60 



iniited llie hogs three times each day to jmrlnke 

 of it one hour, in which time they coni|>letely 

 filled themselves to ie|jletion. They were ullow'- 

 ed no other food during Octol)er and Novemhcr; 

 tlie flrgt week In Decfoilier they were killed, and 

 (litter animals I never saw. They were sold in 

 New Vork lor two cents per pound above the 

 market price." 



I understand that orcliards of tlie English mul- 

 berry arc very fine for hogs; and that they may 

 he speedily raised l)y grafiinf,' lliem on the mortis 

 mulhcaidis. 1 intend to try it as it will cost noth- 

 ing Iput a little lime and lahor. A good firmer 

 never ndnds HARD WORK. 



^\)c jTanncf jilontl)!!) llisitor. 



Farmer's Calender. 



Indian Corn. — It Ifc an error to plant seed from 

 States further South. In a cold season only the 

 seed of n colder climate will rij)eii welL 



Orteii hre.iking up a surface keeps a soil in 

 licaltli: for when it lies in a hard Iwmu] slate, 

 enriching showers run off, and the saJubrious air 

 cannot enter. 



Weeds exhaust the strength of the ground and 

 if suffered to grow i»jay he called garden sins. 



The hand and the hoe are the instruments for 

 •■radicaling weeds; yet if there is ixjoiii between 

 the rows for the spade it is well to use it. 



Never keep your cattJe sliort ; few n'len can 

 ?ifford It. If jou starve th«ro they will starve 

 you, 



lit will not do to lioe a gi^t field for a little 

 'P^-op, or m mow 20 aci-es tor five loads of \y.\v. 

 Ciirich the land and n will pay you for ii. Be't- 

 itr rarni 20 acres well than 40 acres by halves. 



Drive your business before you and it will go 

 easily. 



In dry jtastures dig for water on the l.iow of a 

 Mil; s|»riMgs are more fr-equentJi' "car tlx; sur- 

 Ifiice wa ii height than ia « vale. 

 Rain ii*«ash to a farmer. 

 Tl.'e f«atflf the owner is the best niaiuire for 

 Sand 



•Cm* iiiufhefs that you wish to destroy in the 

 ismMtwer and wii(« a sharp instrument; they will 

 ' I'jieed fVeely und die. 



■Sowclc»vor.4!as,|.i^ it secures it against drought. 

 A'ww if^Wglv 111 tewli vveatli«r, or when the 

 gr^^'lmd is very wet. 



^t is better to cut ^stiajjv just before it is fully or 

 «<Iead ripe. iVilwin lliC slravv Immediately Iwdow 

 the grai/o j.ssj dry ibu'l on twisting it no juice is 

 fixpresitod, it shotildi be cut^ for then there is no 

 furtbes <'iivijlalion cifjjiii-e to the car. IJver', 

 I boiu' tlisit it stantls iw<.'<it'ift.er lliis..sttige is ul'cn- 

 I <h'(| with loss. 



AecDiuils shoulil be kc|)t, detailing ib'e expen- 

 1 ge»< and produce of erucli field. 



When an inipl«uiir«it is no longrit wnnted for 

 I il'O season, lay it carefully aside, Inn liu it first be 

 "\vpM cleaned. 



Olitain goml seed, prepiu'e yatar groiiiid will, 

 «ow ejifly and \r,vy very little altenlion to the 

 jiHjon. 



Cidi(»ai« ynnr own heart ariylil, remember 

 lliat " vyh,vi(s<«<rer a miU) aouelh, that shall be al- 

 so IMHJI," Do not begin farming by building an 

 expi'iis'iTt; Itornse ; nor erect a s|iri(ious bain till 

 yon llfiVP wiiiiciKiii;.' lo stun; in il. 



Avoid biw anil damp sile i'i<r a duiHiiif; 

 hiiii«!. fiilild oiifliciciilly distant Inmi your barn 

 -•, <id stork-yard lo avoid aceidcnis by Cmc. 



Kp<'P notes of all remarkable occiirreiKTs on 

 Joii "■''"■''I" Recording even your errors will bo 

 ■iif ,, ^nefii. 



(j^j^ >d fenccfi make good iKigliboiv^. 

 JCx,,, 'riiiieiils are bi;;lily cniiiiieiiclablc, but do 

 me an babiiiial ixfieriincirler. 

 prcdaiioiiM of birds are fully compensn- 

 serviccs llii-y render iiipVejiiig upon 

 'tslern h'arnur. 



v;., 

 ■'■" .''eco 

 ''■/le ,1, 

 '■'' ''y ihe 



'■"'■'■IS.--;, 



Cl 



••usilES.— Having ntnieed lliat cur 



■y us well be made (rei'S as sbrnbs, 



II yon how I have seen it done. 



1831, my fiilber einmnenced a 



( other Ibiug.'i, eiillings lor ciir- 



'!" '"/■^'■os ma 

 '• "-flude f„ ,. 



,.''''■ ■"'"'" r or 



"^•") un.' ^|,„on, 'crmiiied lo iiuiUe an expini- 



ous/i - J ^^^, >. coiiings, n«id as soon as it 



'" " •Df^*""'*' 'I the loaves, except the top 



" •' *^^*'i\ieA K*^ " ''"'": <-l'lli"g was alioiit 



, \ V'"'' J \,.t. t;i"^^' d during ilie Slimmer, the 



^w\i>''." \,i.« ^''r^'' "\- ''''■■' f!i*=*^ perlia|is liMl 



"".'"', .\..-.V"V "■„„ ■ I pinched off all ibe 

 i\oii> •"■ jiiri>*fe ,1 .Vc._, . , ., 



"I """':'„ 'VU" "'■^'jf ivnV "V • "° '••'• ^ '^'" "* fe'"'"'''. 



so as to leave the lowest limbs about two feet 

 from the' ground. It branched well, became 

 a handsome little dwarf tree, and when it came to 

 bear fiiiil, it was more productive than any other 

 bush in the garden, and the fruit larger. It yvas 

 less inli;ried with spiders and other insects ; hens 

 could not pick off the fruit, and grass and weeds 

 were more easily kept from about the roots, and 

 it was an ornament instead of a blemish. Noyv, 

 I would propose lliat currant cuttings be set in 

 rows about 4i or 5 feet apart each way, (let them 

 be long and straight ones) trained into trees. 



—Cor. Mich. Far. 



A Productive Farm in Illinois. 



fiT E. HARKNESS. 



Messrs. Editors : Mr. Mordecai Abraham is 

 a neighbor of mine living upon rented land, and 

 pays $1.50 per acre lor ^ acres. He has just 

 given nie the following items as the amount of 

 his crop J'or tiie year 1846. His farjn has been 

 worked exclusively by himself and son, with n 

 team of two horses. 



,>ro»^ 

 ft. 

 inc , , ttV! 



wife had been to fetch him aw.qy. On .Saturday 

 last, Mr. Gay removed llie whole of the iront por- 

 lion of the foot of a young and deWcate fenmle, 

 in the presence of DV. Conquest, the eminent 

 physician E»r. Jones, and other gentlemen. The 

 ether threw her into a state of complete insensi- 

 bility, alter inhaling it for one miniUe ; the ampu^ 

 tation was performed within Oie space of anolher 

 minute, and the whole conclndbd and foot dres- 

 sed within a tew minutes of rhe coinmencemenS 

 of the proceeding — the jworgirt awakening al 

 the time perfectly iinccmscious of yvhafhad tran- 

 spired, and in a nieny mood. Dr. Snow's appa- 

 ratus, made by Ferguson, has; we were informed- 

 been employed by Mr. Gay, wi*b She greatesD 

 success. — London Paper. 



3,429 



In addition.lo tlte above Mr.. A. ha<\ Ii acre of 

 flax which, .vas a good crop, hut Jiol saved for 

 want of tiii.i6:.ainl thi^ee to four nci^-s of spring 

 wheat whiab he was unable to harvest.- He also 

 had nine aevee of good timothy hay, which was 

 well saved ; aH<4 160 busiiels apples, one half of 

 which wpre sold for 50 cents per bushel. 



The wife and ^ilaMgliters made a piece of ."iilk, 

 enough An- II haKdtcerchiefs, which sold for $l,.'iO 

 each, and they (lave kept a hand loom in motion 

 (kji- most M' the season. 



For harw.s!ing and threshing Mr. A. paid 161 

 {rashels of wheat, which with the $144 rent, 

 shows the airioiint to be deducted from the above 

 in estimating the value of the labor of the family. 



I send yon this lor the purpose ol showing 

 your reu'lers abroad what two men and two horses 

 can do in llie way of furnishing something lo eat, 

 whci they set themselves to work upon our prai- 

 ries. The land upon which the above crop was 

 laisod is not above a medium ipialiiy of ihc lands 

 in this region ; and I verily believe there are 30,- 

 000 seclioiis or square miles in the State which 

 are as productive as the farm in question. If I 

 am right in this opinion there are then 120,000 

 quarter sections which might be made as pro- 

 duciive as the one upon which Mr. Abraham 

 r.'iised the above croii. Again we have some 20,- 

 OOO scpiare miles not so ferlile, which may be set 

 down at half the prod'icliveness of those lir>sl 

 naiiied — equal to 40,000 more quarter sections — 

 iiiiikiiig in all 160,000 farms of equal productive- 

 ness with the above. Now if you will lake the 

 trouble to riphrr up how many people coiihl live 

 coinforlably iipiui the provisions raised by IMr. A. 

 as before slated, and llieii iiiulliply that number 

 (d' people by 160,(J00, you can, i think, give a 

 pretty shrewd guess how many human beings 

 can be i'e(\ upon the proiluclions of Illinois when 

 tlie same shall be brought into tolerable cultiva- 

 tion. 



Fruit Farm, Peoria Co., Feb. 1847. 



Effects of IvrntR. — At the Royal Free Ihis- 

 pilal in (Jray's Inn-lane, Mr. Uay, the surgeon, 

 lias been engaged liir many weeks past In ma- 

 king iri.il of ether inhalation; and we are happy 

 l;i be able to slate, thai, the experience of that 

 genllehian coiilirnis llie opinion now sjenerally 

 entertained, lliat properly administered it renders 

 persons prrfeclly insensible to pain, under the 

 mo>i severe suii;ical operations; and that its use, 

 even liy peixiiis deliililalcd by loiig-cDiiliiiucd 

 disea.<e, is linallelided with injurious results. In 

 three inslances ibe great toe nail, and in another 

 llie ii.'iil of ilio middle finger, were completely 

 removed, witbuiit ihe patients sufli-riiig or even 

 appearing to suffer, the slightest pain — operations 

 generally attended yvitli excriiciuling agony. In 

 the c.Tse of one iiiaii, submitted lo a very painful 

 operation, on rerovery, be did not know what had 

 been done, but was under the impression that he 

 had been drinking at u jiublic house and llipt his 



Growing Rose» fronr SevcT 



To the amateur this opens a field of very in«- 

 teresling amusement ; if gives an- object with' 

 which to fill up profitably erery reisiire momenti. 

 in impregnaiing, saving the seerf, sowing and' 

 watching every movement of the plant till it de- 

 velops its beauties of infloresrei.i«ierW'iipl*. if if 

 prove of new character, is an ampfe ctjmpensa' 

 lion for the time spent upon ihs- process r' if not' 

 worthy, it is at least a good sXitci: fo 6e used in' 

 budding or grafting upon, and eren Then causes- 

 no loss. In Ihe centre of many rose* rhere is a' 

 niiniber of thready filaments sormoanted by 

 yvbat botanists term anthers ; these »t« emaW o-- 

 val forms which, yvlien ripe, contain a qpantity 

 of pollen or yellow dust, which can easily be 

 perceived between the finger and the f?wmb,iif- 

 ler giving them a gentle pressiiie. This jiolleiv 

 though to the naked eye a fine [lowder, anA light 

 enough to be wafted along by the air, is ve/y cu- 

 riously formed, and varies very much in diflerenS 

 plants. Under the microscope each grain of it 

 in the rose is a membranous round bag, whicIV 

 remains entire, and can be kept dry and perfect 

 for days and yveeks. On its .ipplication lo the 

 moist lip of the pistil, which in Ibe rose is a stiff" 

 protuberance in Ihe very centre of the flower, it 

 bursts with great force. When floyvers are de- 

 signed to be operated upon, the one intended \.<r 

 produce the seed should bo deprived of its an- 



thers early in tUo morning, yvhicli can readily he- 

 done yvitb a pair of fine scissors; then during 

 the day, or within tyvo days, take a fine camel 

 hair pencil, and obtain, about noon, the pollen or 

 dust from the plant or plants with whicii you in- 

 tend to make the cros.s, and apply tbisdiLst to the 

 pistil of the roses from yvbicii you have previous- 

 ly exiracted the anlbers. It yvill require some 

 practice before proficiency can be attained in the 

 operation, but a little attention will insure some 

 success. The organs are fit for the operation 

 yylien the pisiil has a glutinous appearance on 

 its siiiiimit, and the pollen is dry and poyvdery. 

 Tlie flowers may be one or two days old ; rain is 

 filial to the operalion, dry weather therefore must 

 be chosen. Patience and assiduity can accom- 

 plish yvonders in thisdeparlmcnt of rose culture; 

 the persevering etforts of the French cultivators 

 have been so very successful within ibe last ten 

 years, that we do not at all despair of seeing a 

 yellow Mos.-i, a yellow Provins Rose, or even stri- 

 ped roses, combining every shade from yvbite lo 

 black, and ibere is no reason why there should 

 no' be produced a perpetual blooming climbing 

 Moss Rose, of any color at present known in the 

 liimily of llie rose. Ten years ago we bail no 

 idea of a Noisetie Ro.se of as fine a yellow as 

 llarrisonii, and as large as Noisette Lamarqne; 

 such Chromatclla. or the Cloth of Cold, is said 

 to be; perhaps ere this yvork is ibroiigh the press 

 ihc plants in my possession yvill be in bloom, lo 

 prove or disprove the nsserlion. 



The seeds yvill be ripe about the first of No- 

 vember, and cull be retained in the cajwule or 

 fruit till the liiWe of sowing, taking the piernii- 

 lioii lo biity tlicm in sand, wheie tiicy will be 

 .-iafe Iroiii tlu' ileprccl.ilious of mice, \>lio are very 

 Olid oI'lliLUi. j'ailv in the spring choose a shel- 

 tered spot in the garil-.^'ii, free from ihe shade or 

 Irip of trees; enrich and break up ibe soil very 

 fine, make llie sii' Itire ipiite smooth, lake the 

 hips from their winter quarters, break up the 

 fruit, and soyv the seeds thinly and evenly on the 

 .soil ; take the '.lack of the spade, or a board, and 

 press the seed level with the ground, then cover 

 them yvilli about one-fourth l« one-liulf of an incli 

 of sand ; "iC sand cannot be obtained lake leaf 

 mould, ay soil from the woods, finely sifted for 



Mj'iiU 



