118 



Sl)c iTarmcr'iS iHontl)li) lUsitor. 



ceived from the State of Maine. A few days 

 since, Mr. Dunn, in tiie month of July, made an 

 entertainment to gentlemen of the Legislature 

 of Maine at the village which lias grown up un- 



der his enterjirise. Our friend the Rev. William articles to and from his village. While we were 



the road from Hallowell and Augusta to Dunn- 

 ville, over which he has to transport all his coal, 

 iron and goods, is very hilly. He keeps teams, 

 enihracing twelve horses, all the lime on the road 

 hetween the Kennebec and his place, carrying 



A. Drew, editor of the Gosjiel Banner, one of the 

 guests, gives of this "Festival at Dunnville" an 

 interesting and graphic sketch, from which we 

 present extracts: 



"North Wayne— or what shoidd, as we think, 

 more properly he denominated Duvnvilte, as it is 

 a village made and owned hy Mr. Diiim— is sit- 

 uated in the western part of our county of Ken- 

 nehee, in the town of Wayne, distant ahout five 

 miles from Winthrop, and fifteen miles from Au- 

 gusta and Hallowell. h is located in a valley, 

 surrounded hy high and fertile ridges of land, 

 some of which are quite precipitous, making al- 

 together the most hilly road that we know of in 

 tliis region. Over these hilly roads all the heavy 

 articles — such as coal, iron, steel, salt, molasses, 

 &c., have to he transported in wagons by horse- 

 power. 



Ten years ago some one undertook to stait a 

 scythe factory on the stream that passes through 

 the valley. He built one brick building, did some 

 work— and failed. In 1840, R. 15. Dunn, Esq., 

 then of Poland in Cumberland county, purchased 

 that liictory and the entire water privilege— at a 

 very small price, we dare say. There might have 

 been aUo a saw and a grist mill on the stream, 

 and two or three dwelling houses near by ; but 

 this was all. Mr. D. piuchased the whole, and 

 one hundred and fifty acres of land adjacent ; and 

 with nothing but a good credit, based upon Yan- 

 kee ingenuity and moral integrity, to start with, 

 revived the scythe-making business and com- 

 menced the extension of the works. Good cal- 

 culations and sure profits enabled him to extend 

 the business, until now, as we have said, he has 

 the largest inanulactory of scythes in the world. 

 There is nothing in the United States or in Ens- 

 land equal to it. Moris ihisall: he makes the 

 lest scjihes in the world. There are now, on 

 that stream, five factories for forging, plating, 

 grinding, polishing and finishing the scythes, be- 

 sides about an equal number of shops suited to 

 the smaller works connected with the main build- 

 ings. The number of scythes manufactured per 

 year, is ahout twelve thousand dozens, or one 

 hundred and Ibrty-four thousand scytlies annu- 

 ally. These are of the various constructions re- 

 quired liy the fashions of the different Stales of 

 I he Union, and for the cutting of grass, grain and 

 bushes. Those, we noticed, made for the South- 

 ern market were very long and wide — they were 

 designed for grain cradles. The Pennsylvania 

 Dutchmen require them— but it must take the 

 sons of Anak to swing them. Yankees require 

 a lighter tool. Mr. Dunn siqiplies the wholesale 

 dealers in all the Atlantic cities from Maine to 

 Baltimore, and delivers them without cost of 

 transportation. He has also orders frequently 

 from Memphis, Tenn. ; St. Louis, Mo. ; Cliicago, 

 III.; Cleveland, Ohio, &c. &c. His teams for 

 the supply of our merchants nearer home, tra- 

 verse every part of New England, drawn by no- 

 ble spans of horses and driven by accomplished 

 agents in the business. The establishment gives 

 constant ciiqdoymcnt to more than one hundred 

 men, and support, probably, to three times tluit 

 luiiuber of wives and children, in or near the vil- 

 lage which his Woiks have created. Of course 

 in that once obscure and retired ])lace, he has 

 bought and built every thing at a cheap rate ; and 

 yet, as he informs us, his outlays have not been 

 less than eighty thousand dollars— in water priv- 

 ileges, in factories, houses and lands. The vil- 

 lage is, of course, all new, and, like those built 

 hy Yankee mechanics, is very neat and tastefid. 

 To enlarge his water power, Mr. Dunn has re- 

 cently purchased the privilege above him, at Un- 

 derwood's Mills in Fayette, and is now able to 

 conmiaud the water of twenty ponils extending 

 northward to Mt. Vernon and New Sharon. This 

 will make his stream nnfairuig. He has also 

 erected a second dam below his original one, and 

 has already eriieled some buildings upon it. We 

 hope he will compel that power to make scythes 

 enough to siq)ply llie whole United Statics. 



But he needs a better road to tide waters. He 

 is, indeed, but 15 miles from navigation now ; but 



there, a splendid wagon, loaded with five tons of 

 Pennsylvatiia coat, arrived from the river, drawn 

 hy six magnificent Pennsylvania horses. It was 

 a splendid sight, and told us all of the need of a 

 railroad. 



It is time now to speak of certain festivities 

 which took place there on Friday of last week. 

 Mr. Dtinn is a public-spirited, whole-souled man, 

 and in the exercise of a characteristic generosity, 

 saw fit last week to invite the Governor and Coun- 

 cil, the members of the Senate and House of 

 Representatives, and other functionaries of the 

 State, together with editors, merchants, trader.*, 

 &c., to make him a visit. How many cards of 

 invitation he sent out, we know not; htit what 

 there were brought together a company of some 

 two or three hundred guests of great respecta- 

 bility. 



The company began to assemble about ten 

 o'clock on Friday morning, and continued to ar- 

 rive till noon. When all things were ready, High 

 Sherifl' Bachelder, of Ueadfield, called on the as- 

 sembled guests to follow their Governor, whom 

 he placed, as he should be, at the head of the 

 party. Every jjart of the machinery in all the 

 factories was put in full blast of operation for 

 the exhibition. Directed by Mr. Dunn, the train 

 entered the first factory where the rows of trip- 

 hammers begin the work on the rough bars of 

 steel. Following from this through the several 

 buildings successive!}', and witnessing the pro- 

 gress of the steel becoming a scythe in the hands 

 of skilful workmen, who appeared ambitious to 

 work as busily and as well as they coidd under 

 a Governor's eye, the jiarty coidd but be highly 

 delighted and instructed by the demonstrable ev- 

 idence before them of the power of mind to 

 bring the powers of nature into the harness and 

 maKu iljt^iii work Tor iiiun. 



We saw the rude bars become polished blades, 

 and saw those scythes bound up in straw ropes, 

 spun before us, and entwined around the dozens 

 ready for the market. Who was not pleased — • 

 who was not astonished — at that exhibition ? It 

 was such as has seldom been offered to our leg- 

 islators or citizens before. Every one was de- 

 lighted, and left the Works with invocations of 

 blessings ujjon the hospitable proprietor and his 

 skilful workmen. 



Between two and three hundred sat down to 

 the repast, which, we thought and said, was as 

 creditable to the host on the score of his hospi- 

 lalily, us the exhibition we had just witnessed in 

 the factories was to his ingemiitij and enterprise. 

 It was after 4 o'clock before the company left 

 the tables. The music escorted them to the 

 warehouse, where the omnibuses, coaches and 

 other carriages received their highly gratified 

 guests, who bid farewell to Dunnville, bearing 

 fidl testimony to the truth that Dunn, with the 

 best of scythes, had that day cut a double swath 

 into the fields of good liivor in ftlaiue, and piled 

 up his friends in happy wiurows." 



the addition of labor, rendered the iiett income 

 of his farm double that of any one in town, of 

 the same number of acres. 



"The fear of the expense of labor, is the rock 

 on which many of our flumers have been slraiui- 

 3(1. 'I hey will only hire help enough to raise 

 just sufficient lor the wants of the family, leaving 

 no surplus to lay up for a wet day, never thinking 

 that an additional hand for six or seven months, 

 would add, if judiciously employed, fifty jiercent. 

 to the productiveness of the farm, and then leave 

 a handsome sum to be laid by at the end of the 

 year. It should be impressed ou the minds of 

 tiirmers that the principle of the success of our 

 large manufactories, is the over production be- 

 yond the support of the fannlies engaged in them. 

 Hence, if they only do just enough for their sup- 

 port, there can he no income." 



We copy from the Tiansaclions, Mr. Hall's 

 statement as follows: 



My farm is located in the valley of Ne\v Leba- 

 non, Colui7)bia county, in about 42i^; contains 

 about 160 acres of improved land, which is com- 

 posed of a variety of soils, viz: an alluvial clay 

 loam on the flats, (about one-third of the whole,) 

 which are generally kept in meadow. The oth- 

 er portions are gravel loam and slate and gravel, 

 with the exception of some twenty acres, wiiich 

 are wet clay and gravel pastures, with a hard sub- 

 soil, bearing l!ie variety of grasses usual on wet 

 (lastures. The other pastures used, are jilough- 

 ed and cropped in their rotation, say two years 

 in every five, and are stocked with clover and 

 herdsgrass. Hay used, clover and herds, with a 

 slight mixture of red-top on low groiutds. 



My dairy is composed of 1(3 cows; 3 three 

 years old heifers, and 2 two years old. Cows 

 of native breed, one full blood short-horned hei- 

 fer, the others half bloods ; the full blood beiler 

 suckled her own calf and another, a half blood, 

 through the season. One of my best cows lost 

 her udder before the 1st of August, hy the kine- 

 pox, which disease very much injured the whole 

 dairy for about five weeks. 1 also parted «ilh 

 one co%v the last of September. 



Estimating the four heifers to be equal to three 

 cows, 1 had no more than nineteen cows through 

 the whole season. .\dd to this the hottest wea- 

 ther ever experienced fur the saijie length of lime, 

 and a severe drouth lor about five weeks, and I 

 believe I have enumerated all the disadvantages 

 under which 1 labored. 



The feed of the cows was hay, grass and 

 dry corn-stalks, with the exceplion'of 30 two- 

 horse wagon loads of pumpkins. The [>roduct 

 was as follows : 

 3,189 lbs. of butter, sold in the Boston 



market, at an average price of 19| 



cents per lb., which price perhaps is 



a fair criterion by which to judge of 



its quality, 

 20 calves sold and two raised. 

 Cream and milk used in a family often 



persons, at 15 cts. per day. 

 Skimmed milk and buttermilk fed to 



the hogs 215 days, at §1.30 per day, 



$(!21 84 

 91 50 



I'Vom TucUcr's Cultivator. 

 Dairy Management. 



In otn- August number of last year, we gave 

 some account of the dairy and tiuin of fllr. B. H. 

 ll.ill, of New Lebanon, Columbia counly, N. Y. 

 Mr. H. received the first premium of the New 

 York State Agricultural Society, last winter, ibr 

 the best butler dairy. Wq congratulate him ou 

 his success, and are confident it is deserved. — 

 There are but few farms and dairies in the coun- 

 try which are managed more economically and 

 profitably than IMr. Ilall'i^. He' commenced ope- 

 laiions uniler ciicumstaiices which woidil have 

 iliscom-aged many men, bill which have been 

 comphnely overcome by hi;^ ener!.'y and perse- 

 viiance. A gentleman who has long been well 

 acquainled with Mr. 11., observes, in relation to 

 his course of farming — "His has been a I'tnliirt 

 which few \nnagenllimun farmer of wealth would 

 have dared to undertake. I recollect well the 

 predictions of m:iliy, that 'hiring so much help' 

 would ruin him; hut what has been the result? 

 While ihey have jugged along in the old way, lit- 

 tle more than paying their expenses, he has, by 



81,047 5l» 

 The average quantity of milk from each cow 

 per day, for 215 days, 2G Ihs. Aggregate cpian- 

 tity foreach cow, 5,590 lbs. Quantity of butter 

 to the 100 lbs. of milk, 3 lbs. 3 oz. Gross quan- 

 tity of milk and bultor. 109,395 lbs. 



Method of making.— liooiti used, kejit as near 

 a temperature of tiO degrees as may be. 



Milk strained into a large can placed in the 

 milking yard, which adjoins the milk roon), in- 

 side of which it is drawn by means of a coi.dm-l- 

 or and faucet into the pans, usually about eight 

 quarts in each pan; it is drawn over ice placed 

 in the can whenever the lenipcrature requires, 

 consecpicntly the cream rises in much less time 

 than when cooled in the ordinary way. It ought 

 10 .stand 'iti hours before being skimmed, but this 

 time must be varied occasionally, as the weather 

 cliangej=. It should be skimmed when the milk 

 is slightly changed, and before it is coagulaleil. 

 The cream is put into stone jars and placrd in a 

 refrigerator in contact with ice, unlil it i.;s churn- 

 ed, which is done every second or third d;iy. 

 Cliurii used, a circular one witli revolving arms 

 or paddles, framed into a sliafi of t/'oof/ : cream 

 should never come in contact with iron. The 

 motive power is a platform wheel, turned by a 

 small horse. The butler is ealtm! with ground 



