dry slniw and other light litter, laid upon slicks 

 or lirrishwood ; lint remove the coverine as soon 

 ns the weather turns mild. 1/; in April, Alay, an<l 

 the roln-se of the siinmier, i]i-y weather ocnirs 

 watering will he necessary, especially to plants 

 III hlossom and swellin- the fruit ; and this troii- 

 hle »^ll he repaid in the produce. Kows partly 

 cnt oft may he made up hy transplanting In 

 dry wealhur, water, and in hot weather ^shade, 

 u.uri the plants .strike. .Ml peas fruit hetler for 

 sir.-kmfr, and continue lon-er pro.luciive, espc- 

 ctally the larger sorts. Stick the plants when 

 Jroin SIX to twelve inches high, as soon ns they 

 hegm to vine. Provide l.ranchy sticks of such a 

 lieight as the .son will require ; Ihr the frame and 

 I.eadman s dwari; three feet hiirh ; for the Charl- 

 taii and iniihlle-sized, four or five feet ; for the 

 iimiTowlat and larger kinds, six or eight feet: for 

 the ronncival, and for Knight's marrow-pea, nine 

 or ten leet. Place a row of slicks to each line of 

 peas, on the most sunny side, east or south, that 

 the atiraciion of the sun may incline the plants 

 towards the sticks. Place ahont half the nnni- 

 ber on the opposite side, and let l.oih rows stand 

 rather wider at the top than at the gionn.l.- 

 borne gardeners stop the leading shoot of the 

 tricst early crop when in hlos.sotn ; a device 

 u hicli accelerates the setting and maturity of the 



Toforu'ardanearhj Crop.— "Bow or plant in 

 lines /roil, east to west, and slick a row of siirucc- 

 hr (or other evergreen) hranehes along the north 

 side ot every row, and sloping so as to hen.l over 

 the plants at one loot or eighteen inch-s frnni 

 he ground. As the plants advance in height, 

 vary the position of the hranehes, so as thev inav 

 always prnlect ihem from perpendicular cold or 

 ram, and yet leave them open to the full niflii- 

 ence of the spring sun. Some cover dnrii.^r 

 nights and in severe weather with two hoards^ 

 nailed together lengthwise, at ri-ht angles, which' 

 forms a very secure ami easily-inanaged covering, 

 hut e.vclndes the light. A hettei plan would he 

 to glaze one of the sides lo he kept to the south' 

 and to manage such row glasses, as they mio|„ 

 he called when over peas, heans, spinage, &c 



as liand-glassesare managed wlieu over cauliflow- 

 er ; that IS, to take them off in fine weather or 



rai..^e Ihem constunily or occasionally hv hrickhLt = 

 or other piop.s as the weatherand the stale of the 

 crop might require."— ioiu/on. 



Management of a Inle Crop.— 'VhG best variety 

 tor this purpose is Knight's mariow-iiea, which 

 may he sown at intervals often days fiom ihe 



^/"" 'S '" 'lie end of June. " The giouiid is 



dug over in the usual way, and the s,,aces to he 

 occupied hy the (ntuio rows of peas are well 

 soaked will, water. The mould upon each side 

 IS ihen collected so as to form rid«es seven or 

 eight inches above the |nevions level of the 

 ground, and these ridges are well watered The 

 seeds are now sown in single ro«s, alon-r the 

 tops of .he ridges. The plants grow vigorously, 

 owing tothedepih o( soil and ahnmlani moii 

 ture Jf dry weather at any time set in, water is 

 applie.l pmhisely once a week. In this way, the 

 plants coniinne green ami vigorous, resistiu.; 

 mildew, ami yielding fruit till subdued by frost" 

 — -fiO/7. i ra?!s. vol. ii. 



. To Mre W.-" Like other vegetables, the pea 

 IS susceplihle ot considerable impiovement, and 

 bv the simple n.eans of marking the Huest plants 

 of each variety, and keeping them for seed.- 

 \\ilsoi,sf,ainennd Knight pea have been form- 

 ed in this way, and affoi-d sufBcient pioof of the 

 wonders produced hy a very sumll degree of oh- 

 servalion and care."-^™!s/rono-. ° 



FM culhive of the Pea.-VW. most common 

 modeo! sowing peas is broad-cast ; but the a<l- 

 vantages of il,e row culture, in a crop .so early 

 comnmte.l to il,e ground, must he obvious. Lou 

 don .says, "In Kent, where immense quaniiiies 

 of peas are raised, both forgathering g.'een a k 

 lo selling ,-,,,e lo the seedsmen, iheytu-e -ene 

 "ally sown m rows from eighteen inch .s to Unee 

 eet asnuder, acco.ditig to the kind, and well cnl- 

 vate.l between them. Peas laid a (but below 

 t le.smlace w,ll vegetate; hut the most ai.proved 

 dcp I, IS SIX inches in light soil, and four nches 

 >nelnyso,l; or which reason ih-y on«l,t ,o be 

 sown under lunow when the ploughing i., , e 

 |ived till spinig. Of all grain,' hea^is e'vcepted, 

 theyue m the least danger of being buried too 



Deane observed, il,at "for field peas, land that 



^[)t JTarmcv's i«ontl)ly bisitor. 



IS newly ploughed out of swaid is geueially ac- 

 cotinied best ; ami land which is high and dry 

 and has not been much dunged. A light, lo.imy 

 sod IS the most suitable Ibr them; and if it 

 aboun.l will, slaty stone.., it is the belter. Hut 

 they will do m any ,lry ..oil. The manures that 

 suit peas best are marl ami lime. Our liirmers 

 do not commonly allow a sufKcient quantity of 

 see.l h,r peas m broad-cast souing. When peas 

 ^u-e sowed tl„„, „,« ,„,„„, ,,;„ j,^;,, „,J': , f,'," 

 and perhaps rot; when they a,e thick, the plants 

 will hold each other up wiil, th.i,. tendrils, Ibrm- 



o'nhe'ah-!"""" """^' ""^ '''" '"'^'^ """■''' ''""•^'i' 

 Inscdsand Diseases.— The Mass. .fJu-ricuUural 

 Rcpos,tor,, for June, 1820, contains som; rM 

 01 the llon.l. Pickering, relative to a bm.' orfly 

 which preys on the pea, in which he observes' 

 hat an effectual ren.e.ly for this evil is hie sow- 



vines of he late sown pea.«, that the crop will be 

 small, unless the land be moist as well as rich! 

 He then details some experiuiGuts, hy which he 

 ^•ouchides tJiat the insect is limited to a certain 

 I e 10.1 lor depositing its eggs; and if ihe tender 

 pods are not oumi till that period has passed, the 

 pea.s will be free from bugs. Col. wi rthingto," 

 ol itens.'^elacr county. New York, ".-.oweiP his 

 pens on the lOtli of June, six years in succession 

 •Hd a bug has never been seen in his peas' 

 uhcrcas jus neighhor.s, who have not adm.te.l 

 this pr.-icticc, have scarcely a pea wiihont a bm. 

 ni It. He supposes the season for depositing the 

 egg of the pea-bug is pa.s.sed before ihe peas are 



• ■ a „ ' ,- >-. i-""">-" "Tiuif i,ie peas are 



in i]o^^Jy."-Me,mlrs of ihe A'ao York Board of 

 ^^Igncullnrc, vol. „. p. 2.3. » I'he only insect that 

 commonly injures our peas is n .small brown bo- 

 or fiy, the egg (or larva) of which is deposited in 

 them when they are young, and the pods easily 

 per .ualed. The bisect tloes not come out of ui 

 1 est tdl he IS furnished with short wiiK^s. They 

 dimmish the peas in which they lodge nearly one 

 half, and their leavmgs are fit only fbr the food 

 of swme. The bugs, however, will be all gone 

 out ,1 you keep them to the fbllowimr autumn. 

 Ill they who eat buggy peas the winter after 

 tbey are raised, must run the yenlure of catin" 

 the iiisects."-i)e«,i6'« .\: E. Farmer. '^ 



Ihe same writer recommends, when seed peas 

 are known or suspected to contain in.secis to 

 scald them a quarter of a minute in boilin.r wa- 

 ter, spread them about, and sow tl,eni»nvithout 

 delay. If any of the bugs should be in the peas, 

 tins scalding will destroy then ; and pea.s, in- 

 stead of being hurt, will come up the sooner and 

 grow the fiisler. 



.Mildew is another evil attending peas, especial- 

 ly sncli as a,e sown late in the season. This dis- 

 order js supposed by Knight lo be canned hy "a 

 want of a snflicient supply of moisture froni the 

 sod with excess „f huu.io'ity in the air, ,K.nicnlar- 

 y i( he plants be expo.sed to a tcmperalnre be- 

 low that to which they have been accustomed " 

 J be remedy which he recommends i.slo""ive 

 water rather prohisely once a week, or nine (hiys 

 even it the weather proves showery." 



pc— The u.se of peas for soups ninl other 

 cnlmaiy purposes is well known. 'J'hey are 

 liUewise very serviceable in fittening hoys fbr 

 ubich purpose they should be liarvesied .fry and 

 ground into meal. If the straw be Ibrward in 

 autu,nn,and has been harvested uithout injury, 

 ■ t will be little inferior to ordinary hay for feediuit 



"In boiling split pea.s some samples, wiihoiit 

 releieuee to variety, fall or moulder down freelv 

 into [inlp while others continue to maintain theiV 

 form. I he lo, iner are called boUers. This proi,- 

 erty of^ fjoilmg depends on the .soil : stilf land, or 

 sandy land thai has been limed or marled, nni- 

 forudy produces |,eas that will not melt in boil- 

 ing, 110 matter what the variety may Iw."— Lou- 

 don. 



"When peas are sown before winter, or ear- 

 ly 111 the spring, they are apt to he eaten by 

 mice. To prevent ihi.s soal» the peas for a day 

 or two in train oil before you sow them, which 

 will encomage their vegetation, and render them 

 so obnoxious to the mice that they will not eat 

 them." — Domeslic Encyclopedia. 



■s ns 08 h,r, "f New York ; 121 in Massachu- 

 li" in r -nr ■ •■'■f"A^''" ^°0 in Kentucky; 

 .hnts .o^w ■' ",'"' ^'•"'•^'i"; a catalogue of 



i'clore beuig put into the bar,!? "h-lyue^v 

 dealt con.siderahly in hay, and hougl . f^ f, 



l-eople who brought it to market." Au'om ° ! 

 •■uslomers were two iieiglibo,-s. The ha w|,i -h 

 one Inoiight was always b,-i,ri,t .„i,l 'i.-.m • 

 weiglied well. The ha/whiJh'l'ouler , l^h 



w:.r' ','",' ■'^""•■'■"^ 'ii^appointed them' 



tie o he,, and was smoky. He asked the f^rst 



o 1.3 he cause of ihis-wby his |,ay was -ilwaya 



iigl -not smoky, and heavier than that of Ids 



neighbors .= Because, said he, I always «iye n m 



rhuC^'^Tr''"''!"^"'/'""'"^'-"'^- o 



tbt lain Tins IS the whole secret-thorough 



smoky and cause it to weigh u,ore, bulk Ibr hulk 



' HKiy that IS put into the ba,„ nofsnniciently' 



FaZ^r " "°''"' '•'-•""^"•I'etiiiS.-^/c. 



Number of (.Brasses.— Farmers only onltivate 

 a very lew vari.-ties of the trrassrs: and very ff;w 

 are aware what a variety tiiere is within a i;.vv 

 miles of them. There are, fbr instance, 120 spe- 



WORCESTER, M.4RCH 19, 1847 

 The Hon Isaac Hill ^ Sons-Editors of the 

 : tarmer's Monthly Visitor " .-Ge.nti,o F^^-_A 



i eiot rof^F '. 'T'"'"' '"? ^°"'' l-"''i-ion of 

 Uie iOth ol Fell, last, in whi,-h yon give an inter- 



I'ers'f,"^;""!'/ '-^Vh" '^'■^' ''"""■'•slindNew I 

 leism he United Slates." So far as I am ac 

 quainted with facts, your slatements are gener 

 ■■My correct and candid. Your notice of the pa- 

 liercommenccl by „,e in Newburyport o 1,^ 

 ourth of Inly 180;3, an.l transferred' to Kos o, i,° 

 the tnonth o February of 1804, contains I, w" 

 ever, a number of errors. ]„ ihe fi,>t ph c" it 



R:pe';r;'""in'„""' """^'""i ^"''"'''""^' ■"" '-^ 



loweipj" "ext place, the " late John 



J.oHells essays never vve,-e published in the 

 Keper.ory He had chosen ihe' Centinel, hefo e 

 1 remove, to E,jston, and alw/,ys made thai Vm 



i:n[.nc' tI'" 'if' "V'T ~'-™-ions - 1^ 

 IJublic. rhelon. Fisher A lues s;ave Ais politi- 

 oal essays exclusively lo the IJepertory, a 'lai' e 

 I'ioporlion of which we,-e tifterwards ^'epr ed 



'ilbevol„meofhisuo,ks,and iheir oriVii iic 

 l^nowleilgch ir M,, l„„,|| . i,^,,,, -; '^ 



aseccsion of New England from fhe Unt.n " 



I •fjlf,.""',,'' "''^'■•""''''1 »".v '•■f'-h p,oposition. 

 J-asilj the Reperto,y was never intended or 

 expeete.l to supplant any of the old papers, bn 



co-operate will, ihose of ,l,e same polhie..- 

 ts patronage never tleeiined, hut was still ad- 



vancmg, when in fSlI, owing to a fatal indi.oo 



1 ., ■■! '"W' "''° ™"" ^'l""''"^'>'-ds made 

 ta la Iv paper Nalhan Hale, Esq., first became 



cern '"' '"°" '""•'^'""*'^'' "»• entire con- 



For your kind and liberal compliment, as to 

 he pol, Ileal character of the Repertory, please 

 o accept my sincere thanks, will, n,y wishes for 



he utmost piosperity of your universally admired 

 •tiul vanied Visiior. 



With sentiments of esteem 



Your very humble servant, 



IL/- M e were glad on our reiurii (rom the 

 Souil, to receive the above note from the gentle- 

 man and the scholar, who was the editor of forty 

 years ago. The artl.de ,vritten liaslily. in th^ 

 hands of young printers all born since the time, 

 was erroneously printed Repository for Reperto- 

 ly. The u,isla!>e respecting the new.-papcr 

 which gave the first circulation lo Mr. Lowell's 

 cs.says was natural from our young idea of the 

 high tone of the fl-ieiids of the Rep^um-y. As 

 far back as the termination of the fi,>t M,". Ad- 

 ams' administration, there was a su|ipnsed dif- 

 lerence in ihe aiisieriiy of character of il,e leail- 

 iug lioliiieal federal men of that lime. There 



