568 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



[No. 9 



Vice Presidents and Directors for the several coun- 

 ties, was then gone into, and the result was as fol- 

 lows: 



FOR LEON COUKTY. 



Vice President. — Hector W. Braden. 

 Directors. — Augustus Alston and Ben. Chaires. 



FOR JEFFERSON COUNTY. 



Vice President. — Thomas Randa'l. 

 Directors. — Achille Murat and E. B. Vass. 



FOR GADSDEN COUNTY. 



Vice President.— Charles M. Du Pont. 

 Directors. — Joseph McBride and Henry Gee. 



FOR MADISON COUNTY - . 



Vice President.— J ames B. Mays. 

 Directors.— John McGehee and John Miller. 



FOR HAMILTON COUNTY. 



Vice President.— Appleton Rosseter. 



Directors.— James Bell and Joseph Law. 



On motion, it was Resolved, That, the secretary 

 be, and he is hereby requested to cause these pro- 

 ceedings to be published in the. Floridian. 



The'society then adjourned till the second Wed- 

 nesday in December next, to convene at the same 

 place at the hour of eleven o'clock. 



EDWARD CHANDLER. Sec'lJ. 



TVEW ARTIFICIAL 31 ANU R F.S — OFFAL OF SU- 

 GAR REFINERIES, AND ANIMALIZED CHAR- 

 COAL. 



Translated from the AnnaLt s tie I'.i. ricultwe Francaisc for the 

 Farmers' Ri 



[The two following articles, serve to give informa- 

 tion on discoveries which are deemed of much impor- 

 tance in France, but have scarcely been heard of even 

 by their neighbors in England, and still less in Ameri- 

 ca. We published an article (p. 120 vol. 3,) from a 

 British agricultural journal, which served to show a 

 remarkable degree of existing ignorance as to the na- 

 ture of these manures, while it also furnished evidence 

 of the high estimation in which they are held on the 

 continent. Though we had then met with fre- 

 quent references to these manures, in recent French 

 publications, there was nothing plain enough to be 

 at all satisfactory, until we obtained the earliei Nos. of 

 the Jlnnalcs, from two of which for 1S33, the following 

 pieces are drawn. 



The very rich manure furnished by the sugar works 

 must necessarily be in small quantity, though to that 

 limited extent, the substance is a matter of much va- 

 lue, and should be put to proper use. We know not 

 whether this product of the sugar works of this coun- 

 try has been used, or is wasted like most of the other 

 rich manures of our towns and factories. In France, 

 the demand soon directed the attention of chemists to 

 the fabrication of a substitute. The remains of the 

 sugar works, were principally blood and charcoal, 

 chemically combined. It occurred to Mr. Payen that 

 any other kind of charcoal combined with any other 

 animal matter, might furnish analogous substan- 

 ces, approaching in value t'' the remains of the 

 sugar works. Hence his investigations, and the re- 

 sults stated below. 



But the most valuable part of this fabrication of 

 manure, is the effect of the carbonaceous matter in 

 combining with putrefying and wasting substances, 

 stopping the escape of the offensive and injurious ef- 

 fects of the effluvia, and preserving all, for the future 

 fertilization of the earth. This is a great and impor- 

 tant discovery — and we should rejoice to see it applied 

 to use in this country, for the purposes of improving 

 the cleanliness and health of towns, as well as to fer- 

 tilize the surrounding farms. But it should be remem- 

 bered that effects very similar, if not equal, may be 

 much more cheaply obtained, by using mild calcareous 

 earth to combine with, and secure from waste and from 

 doing injury, all putrescent animal matters. Carbo- 

 nate of lime as certainly combines chemically with 

 decomposing animal substances, as it seems that char- 

 coal does. The two compounds are, of course, sub- 

 stances of very different kinds and properties — but 

 they agree in this, that the animal matter is equal- 

 ly well saved. The difference of value as manure, 

 willdapend on whether the charcoal in the one com- 

 pound, or the calcareous ingredient of the other, is 

 of most service.* We hope that some intelligent and 

 spirited "town farmers" will attend to both these ma- 

 nures, for agricultural profit and improvement — and 

 that even city councils may at some remote future time 

 be persuaded to use these means to convert the filth of 

 the cities to a true and important source of profit.] 



Offal remains of sugar refineries. 



The Journal d : Agriculture des Pays-Das (of 

 January 1831,) contains the detail of what expe- 

 rience has already made known upon the strength 

 of the manure obtained from sugar works. This 

 paper [the Gazette of Rural Economy, published 

 in Hesse,] had given information of' its use, in 

 1829. * * * * 



These remains, besides the coarse part, contain 

 a kind of mucilage, the blood used for clarification, 

 parts of sugar not, divided, and many other mat- 

 lers detached from the raw suger. It. is perhaps 

 the most powerful manure that is known. Its ef- 

 fect is so great, that it is very necessary to consult 

 the nature of the soil, and other circumstances, so 

 as not to apply too much, or too little. The quan- 

 tity varies from three to six hectolitres to the hec- 

 tare, [or nearly the same number of bushels to the 

 acre.] 



The most admirable effect of this manure is ob- 

 served in clayey, moist and cold land: it cannot 

 be used but with precaution, and in less quantity, 

 on dry and light soils. 



The remains of su^ar may be mingled with 

 other manure — for example, with rotten farm-yard 

 manure and mould, the mud of ponds, peat, &c. 

 To draw the greatest profit from this manure, it 

 ouoiit not always to be used alone, but alternately 

 with dung, especiallly with that of large cattle. 

 In this manner, a poor country may be carried to 

 a growing state of prosperity. 



Some heath lands had been too hastily con- 

 demned as not susceptible of culture; broken up 

 eight years ago, they have borne crops since with- 

 out respite. They have been manured four times, 



*S>e E?say on Calcareous Manures, 2nd Ed. ch. xix, and 

 Note N. of Appendix. 



