26 



m)t Javmcr's iBantl)lij bisitor. 



work their .ixcn liai(l,all siiimnrr, aiul wlieii they 

 an- (lull.; uovUiiij.', lliey will make riies.s heel. 



i .-nieriilly I'ave a hra.l ill my iiomh Imt seldom 

 ii.o" it; aii.l wli.'ii I do, I most always pni-k tlie 

 o.\'s hutlorks ; but in no case, in tlie sliouliler. 



Now, O ye inhuman, iiiifeuling and unn-ason- 

 alilt! leamstei-s, consider what you ard ahmit .— 

 Provide siiitahle yokes and bows lor oxen, and 

 ns<.' the hriite beasts which the Maker o( all thin.!>s 

 has snbiecled to your |iower, as becomes a man ; 

 lemeniberinsfthat "a rifrhteons "'«" ':,';;■;':; •■'" 

 the life of hi; beast." PLOUGH-JOGGLK. 



Awiista, Jfiii, 1847. J. 



'J'he bi:st teamster that we ever saw, vvas a deal 

 and dumb man, who drove his oxen with a whip, 

 vviihont a brad. It is true the oxen had been 

 trained by him, an.l were (amiliar to all Ins mo- 

 tions, and he never made a motion ""''■■■^«'t "f-^"] 

 son.elhiiig-of course he never hoUercd^^ at 

 them. 



to fotir days, according to the state of the weath- 

 \, ._tl,en work aj;aiii-n.ake the cheeses tlie si2e 

 vou like, and dn, than in Iht shidi. Alter they 

 have become sufliciently dry, (dace them in pots 

 or n-iii" ami let them remain a lortm.v'hl or more. 

 In this wav cheese of a most excellent .inalny 

 may be made, and what is of no small conse- 

 oiieiire, il will keep foryears without the sli(ihlcsl 

 deterioration from the effects of aj{e,iirovided II be 

 kept dry. A friend, w lio has had the pleasure ol 

 eating' cliee-e prepared in this manner, speaks of 

 it in hijjii terms.— Jt/c. Farmer. 



Palace of the Kremlin, in Moscow.-Tlie 

 Kremlin stands almost in the centre of Moscow, 

 on an elevated hank of the Moskva. lis shape is 

 triitn-nlar, the circumference beiii;,' nearly two 

 miles"- a hi^'h wall siirn/mids it, stron-ly hmll 

 of l)rick, faced at the fonndalion with stone; 

 there are five i.'ates, four of which have steeples, 

 with numerous watcli-lowers interspersed. In 

 passini; through one of the fjates, it is the cus- 

 tom for every male, from the soverei-n to the 

 peasant, to take ofF his hat and remain uncov- 



There arc no recnlar streets in the Kremlin, 

 but three open spaces or squares of a very irre^'- 

 ular shape, and abundance of room besides, lor 

 the numerous carriages and foot passen-ers with 

 which it is always crowde.l ; here are the f-overn- 

 ment offices, the palace, the senate lioiise the 

 arsenal, the imperial museum, a number of ca- 

 thedrals, churches, and niouastenes ; among 

 which is the most splendid church in Moscow, 

 the C'athadral of the Assuni|Uion. It was biiill 

 about three hundred and sixty years ago, and is 

 loaded with oruanaHits to rMich an extreme that 

 thev are said to have taken '210,000 leaves ot gold 

 leaf to Mild them. In the middle is susiiended a 

 crown of massive silver, accompanied with loriy- 

 eighl chandeliers, all of a single piece, and weigh- 

 ing nearly three llKHiraiid pounds. 



The Kremlin was one of the places which the 

 French attempted lo blow up previous to then- 

 departure in lBI-2, and the explosion had rent the 

 tower of Ivan from top to bottom. I he number 

 of bells contained in it was thirty-three, f n ol 

 which wore of large size, the ginallest weighing 

 7000 poimd.s. On festivals they are toUeil almost 

 continually, from an early hour till the evening, 

 the Knssians being extremely fond ol their chime 

 JSnt the sound of these bells must be hunt indeed 

 when compared v.ilh that which used to be giv- 

 en out by the great bell, justly styled zar Hob 

 Kol, the'empeior of bells, which now lies partly 

 buried in the ground in an immense cavity on 

 the cast side of the belfry. An inscription on Us 

 Bides states that it was rung to aimoni.ee iliviue 

 service, A. I). 1<;.58; and a traveller of 'l';'t 'i».v 

 mentions that its weight was actually 44,J,//- 

 po.inds, which, ce.inputed at 70 cents per poniul, 

 would make its value more than .8310,000. When 

 Busiiended it was rung by liliy men. one halt on 

 each side, who, by means of ropes pulled the 



^ in''l737 the wooden building in which it hung 

 took lire, and the bell becoming hot, it not only 

 fell, but wan cracked ill consecitience ofcoh wa- 

 ter having been thrown upon it lo extinguish the 

 fluiies Accordius lo accredited measurement 

 the perpendicular height was 21 feet 4 inches, 

 the circumference 07 feet 4 inches, ami the thick- 

 ness of the mend in its slenderest jiart 23 inches. 

 •I'hej-lapper which lies at the fool of Ivan tower, 

 i, 11 feet long. The bell is truly what I5artle 

 tailed it, ii mountain of metal. 



Indicatious of a Good Cow. 



When a heifer has arrived at the age of one 

 year and a half or two jears, a good judge will 

 be able to determine pretty accurately wheth- 

 er she will be worth keeping, particularly il 

 she is with calf. The first and most impor- 

 tant indication is a large udder: for it this is not 

 capacious the cow can never be great lor iniU;. 

 The next point is, good teats, well set Iron, 

 each other. These and the nd.ler should be ol 

 a yellow east, for a yellow, or a mahogany color, 

 is'a ■'•ood indication"thal the milk will be rich.— 

 It is a "oo<l sign in a heifer to have the skm about 

 the udder loose and flabby ; for if it is light and 

 slick there will be a want of material to lorm tlie 

 udiler ; it can never be capacious enough to hold 

 a large mess. . , . . , 



As to the genei-al form of the animal, it is less 

 important, for we often find the most ill lool<mg 

 animals giving the largest mess ol milk. Yet it 

 is important that she have a good broad chest, 

 for here are the lungs; and capacious lungs are 

 iiidicalive of health and hardiness. . 



A small head, small horns, a straight back, 

 short legs, a briffht eye, a small and yellow nose 

 a yellow circle about the eye, are all indications 

 ol' a "ood cow. No man can determine with ab- 

 solutS certainty what kind of a cow a young 

 heifer will make. Hut those who have lor a long 

 lime paid attention to the subject, and have re- 

 peatedly calle.l into exercise their laculties o 

 judging, will be able to determine pretly well 

 vvhelhe'i- a heifer is worth trying. 



If stock is to be purchased from the country 

 it is belter to buy heifers than cows. Buy such 

 as have never been tried, and you stand a chance 

 to possess the best ; but if you buy cows thai 

 have been milked one summer you must give a 

 hiah price lor them if they are superior cattle.— 

 Maine CuUii'idor. 



very nearly as beneficial ua unleached ones.— 

 Ashes effect what lime cannot: Ihey Fender the 

 soil more tenacious of moisture ,and although rlieir 

 action is not as prompt or efficient on our cold 

 soil.^ Ihey are, for the reason a.ssigiied, consider- 

 ed as valualile on light sandy ones." 



or the value of ashes on corn and wheat lands 

 -both leached anil mdeuched— the farmers ot 

 Long Island and New Jersey have long been ful- 

 ly aware. The knowledge there obtained by ex- 

 periment, has since happily been disseminated to 

 other regions, and ashrs are now esteemed by 

 many as an article worthy of being preserved.— 

 Maine Farmer. 



To PREVENT Smut in WHEAT.-Allhongh we 

 have given directions i:oW to prevent the smut in 

 wheat in a former volume, many ol oiir readers 

 do not seem to have read them, and therelore we 

 repeat ihem. Make a brine strong enough to 

 bear up an CL'g, be careful that it is not above 

 blood heat, llien let the grain soak in it 'i""! "'."^ 

 to twelve hours, as is most convenient. While in 

 soak, stir up the grain occasionally, and every 

 timethat is done, take off the scum, tool stufl 

 and li'dit seeds that rise to the top ol the brine. 

 As the grain is taken out, spread it on a floor or 

 iiithesiin, and scatter slacked lime ashes, or 

 plaster over il, to dry it. Lime is the best male- 

 rial for this piirpo.se, if to be had. It wil dry in 

 half an hour in the sun, and is then rea.ly lo be 

 sown. Copperas water ami urine are frequently 

 used in.stead of brine, as h is cleanly, and never 

 dangerous in aiiplication. Some say grain may 

 be soaked twenty-four hoursiii ihe brine without 

 iujury; but if il be a thin ,-kiniied variety, we 

 sliouid think it woiiM endanger hs germiiiatioii 

 to soak over four hours or so. It is a good plan 

 to prepare rye, barely, buckwheat and oat.s tor 

 sowing, in the sa-.ne way as wheat, especially oats 

 as they are fi-eqnenlly as liable to smut. — imen- 

 ican .flgricultiiralisl. 



Bees —To stop bees from fighting and robbing 

 one ano'lher, break the comb of the robbers so 

 that the honey will run down among tluJ^n, and 

 they will go to work at home. ! had two hives 

 of bees destroyed hist month by being robbed,anrt 

 should have had another robbed, if I ^^■■"} "9^ l""- 

 ceived the above infonualion.— .'J/tani/ Cultivator. 



A NEW KIND OF CiiKESE.— All e.«leemed friend, 

 in wiioae recipes we have great confidence, has 

 kindly furnished us with the lollowmg lor mak- 

 ing cheese : — . , i i i 



Boil good white potatoes, ami wlum cold, peel 

 and mash them till not a lumli reiliauis. To live 

 poiimU thus prepared, add a pint and a hall o 

 soio- milk, and as miieh salt as may be deemed 

 necessary lo season the mass. Having worked 

 it well, let il ba curefiilly covered for from two 



House Ashes, 



Qu many farms the surplus ashes, after enough 

 has'been received for the domestic requirements 

 of soap making, are usually dispo.sed ot to those 

 whose business it is lo collect this material lor tlie 

 soap manulacturers or other.s, at a price merely 

 nominal. No farmer or gardener, who rightly ap- 

 preciates their value or his own interests will ev- 

 er dispose of his imleached ashes at less than sev- 

 enly-five cents per bushel. Whatever may he 

 the geological Ibrmaliou or constitutional texture 

 of his farm, it is scarcely wilhin the limits ol^ 

 probabihiy but that there are sections or spots, 

 ,t least, on which the application ot ashes, eith- 

 er as a top-<lressing, or in compost, would not be 

 highly salutary to the soil, and beneficial to the 

 crop A farmer of much observation, in the good 

 old agricultural Slate of Connecticut, .says, in a 

 letter recently received that he has lonud by ac- 

 curate experiment, thai for every bushel ot ashes 

 aiuilied 10 his corn crop, for the last ten years, he 

 has receiveil an a.ldilional bushel of corn as the 



" Professor Jackson, in one of his highly able 

 and scientific lectures in Huston, illnstialmg the 

 luaniier in which the improvement ol soil, im- 

 mediate and permanent, may be effected, says 

 that "a farm within his know ledge, with a blow- 

 in- sand, a pine, barren, ami almost Impelesssoi 

 oirwhich ten bushels of corn to the aero could 

 scarcely be grown, by the judicious apphcaiion 

 of ashe.s, has been made lo proihice forty or li ly 

 bushels 10 the iicrc." In commentmg upon Uus 

 assertion, one of our most able agricultural wri- 

 ,e,-.< -ays-—" We do not qij.-stion the correctness 

 of Dr. Jack.son's slatements. Onr obseryatioii 

 has convinced us that on sandy sods, with the 

 exceplion of clay marl, there is nothing more ben- 

 eficial in the application to such soils, than allies, 

 and very forumately, unless uncouunon qnanli- 

 lies of acids exist in such soils, leached ashes are 



niiKration of Fishes. 



We wi«h we know all the natural history of fishes. 

 Wouldn't il he curious, intoiesting and highly instruct- 

 in" ' Here i.i a nuaierou.s imrtien ol iiniiiKded iialure, 

 r, 'ing, moving near us, so near tluil we may .luily see 

 Ihenr and yet wh.;t do wo know about them ? almost 

 uothiii" How wonderful would seem the openitions of 

 nature^if we could dive down to the depth ol the sea, 

 and become conversant wilh all the hying lorms, and 

 learn all die laws which govern CMsU-nce in those 

 depths,whero so much life is in constant motion. s it 

 any wonder that the imaginalion ol the olden Poets 

 should people these vast watery regions with gods, 

 and iivnuihs, and mermaids ? il seems so stiaisge I lat 

 nore ihLli half of Uus greu. globe shouhihc devoted to 

 water, as the mere dwelling-placed the lishes and sca- 



'^ ThelTv'Vacts which have come lo the of.servalion of 

 those who have devoted themselves to the study ol iho 

 ;iabils of fishes are exceedingly interesting in man) 



oints of view. Perhaps the most stnUmg peeuhar.ty 

 s heir migratory or travelling haliits. 'Ihe cause of 



us o .he^vhy and the wherefore they |r/.vel is aot 

 unown; hut all know the fact that many kinds offish 

 as the honing, and the shad, and the salmon, a id the 

 "turUon. and many others, make Iheir periodical visits 

 a d'then go wli,th6r, we can hardly tell. 'Ihe herring 

 . d other^lishes come up into the fresh ^;-';-;-'' 

 ponds and sp.iwn, hat why they should come « 'l"^" 

 Li„„ or that for this pmpose. is nol known;, or her- 

 ?ver they may be-in whatever section ol the glol c 



I ev en. tindshoal watcis and fresh waters. .1 really 

 ems to be a direct order of Uivine l'-;" .^"^ ,;; 

 .,K.ci a ■=e,uliM" of them to serve lor food to mankind. 

 ■ •: . e indiaiAhis feeding, hy the hand of '•"- ™^«;. 

 was si..nallv propitious, for the lish came at a .seasono 

 e v°r vvlen the game of the lorcst had passed 



iLil^'i^^ngwinlerlindwasleanandpoo^amlhc 



furs vvcre getling ll.ni as the animals shed "^'^ " ''^ 



coals and were al.out putting ''^''>';^''■ ^""''■'"^•' " ,„ ! 



„,• tliiidv scattered hair, 'ihe civihzcd " " >•. J'" "^ 



livatcs the earth, and d.iins the streams and biulds mi Is, 



; odie re ources for living, and henco the lisli dis- 



p ." IVoin helore tho arts which he has adopted 



'Accounts of the heriing lishenes in "^ ^;;" '^.'^ 



Cher seas, give astonishing lads m ^'■S;'''i '" '' J^' '„- 



hers, as well us vuluo of this species alooe. ftloie man 



