article. 



The Farmer's Creed. 



We believe in small farms and tlioroii;;h cnlti- 

 valioii. The soil loves to eat as well as its ow- 

 ner, and should he nurtured. 



We helievi; in larye crops, which leave the 

 land heller iliali they toiind it — inakiii;,' hoth the 

 farm and ihe farmer rich at once. 



We helieve in ;;oin;; lo the holloin r.^ things, 

 and Iherefoie in deep ploii;;liiliL', and eiionyh of 

 it — all the heller if with a siihsoil. 



We helieve thai llie host ti^iiiliiy of the soil is 

 the spirit of industry, enlerprisc, :mil inlelli;;ence; 

 wiihont this, lime aiiil ;;ypsum. hones and ;;reeii 

 maniiie, mail, or plaslcr, will he of little use. 



We hilieve in ;;ood fences, ;;ood liariis, >.'Ood 

 farili-lioiises, !;ooil slock, and ;;ood orchards. 



We helieve in a clean kitchen, a nent wife in 

 it, a spinniii;; piano, a clean cuphoard, dairy and 

 conscience. 



We firmly dishelieve in firmeis ihal will not 

 improve; in farms that ;;iow poor<'r every yeai; 

 ill slarved cattle: in farmers' hoys liec<imiii;; clerks 

 and merch.ijitti; in faruieff' ilaii;;hiers iinwillin;; 

 lo work ; and in all llirnieis who are asliamc<l of 

 their vocation. — .Y. £. Ifasthinglnyiiuti. 



Extraordinahy Discovery at Ni.vF.vrti. — 

 Mr. Liiyard, an Eii;;lisli ;;eiiih man, has Iih- the 

 last H'elve mollis heeii piirsiiiii!.' the track- fust 

 laid open li\ 1\1. IJoII.i- at Nimrod, near IMosoiil, 

 on the Ti;;ris. Ills exi'avations have not only set- 

 lleil the precise position ol Nineveh — lint have 

 liroii;;lil to li;;hl some of lis lniildm;;s, sculptures 

 and iiisci ipliinis. 



Accordiiiv to accounts received at Constantilio- 

 ple some monllis since, and coinmiinicaleil in the 

 AlheiiaMim ol Satiiiday last, iMi. Layard had dis- 

 covered an entrance formed hy two iiia;;iiifn I 



wiiiui d, liiiiiian-handed lions. This eiitiauci- led 

 him into a hall IM liet loii^; and ;i0 liioad — en- 

 tirely hiiill of slalis of marlile, covered with 

 scidpliiies. The side walls are oriiaiiienled with 

 small has reliefs, of llie lii;;liest ilitei>sl ; hattle 

 sei;;es, lion liniits, &c.; many of ihein in Ihe fin- 

 est state of pieseivalion, and all executed wiili 

 extruurdinury sjiii it. They ufl'ord a coiiipluie liis- 



toiy of ihe miliiary ail mnonist tjie Assy li.iiis ; 

 al d prove their ioHinale kiioHlid;;e <d' many o' 

 those m.ichiiies of war w hose ioveiilion isattrihl - 

 led lo ihe (jreiks and Komaiis; such as the lialtcr- 

 inL'-raiii,lhe lower moving' on w heets, ihe catapult, 

 &.!■. Noihiii;; can exceed the lieauiy and elejfance 

 ol the forms of ihe various ai ins, swords, daL';;eis, 

 speais, &c. Ill this ;;ii at hall there iiie several 

 enlraiiccs. each funned liy win::ed lions nr wiii:;- 

 eil hulls. 'I'liese lead itilu other cl.nmhers ; which 

 a;!ain hiancli <rf!' into a hundred ramificalions. 

 Every chamlier is liiiilt of slatis iMivered willi 

 scidpliii es or inscriptions, whence some idea may 

 he liirmi'd of the;;ieal numhir of ohjects di-cov- 

 eicd, the liir ;;re;iler part of v\ hich, neai ly all, are 

 in the lust preset vatimt. iMr. Lajard's excavn- 

 liotis have lieiii hiiherlo confined to a very small 

 corner of the mound, under w hich ihese anliipii- 

 ties have liir a]^'es lieen hiuie.1; it is impo^sllile 

 lo s.iy what may come nut when they can he car- 

 ried lorward un an adequate .scale. 



CONCORD, N. H., JAN. 31, 1S47. 



Two Virginians of the Navy and Aimy»Sla- 

 very passing otf in Ihe introduction of Pforth- 

 ein fice hibor— Agilciilture desirable lo men 

 in office—The Commodore upon his farra-- 

 A snbsoil p!ous;h twenty-six yeurs old— Con- 

 trast between deep and shallow ploughiu?;-- 

 nianiifaclures on the Potomac— Coal and 

 Iron from the mountains. 



Not the least atiionj; the idoriniis defenders of 

 our " star-spaiigleil hantw^r" in ihe war ol 1812 

 yet i<eiiiainitig t<) us, are the two Virginian hrotli- 

 ers Thomas ApCatesby, and Kogfr Jones. 

 The former acling in a snhaltern capacity in some 

 of the victories which have g'-veii lo history the 

 tiume of American siiperiortly when meeting 

 any other nation '^man to man and yiiii to gun," 

 has lieen since Unuwii as the gallant captain who 

 in distant seas has inspired thai terror for .Amer- 

 ican prowess which has caused the hai h.iiians 

 of fill-off contiiients and islands to desist from 

 lay ing lawless liamls upon our unarmed iiier- 

 chantmeii seeking gains from the avenues of 

 irade. Keliiing from years of ticiive service in 

 1844 after the affair of Monterey upon the coast 

 of California in which Mexican aggressors were 

 punished in a metliod somewhat suiiitnary, Com- 

 modore Jones, relaining his rank .iiid title in the 

 service of the Navy, is now jiiMformiiig the more 

 peaceful duly of inspector of ordnance near the 

 seat of government. Gen. linger Jones, who 

 upon the land with Miller, M'Neil, Towsoii mid 

 others, fiiuiihl liravely and distingiiisheil himself 

 upon the Norihern frontier, has for many years 

 wcnpieil the ollice and hiireatt at Washington of 

 Adjutant (Jeiieial of the .Army. Next Ki the 

 Secretary of War himself, since the attack and 

 invasion of our soil by the Mexican iisnrping 

 miliiary rliiifs, have the duties of Gen. Jones 

 hi en onerous. The veteran olliccr who, as does 



his hrolher, now nnmhers re than three-score 



years, has a duty lo perfiirin in carrying out llie 

 details of plaimeil campaigns, Ihe raising and 

 siilwisleiM-e of troops, the e.\lendo<l and rapid 

 correspondence lestdting from the hiitiles and 

 iiiiivements of our nrmi«-8 at a great distance, 

 which few persons who are not conversant with 

 the events coiislaiilly transpiring at the several 

 war Irtireaus, know how lo appreciate. Like his 

 collcngiie and idder the veteran Gen. Gihson now 

 at ihe age of over seventy years at llic head ot 

 the Cominis.=ai-y hiireaii and the gallant Gen. 

 Towsou of the I'uy departiueut, Gen. Jolifs 



