THE GENESSK FABMER. 



2W 



wa« psid, 83 Mr. V. himself informs us, suct^-ltco dollara 

 and ^fi/'y rents. 



y\e could name mony other parties who have paid the 

 Ruiitl man large sums for the insertion of cuts and de- 

 Bcfiptions of patent machines in his editorial columns, but 

 the above will suffice to show that it was "a foolish fib" 

 in the Rural to deny having been " cTor paid a farthing " 

 for the insertion of cuts and articles in its editorial columns. 



AVe sincerely hope that we shall not be under the neces- 



Bity of ajjain calling our readers' attention to this subject. 



If the Jiural man will not take our cuts, we will let him 



have tliem for nothing. We desire to lire at peace witli 



him, and with all men, and will, for the future, neither allude 



to his practices nor pretensions. Indeed, we should not 



hare made the aboTO expose, had he not accused us of 



falsehood. 



*•« 



Working Ltyv ii» the Fall. — A "Practical Farm- 

 er," in the Mark Lane Express, gives, among others, 

 the followins: novel reason for working land in the an- 

 tucan. Speaking of the preparation of falloTvs for the 

 turnip crop, he says : " The first process should commence 

 in the autumn, as early as possible after the remoTal of 

 the crop, and should consist in breaking up the soil at a 

 slight depth, just sufficiently deep as to procure a mould 

 on working it, to cause the vegetation of all the seeds of 

 weeds, and insure the uprooting of all the roots, both of 

 ■weeds and crop, growing near the surface. The subse- 

 quent scarifying and harrowings should suffice to reduce 

 the whole to a fine tilth, and to shake out and bring to the 

 ■urface all the rubbish, which should immediately be col- 

 lected, either to be burnt, or carried into the fold-yard for 

 conversion into manure. The advantage gained by this 

 autumn process In culture, is the destruction of the seeds 

 of annuals and other weeds common to the soil, the re- 

 moval of all the refuse of the last crop, so that the land is 

 cleaned from surface weeds, that no obstruction occurs in 

 the future management ; to which must be added the very 

 Taluable aeration of the soil which takes place from this 

 repeated working at this precise season of the year, when 

 the atmosphere is more fully charged with the effluvia 

 arising from so much decayed and decaying vegetation 

 arising from the ripening and decay of all the straw crops, 

 the stubbles, the falling leaves, the ditch roadings, the nu- 

 merous grasses and the like, at this season ; which efflu- 

 Tia, it may reasonably be supposed, are deposited in the 

 Boil thus prepared, and there retained for future serrice ; 

 but if this process is neglected, and the soil remains un- 

 broken, the morning's sun spee-dily dissipates the nightly 

 deposits, and no benefit is derived." 



"Wax. — On the exterior parts of many plants •wo find 

 several kinds of wax. It constitutes the purple bloom of 

 grapes and plums. It may be abundantly procured from 

 the skin of apples. Straw contains a chrystallisable kind 

 of wax ; and a crystalline wax may be abundantly col- 

 lected from the surface of the sugar cane. But it is no- 

 ticed that cane which contains most wax contains least 

 iugar, and vice versa. This would indicate that wax is 

 formed from sugar, or sugar from wax. 



Thb vine crop of Europe promises to be unusually 

 abondsmt this year. 



American IIokse Towers in England. — The Ameri- 

 can Endless chain Ilorso Power has at length been intro- 

 duced into England, and is attracting much attention. 

 The last number of the Agricultural Gazette (June '27th) 

 contains a cut of one ; alid Mr. CuiiiwiCK, in his lecture 

 on " Small and Neglected Mechanical Powers," delivered 

 before the Royal Agricultural Society, speaks of them in 

 the highest terms. " Our brethren in America," he says, 

 " have struggled with difficulties of scarce and dear la- 

 bor, and high-priced money. My friend, Mr. Whitwobth, 

 our Commissioner appointed to examine machinery at the 

 Great Exposition in New York, has expressed his general 

 admiration of the cheapness, simplicity and efficiency of 

 the mechanical contrivances with which they have met 

 these difficulties. To one of these contrivances, a horse 

 power machine, he has 'directed my attention, and it cer- 

 taii.ly appears to me to be commended as of extensive 

 application. The machine consists of a moveable in- 

 clined platform for one or two horses, on which the farmer 

 may put his horses, and get a direct action to work any 

 machinery for one, two or three hours. It has the advan- 

 tage over the gin, as being cheaper of construction, and in 

 being more compact, and in requiring less space ; in being 

 easily removed from place to place ; in having, for the 

 time of its work, greater power than any other in bring- 

 ing to bear the weight of the horse in combination witk 

 its direct action." 



Mr. C. also alludes to our " dog powers," and says, in 

 America, " where the lowest farm helps cost a dollar a 

 day — and I could wish that, for the sake of extension of 

 machinery into agriculture, as well as the working classes, 

 it cost almost as much here — they will not allow the dogs 

 to eat the meat of idleness. They consequently set Caesar 

 or Pompey, the house dog, to churn or to washing. * * 

 Mr. Whitwobth was informed that, after these dog 

 powers were introduced, the Yankee dogs, not relishing 

 the work, disappeared early on the churning days, and 

 were shouted for but made no manner of response, and 

 only re-appeared after some biped or other had been 

 obliged to perform the labor." 



We have for several years urged some of our manufac- 

 turers to make powers on this principle for the English 

 market, to be worked by donkies 1 " Neddy " can work, 

 but does not relish it ; and if he was placed on one of 

 these machines, he would be as unable to shirk as felons 

 on the old-fashioned English tread-mills. Donkies can be 

 bought in England for $5 a piece, and are as plentiful as 

 blackberries. By means of these machines, they might be 

 made useful in pumping water for irrigating purposes, 

 cutting bay and straw, grinding grain, &c. 



The Rubal Annual for 1857. — Our esteemed corres- 

 pondent, W. Livingston, Esq., of Laurenceburg, Pa., 

 writes ; " Have received the Rural Annual for 1857. I am 

 exceedingly pleased with it. It far surpasses my expecta- 

 tions. 1 first had an idea that it was about the same aa 

 the one for 186G, and hence, as I had that, it would not bo 

 of any benefit to me. But I find it entirely different, and 

 superior to the one for '56. Indeed, I consider the Rural 

 Annval for '57 as good — containing as much information — 

 as ' Pardee on the Grape,' the price of which is GO cents. 

 Eyery cultivator of a foot of land should have it." 



