146 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



in the end so as to make teeth, through which I draw 

 the corn until it is cleaned of its seed. 



List year I raised two acres of broom corn, but 

 this year I intend to plant about five acres. 



Lockport, JY. Y. J. B. Clement. 



ON THE MANAGEMENT OF MUCH COWS. 



Some difference of opinion prevails among dairy- 

 men as to the best method of managing milch cows. 

 In this article I shall simply give my views, which 

 are the result of some fifteen years' experience and 

 observation. First, then, I prefer what is termed 

 the native cows to those imported, as being more 

 hardy, easier kept, and producing more milk, butter 

 and cheese, with the same amount of feed and care. 



To make cows profitable for butter and cheese 

 making, they should come in about the first of March, 

 and be furnished with good warm stables, plenty of 

 pure water, all the salt they will eat at least once a 

 week, plenty of good hay twice or three times a 

 day, and half a bushel of yellow carrots, each, once a 

 d-Av, until there is abundance of good feed in the 

 pastures. Some feed corn meal, but carrots are de- 

 cidedly preferable. The meal will increase the flesh, 

 and is preferable to any other feed for fattening pur- 

 poses; but carrots will produce more milk and better 

 butter than any other feed, and at one-half the ex- 

 panse of feeding meal. Every dairyman should raise 

 carrots enough to feed his cows from the time they 

 come in, in the spring, until they are turned out to 

 pasture. 



Cows should be milked at six o'clock in the morn- 

 ing and at six o'clock in the evening, thus dividing 

 the time equally. The milk should be drawn as 

 quickly as possible by the milkers, and every cow 

 stripped perfectly clean, as the last gill contains more 

 butter than the four first; and if any milk is left in 

 the udder, its effect will be to dry up the cow. Cows 

 that come in the first of March, should be dried up 

 about the first of December, and fed all the good 

 bay they will eat through the winter. 



Good native cows treated as above indicated will 

 pay well until they are from fifteen to eighteen years 

 ol(], when they should be well fattened on corn meal, 

 and they will sell for as much as they cost when five 

 or six years old, which is the best age for dairymen 

 to buy. H. H. Taylor. 



Hast Rodman, Jefferson Co., JV. Y. 



ON THE MANAGEMENT OF YOUNG STOCK AND 

 WOIiK'NG OXEN. 



In the first place the calf should be kept growing, 

 and never suffered to get poor and stunted in its 

 growth. If the calf is permilted to suck the eow, it 

 will no doubt do well enough; but as the milk is 

 generally wanted for butter, a cheaper way should 

 be pointed out — which can be done by taking the 

 calf from the cow — the sooner the better — and learn 

 ing it to drink new milk. After it is accustomed to 

 drinking, its feed can be gradually changed to skim- 

 med milk, warmed to the proper temperature, with 

 the addition of a little buckwheat flour or Indian 

 meal, with a little salt occasionally. 



Should the calf get the scours, a feed or two of new 

 milk will generally cure. When the calf is two weeks 

 old, if in winter or early spring, give a litthi hay as it 

 will by that time begin to eat. As saon as the grass 



is sufficiently grown, let it have the run of the calf 

 pasture, and change its feed gradually to sour milfc. 

 In about three or four months wean it from milk, but 

 continue to feed meal, and under no circumstances, 

 let it fail away and get poor, but keep it continually 

 growing. 



The first winter the calf should have all the hay it 

 will eat, together with oats, bran or meal, or little of 

 each mixed together, and a few carrots or other roots 

 once a day, will well pay for the trouble; and your 

 calves will come out in the spring as ?lick and spry 

 as race horses; and by the next fall, will be as lar^ 

 as two-year olds generally are. 



The second winter they can have the run of tBe 

 yaid and coarser feed; but at this period a little meal 

 with roots, once a day, will pay better than money at 

 interest. 



A young, and growing animal of any kind, in tliQ 

 winter season, needs a greater variety of food, and of 

 a more nourishing character than the one of mattire 

 age. While the animal that has its growth, onfy 

 needs food enough to keep up the natural wear of the 

 system; the young one needs food sufficient, and of 

 that character, as will furnish an increase of bone and 

 muscle, in addition to the natural wear of the systems, 

 And here I would speak of the advantages of good 

 warm sheds and stables for all kinds of stock. 'I'he 

 food answers the same purpose for the animal, that 

 the wood does for the stove; the warmer the rooio, 

 the less wood will be required for the stove; the 

 warmer the stable, the less food will be required to 

 keep up the animal heat; and if a young animal, the 

 greater will be the baiance, to give a supply of 

 bone and muscle to increase its growth. 



AVoRKiNG Oxen should be stabled nights in t6« 

 winter, especially towards spring, before the working 

 season commences. If they are not worked much in 

 the winter, they will not need grain until about the 

 first of March, when they should be stabled and fed 

 grain, or meal, but by no means feed corn, as it is too 

 heating and produces fat, when muscle is what is 

 wanted. They should be kept up either in the stable 

 or yard, until the spring's work is all finished; and 

 should not be turned out to grass while it is young 

 and tender. If you want them to stand the heat, keep 

 them up and feed them oats, as you do your horses; 

 or perhaps a better way would be, to cut hay, wet it 

 and sprinkle on oatmeal, and you will not only be as- 

 tonished at seeing them plow, "bout for bout" with 

 your horses, but they will also hold their tongues, and 

 keep them in their mouths, where Ihey should be. 



JVewfane, JV. Y. C. C. Wilson. 



ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BEES. 



I SUPPOSE that you wish as many to write on the 

 subjects mentioned in your list as will, so I will write 

 you a few lines on the honey bee. 



The Construction of Proper Hives. — I make my 

 hives of common inch boards, two about fourteen 

 inches wide, and two sixteen inches. This makes the 

 hive just square. I make them twenty-two inches 

 high with a partition eight inches from the top.-*- 

 This gives plenty of room for the bees, and also fo? 

 good sized boxes. I make a notch in the front board 

 at the bottom one-third of an inche deep and three 

 inches long. Then four inches above this I make om 

 half inch hole, and another in the back side close up 

 to the partition. These are for the free circulatiaa 



