112 



Sl)c iTarmci's iHcintl)li) llisitor. 



■ml world, nml in every point of view, whether 

 we regard th«ir temporal coinforcs, (heir religious 

 instruction, or the standard of morality among 

 them — our slaves are vastly their superiors. And 

 if we go still farther, and draw a comparison be- 

 tween the Africans here, though n slave, and their 

 brethren in their native land, in all their cruel 

 barbarism and beastly degradation, we see almost 

 an infinite advance in their character and condi- 

 tion — and to the eye of faith, it is the harbinger 

 of still richer blessings. 



In a word, the history of the world does not 

 furnish an instance of a people, that have emerg- 

 ed from a state of perfect barbarism into that of 

 comparative civilization more steadily and rapid- 

 ly than have the Afiican slaves, that have been 

 transp(>rte<l to this country ; and their present 

 condition, whether it relates to the comforts of 

 this life, or to the hopes of that which is to come, 

 is infinitely better, more tolerable, and more de- 

 sirable than that of ihree-fourths of the popula- 

 tion of the globe. But what does nil this prove ? 

 — that slavery is riirht? Not at all — it only proves 

 that many a tender heart has been made to bleed 

 over miseries that have had no existence — they 

 have been weeping in despair, while they should 

 rejoice in hope. They have been ready to curse 

 God and die, while they should bless Him, and 

 live, trust in Him, and pray. It proves, that in 

 this wretched world, there is misery enough, to 

 satisfy the most morbid appetite without the aid 

 of the imagination, and tijat the true friend of 

 the slave is he who regards his futme good, and 

 by patient perseverance is endeavoring to prepare 

 him for freedom, and prep.-ire hirn a place to en- 

 joy it. In farther confirmation of this, we shall 

 furnish a few facts in our next. 



Yours, &c., E. N. SAWTELL. 



Derby, Cl., June 14th, 1847. 

 Hon. Isaac Hill — 



Enclosed i send yon one dollar for my Visitor, 

 which will pay for 1847 and '8, as I think 1 am 

 not in arrears for any back vohimes. 



And allow me to say, that among the several 

 agricultural papers that I read there is not one 

 in which I take more inter(;st in reading than the 

 Visitor ; and pnrlicularly so the editonals. 



Yours truly, ' L. DURAND. 



The approbation of the veteran farmer of Con- 

 necticut, who taught us the inspiration of hus- 

 handri) through the colunms of Duel's Cultivator 

 years ago, would encourage ns to continue to 

 write on agriculture so long as strength shall be 

 left to wield a pen. Every other useful occupa- 

 tion and interest must flourish while the farmer 

 prospers. — Ed. Visitor. 



Paragraphs from the N.Y. Scientific American. 



Leather Tuade of Ohio. — Within a few. 

 years om- leather trade in Great Britain has great- 

 ly increased, owing to removal of all the duties 

 on foreign leather ii; that couniry. Ohio seems 

 to take the lead in the quality of her leather for 

 export. It is said that three-foiM-lhs of all the 

 Ohio leather arriving in New York, is shipped to 

 Great Britain. The liiilli of the leather is more 

 light than that tnaiiiifactnrcil further ('a.-^t, and is 

 preferred by the Erigli.<h njei-cliants for finishing 

 into upper hatlier. The most of it is tanned 

 with oak bark, and will now bj iug about 20 cents 

 per lb. Last year the same artii.-le was only 

 worth 1.5. 



New Era in Navigation. — On the 20th May, 

 a three masted schooner .•iiicliored outside Chi- 

 cago li!U-lior, loaded with 18,000 hnshc^ls of wheat, 

 with which she hail cleared lor Liverpool. She 

 goes by the way ol' the VVillaijd Canal and St. 

 Lavvreiire. 'I'liis is the first clearance of the kind 

 ever made from the inland vvater.s of the great 

 lakes lor a lOnropean port, and conslilntes anew 

 era in the history of navigation. 



Manufacture ok I'aper i.\ the U. States. 

 — Erom'statislical doeiunents presented before 

 Coligicss, it appears that the capital employed in 

 the maiintiicim'e of paper in the IJuIkmI Sl;ites, is 

 $18,000,000. The nnmln^r of mills 700 ; the an- 

 nual product it' 1 7,000,000 ;, -mil the nimdier (d' 

 opeialives enjployed, 100,000. 



(yOMMEHCE OK Nk.w York. — The ini'rcase of 

 impoils inla New York dming the lust five 



months, compared with the same months of 184C, 

 is $18,763,273 ; of which about one-third was 

 specie. Increase of exports, $7,107,272. The 

 increase of duties is $1.52,221,95. 



Berkshire Iron. — It would seem that like her 

 sons of " iron minds," Berkshire, Mass., has in- 

 valuable beds of iron ore in the bosom of her 

 rocky mountains. A new fin-nace and forge is 

 in I ourse of erection, about five miles fVom Pitts- 

 field. 



The Laroest Churches i.n the World. — 



St Peters at Rome is capable of holding 54,000 

 persons. The Milan Cathedral, 37,000. St. Paul's, 

 at London, 32,000. Notre Dame, at Paris, 32,- 

 000. Cathedrals at Florence and Antwerp, 24,- 

 000 each. 



Iron Trade or America. — The whole quan- 

 tity of hammered and rolled iron consumed in 

 the United Stales in \8iiO, was 144,60'6 tons; 31,- 

 800 of this was imported, and the value of the 

 whole was about $5,7(32,000. In 1837, 2.50,000 

 tons were manulactured in all the States, and in 

 1847. it is computed that 350.000 will come short 

 of the amount. Iron is the most valuable of all 

 the metals. It can be melted like water, and 

 moulded like plaster of Paris. It can also be 

 welded, a quality possessed only by one other 

 metal in the same manner. Our briilges, our 

 houses, our ships, and our carriages will all yet 

 be made of this metal. 



Borrowed Plumes. — The Delta states that a 

 number of the returned volunteers, paraded in 

 the streets of New Orleans on the 22d of iMaj, 

 arrayed in captured Mexican uniform. It seems 

 that 0000 of these uniforms were takun from the 

 Mexicans at Cerro Gordo, and divided by Gen. 

 Scott among our ragged and ill-clad volunteers. 

 The uniforms are said to be nearly new, and to 

 be comfortable and tasteful. 



Gold Washing. — There are some of the riv- 

 ers of Russia that possess as much gold as those 

 of Brazil. Russia has not been able within the 

 past three years to expend her income of gold, 

 hence the investments in France and England by 

 the Emperor. He has recently supplied the 

 Bank of France with about $10,000,000 in gold, 

 and has furnished the Bank of England with 

 about $15,000,000 in the same metal. Gold io 

 said to be found in very great abundance in the 

 Ural mountains, within a few years. 



To Relieve Colic in Horses. — Rub spirits 

 of turpentine on the breast of the horse, and if 

 he be drenched with it, also, he will be relieved. 

 Horses should never be put to severe work on an 

 empty stomach ; but more horses are hurt by 

 hard driving after a full tijed, than by a full feed 

 after hard driving. 



The Lungs. — To prove the soundness of the 

 lungs, let the patient draw in a fidl breath, and 

 then begin to count as far as he can, slowly and 

 audibly, without again inflating the lungs. The 

 nimiber of seconds he can continue is then to be 

 carefully noted. In confirmed consimiption, the 

 time iloes not exceed eight, and is often less than 

 six seconds. In pleurisy and pneumona it ranges 

 frotn nine to four seconds. But when the lungs 

 are sound the tiuie will range as high as from 

 twenty to thirty seconds. 



Time for Budding. — As to the time of bud- 

 ding, much ilepeiuls on the season, as forward or 

 backward, cold or warm, wc;t or dry. Siunetimes 

 from dry cool weather the bark will not peel well 

 at the usual time (or budding. Again, one may 

 bud .It the usual time when it is dry jmd the 

 slock growing slowly, and afterwards it may be 

 wet and warm, and the growth so rapid that the 

 buds will start the same season, and become win- 

 ter-killed from their lenilerness. We saw this 

 spring, in the nursery of .Mr. Philamon Russell. 

 Somerville, several cases of pear buds starting 

 and yriiwing several inches last fall, and tlicy 

 were all killed. In this c-ase the buds were set 

 later than usual, being the last of .August. 



Tlnr usual lime lor setting buds, is the first week 

 in August lor phims and cherries, .'ibout the sec- 

 ond wi'ek lor pears, or sometimes iluring the 

 first, second and third weeks; imd the second 

 and ihiril w'ecks for apples'. Sometimes appli'S 

 and pears may be set till the last of August.— 

 Peucli trees that aro several years old, may be 



budded the last of August, those of two years 

 old, about the first of September, those of the 

 presejit year, from the 5tb to the 15th, and some- 

 times until the 20th of September. Some bud 

 earlier than we have named, and others later. 

 Much depenps on circumstances, such as weath- 

 er, season, soil, cultivation, location, the pectdiar 

 properties of iliflTerent varieties, ns to growth, &c. 

 — Boston Cultivator. 



Ship Fever. — This dreadful disease is on the 

 increase in Canada. Out of 4950 passengers 

 that arrived at Grosse Island on Tuesday last, 

 there were 4.34 deaths on the passage, and of the 

 remainder many were sick. The Quebec Mer- 

 cury states that the total number of deaths at 

 Grosse Island, up to the 30th of June, was 821 ; 

 on board of ships and buried on the Island, to 

 July 8ih, 745 ; died at sea, 255G ; making a total 

 of 4065 deaths. 



CONCORD WHOLESALE 



CASH PRICES CURRENT. 



For West India Goods & GnocEniEs, Fi-ouB, Grai:i, Pro- 

 duce, Iron & Steel, Plaster, Salt, Lime, &.C. &c. 



Corrected for the Farmer's Mon.'iily Visitor by GIL- 

 MORE &, CLAPP. at Ihe Ue.iot Hlore, Concord. 



July 31, tan. 



ASHES, Pols 5S 



Pearls 6 



ah;m 4 



BKIMSTONE, Roll, .1 



Siil|)lmr, ^ 



CAiMPHOR. Refined,.... 50 



CANDLES, Mould, la 



Sperin,.... 'Ja 



COFFEE, St. DolDingo,....li 



Porto Rico, 9 



Porto Cabejlo 9 



Old Govcrnmeiil Java,... U 



COPPERAS, a 



FISH, Bank, K^quimal,. .3,50 



Pollock, 9,75 



B.ly 4,0(1 



Old Dun, 5,00 



No. 1 Salmon, if*bbl, 14,00 

 No. I Shad, i(>bbl, la.OO 



Ton's &. Sounds, S> bill, 0,00 

 II.H. Fins, p^hbl, 19,00 



FI^OtJR, Gi-nesee, 6,50 



Fancy brand, 7,00 



01jio,Akron, 8,00 



Spaiilding, extra, 8,00 



J. H. Beacb, 8,00 



FittJIT. Fies, 10 



Raisins, blue mark 6,.50 



Black mark f>,00 



Box, bunch 9,00 



FUS'i'IUK,Ouba,f> ton, 30,00 



Tampico, 99,00 



Ground, {^ bund 1,75 



GLUE, Russian best, 17 



American It 



GRAIN. Oats, 4a cents !(>• bu 



Corn 1,00 do bu 



Rye, 87icts. dobu 



Beans, 75(ffil,50 



Pens 50® 75 



GRINDSTONES, 1st qual- 

 ily, finished, j>liund. 9,95 

 Do. do. unfinished,.. -.1,50 



HERRING, I?- box. No. 1, ..W 

 Scaled, 75 



l.NDIGO, Bensal,. 1,10® 1,75 

 Spanish tloat,. . .1,00 (gi 1,50 

 Manilla, 75(511,95 



IRON, Old Sable 5 



Enclish 4 



Bank?, refined, 4.3 



EuKlisii, sheet, 6 



Russia, do 1-2®13 



Old Sable nailrods, 53 



iNorwei^ian do 



(Common do 4^ 



Enitlisli hoop 5 



American do 4 



Shoe Shapes, Am 4.4 



Swedes, shoe shapes, 43 



I,E.\THER. New Vork 

 Sole i.ealher, Light, 17 W 

 Do. Heavy, IS (a) 



Ll.ME, Thonmston, first 



(]uality, 1 ,9.1 



I'aniden, do 1,00 



LOGWOOD, St. Ilomin 



BO, (^ Ion, 99,00 



Campenchv, 97,00 



Ground, If' bund 1,75 



MACKEREL, No. I, *> 



bbl 11,00 



No. 2 8,50 



No. 3 «)50 



MOLASSES, Havana, SO 



Surinam, 95 



Trinidad 98 



PorloHiio, 30 



Sutar House, 50 



N A I LS. Boston I ron Co'a 



br:ind, 11 



old Colony do 1j 



Weymouth Iron Co 44 



Maiden, 4j 



IM.A.STER, «*ton, «,00 



Do. ilround, 10,00 



I-IKIVISIUNS. Pork Ex- 

 Ira clear D> bbl, 95,00 



Common do 99,00 



Extra Mess 21,00 



Common do I9,06 



Bulter,^ It, loeSO 



Cheese, new milch,...7(iyS 



Four meal, 5® 



Dried apple, best, 5 



Lard, northern, II 



Do. southern, 10 



Turkeys it Chickens, best,9 



Goslins, best, 4 



Round Hogs, 8 



REDWOOD, ground, ^ 



hnnd 2,75 



Nicaragua, ^ ton, 35,00 



RICE,!/* hund. best, ....5,00 



ROSIN, ^ bbl 9,50 



SAL.ERATlTS,firstqualitv,tiJ 

 SALT, St. Ubes, ^ hbd. 4,00 



Cadiz, 4,00 



Bonaircs, 4,.10 



Turks Island, 4,50 



Liverpool, 3.50 



Do. fine, Wortliingston 



brand, ^ bag, 9,00 



Do. other brands, 1,75 



SALTPETRE, crude, 8 



Do. refined 9 « 



SliED. Clover, northern, .10 



Do. southein, 9 



Herds grass, ^ bu 2,75 



SHEETINGS,prime^yd ..8 

 SHINGLES, first quality, 



No. 1, pine.r W 3,50 



do. do. do. spruce, 9,25 



SHIRTINGS, Pyard 6t 



SHOT, assorted, 5} 



SHOVELS, cast steel, ^ 



doz 10,00 



Steel pointed do 9,00 



Iron do. best 8,00 



Do. common, t),50 



SOAP, Castile, 10 



White Soap, best, 8 



Brown, No. 1, 4 



Family, ......5 



Extra 6 



SPICES. Cassia, in mats, 20 



Do. ground, 14 



Cloves 30 



Ginger, pure 



Mace.^lt,, 1,00 



Nutmegs, best, 1,50 



Pimento, whole, ..'. 19 



Do. ground, 14 



Pepper, whole 9 



Do. ground, 10 



STEEL, Swedes, liesl 7 J 



Sanderson, Brothers & 



Co. cast steel, \%\ 



Jessop A: Son, do.. ..,.. .17 



German, nesl, 19^ 



Do. common 10 



Conch spring, best, 0^ 



Sl'GAUS. Brown Hava- 

 na, very best, 8 



Do. do. prime, 71 



Do. ilo. fair, 7 



Double refin. East fl. lonf,I I 



Do. d.i. crushed, 11 



Do. do. poxvdered Hi 



Common loaf, 10 



Porlo Rico, besi 81 



Purified Muscovado do ...6$ 



TAR, (;> bbl 3,50 



TE.-\S. Gunpowder, best 



quality, ^ lb, 75 



Imperial, do 80 



Hyson, Atk ftO 



Hyson Skin, do 30 



Voung Hyson, common, ..15 



Do. do. luir, 40 



Do. do. good, 45 



Do. do. best 55 



TOIIACCO, common keg,..G. 



Good do It) 



Common box, S 



Gooil do , .\-i\ 



lloiiev Dew, do. best, IS 



Uavr lid ish,. ....... S6lS<37J 



