THE 'GENESEE FARMER. 



23 



No, 4, One huntlrcd cars of prolific red wheat trans- 

 p.:uit,(xl on one foot squaro, or littlo more than three 

 jiints iK>r tu:re, ratlicr blighted, as otlier people's. Es- 

 timated in-oduce, 4S bushels jx'r acre. 



No. 5, Two ears of skinless barley. 



No. 6. One plant of barley, sown one-fourth peck 

 per acre, spoiled with the application of strong liquid 

 manure, which caused it to be blighted. 



No. 7. One plant of (Tartarian) oats, one-half bushel 

 of seed per acre. There are two grains in every husk, 

 twin- like. 



No. 8. By way of contrast, we have inspected in the 

 same manner, 10 ears of old Norfolk red wheat, grown 

 ft Glandford, which contain 511 grains, weighing one 

 and one-twelfth ounces, averaging 51 grains each ear. 

 The crop is estimated at 48 bushels per acre. Quality 

 very good. All the specimens are of this year's growth. 



Mark Lam Express. 



KEEP AN ACCOUNT WITH YOUR FAEM.' 



£tkry evening for the past seven months I have 

 * posted up " a record of the labors of the day, as 

 each crop was sowa or planted, I have transferred to 

 each its appropriate items, (giving my best estimate 

 of tiieir money value,) and as the season Las advanced, 

 have "closed tlie account" with several crops, and 

 brought them so that I can "see through it" with 

 most others, and I think I find it a very convenient 

 as well as economical course of procedure. In any 

 other business it would be a waste of words to argue 

 the case, for none go into operations of even trifling 

 extent, without keeping an account of outgo and in- 

 come. Why should not the farmer do so ? There 

 is no good reason; and the amount of time and 

 thought it requires can well be spared from more ac- 

 tive labors. 



No particular system of accounts would suit all 

 cases — mine only suits myself, and I see constant 

 chimces for systematizing and improving it. So, with- 

 out going into details, let me say, every farmer should 

 keep an account witk his farm — should be able at the 

 close of the season to "strike the balance," showing, 

 not by guess work, but in dollars and cents, pounds 

 a.nd bushels, the profit and loss for the business of the 

 year. They cannot tell how they stand with the 

 world; how each plan has resulted, how each crop 

 jiiid animal has repaid the outlay, vi-ithout so doing, 

 with any accuracy or detail 'I'hey may be losing 

 money oa that to which their chief attention is turned, 

 and making a good proCt on another product which 

 they consider of little consequence. An account of 

 capital iuvested, tbs expenses of growth and culture, 

 and tlie receipts or return from the products, would 

 at once decide the true policy of the farmer — his 

 profits i.nd losses, and from whence they flow 



Bat it is not my intention to bo tedious with ray 

 " preachmenL" My accounts show me, among other 

 things, that it has cost me more to raise a bushel of 

 oats, this year, than to grow one of barley, and that 

 corn will not pay at less than twenty-five cents a 

 busLel, or $1S}6 per hundred for pork. The year is 

 not up with mj- stock — there is a winter expense yet 

 to be borne; I am hoping it will be well repaid by 

 iheir increase in value. The item of Implements is 

 not a small one, though I have no reaper or seed-drill 

 as yeL Taking it all in all, I am bound to know as 

 near as possible, what becomes of the little capital I 

 lave invested in farming, and what plans are successes 

 and v^hat failures, and to make the most of the knowl- 

 edge I bry in one wa^^ and another. 



Brother farmers, keep an account with your farms, 

 and my word for it, the figures will furnish you many 

 a lesson of value — will give you many a hint by 

 which you can make or save in other years. They 

 will serve as sharp reminders of the folly of attempt- 

 ing too much, or of leaving the finishing touch un- 

 lione, and will show you where you had the comfort- 

 able satisfaction of pocketing the dollars as the re- 

 sult of your well ordered labors. 



B. F. 



THE "JUSTIN MORGAN" HOBSE. 



In the Genesee Farmer for May 1856, we pub- 

 lished a condensed history of the " Justin Morgan " 

 horse, from which the stock of this justly celebrated 

 breed of Morgan horses originated. It was extracted 

 from a lecture of Sandford Howarh, Esq., editor of 

 the Boston Cultivator, to whom the country is in- 

 debted for sifting out and publishing the true history 

 of this remarkable horse. 



The following description of the " Justin Morgan," 

 (so named after his owner, Mr. Justin Morgan, of 

 Kandolph, Vt,) we condense from Lindsley's new 

 work on Morgan Horses, published by C. M. Saxton 

 & Co., of New York: 



" The original, or ' Justin Morgan,' was about four- 

 teen hands high, and weighed about nine hundred 

 and fifty pounds. His color was dark bay, with black 

 legs, mane and taiL He had no white hairs on hira. 

 His mane and tail were coarse and heavy, but not so 

 massive as has been sometimes described; the hair of 

 both was straight, and not inclined to curl. His head 

 was good, not extremely small, but lean and bony, the 

 face straight, forehead broad, ears small and very fine, 

 but set rather wide apart. His eyes were medium 

 size very dark and prominent, with a spirited but 

 pleasant expression, and showed no white round the 

 edge of the lid. His nostrils were very large, the. 

 muzzle small, and the lips close and firm. His back 

 and legs were perhaps, his most noticeable points. 

 The former was very short; the shoulder-blades and 

 hip bones being very long and oblique, and the loins 

 exceedingly broad and muscular. Hi3 body waa 

 rather long, round and deep, close ribbed up; chest 

 deep and wide, with the breast-bone projecting 

 a good deal in front. His legs were short, close 

 jointed, thin, but very wide, hard and free from meat, 

 with muscles that were remarkably large for a horse 

 of his size, and this superabundance of muscle ex- 

 hibited itself at every step. His hair was short, and 

 at almost all seasons soft and glossy. He had a little 

 long hair about the fetlocks, and for two or three 

 inches above the fetlock on the back side of the legs; 

 the rest of the limbs were entirely free from it. His 

 feet were small but well shaped, and he was in every 

 respect perfectly sound and free from any sort of 

 blemish. He was a very fast walker. In trotting 

 his gait was low and smooth, and his step short and 

 nervous; he was not what in these days would be 

 called fast,, and wo think it doubtful if he could trot 

 a mile much, if any, within four minutes, though it is 

 claimed by many that he could trot it in three. 



Although he raised his feet but little, he never 

 stumbled. His proud, bold and fearless style of 

 movement, and his vigorous, untiring action, have, 

 perhaps never been surpassed. When a rider was on 

 him he was obedient to the slightest motion of the 

 reia, would walk backwards rapidly under a gentle 



