THE GENESEE FAKMER. 



»3» 



THE ORTLEY APPLE. 



the North; South it becomes a rich yellow, with 

 specks of dark red, and a vermillion tiuge surround- 

 ing when exposed to sun; stem, varj-in^ from short 

 and stout to long and slender; cavity, deep, narrow; 

 catyx, small, closed; basin, furrowed or plaited from 

 the surrounding angles or ribs that are often appa- 

 rent in the fruit; flesh, yellowish white, tender, crigp. 

 sprightly, mild acid; core, large, open; seeds, abun- 

 dant, loose in the capsules. Season, January to 

 Apfil." 



HORTICTJLTUEAL OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER. 



Cauliflowers. — From the cauliflower and cab 

 bage seed, sown in September, will, by the first of 

 October, be produced some nice plaiitii, for early 

 spring use. About the fiist week of the month se- 

 lect a nice sheltered and dry piece of ground, some 

 elevated border on the south side of a board fence or 

 wall, is the best situation, with some protection at a 

 short distance on the southwest, as a hedge or build- 

 ings, that will break off the souihwept winds in the 

 winter — and yet fully exposed to the sun. M ark out 

 the bed six feet wide and twenty or thirty feet long. 

 according to the number of plants wanted. A bed 

 thirty feet long will hold about a hundred. Spread 

 over the surface four to six inches of good rotten 

 manure, and spade it in eighteen inches deep. Now 

 drive down some stakes at the corners, (pieces of 2x4 

 setuitling are as good as anything,) leaving those in 

 front one foot out of the ground, and those at back 

 eighteen inches. This gives a fall to the water on 

 the glass of six inches in six feet. Set more stakes 

 along the sides, if necessary, according to the length 

 dt' the boards. Now nail on old boards or thick 

 plank, making it as tight as possible, to exclude cold 

 wiii4, &Q(1 frost, and mice. Now throw tip a bank 



of earth eighteen inches thick, and to the top of the 

 boards all round; make the bank solid, and pat it 

 smooth, to throw off the rain. This frame is to be 

 covered with close boards, or shutters, or vhat is 

 still better, glass sashes. In a week or ten d y-. as 

 soon as the bed has settled, it will be lime lo plant 

 Take up the best plants carefully, with a ba)i of 

 earth, and without breaking their roots, if possible, 

 and plant in the new bed, eighteen inches apart each 

 way, up to their leaves, first breaking off any decayed 

 leaves that may be on them; press the earth firmly 

 to their roots with the hands, and give a good wa- 

 tering if diy weather, and shade a little at first if 

 necessary. Between the rows may be planted some 

 hardy kind of lettuce, as Green ITammeri^mith or 

 Brown Dutch, kc. Those of the tewier varieties 

 are apt to damp. They will come into uf-e during 

 the winter and spring, before the cauliflowers spread 

 much. Cover up in rainy and stormy days and cold 

 nights, but give air on all mild and favorable oppor- 

 tunities. As soon as the weather begins to m t in 

 severely, the whole frame must be covered over 

 eighteen or twenty inches thick with littery straw, 

 and kept on night and day in very severe weather. 

 In bright and mild days the covering must be takt^a 

 off, and air given, so as to beep them hardy an<i pre- 

 vent their spindling up and damping off All de- 

 cayed leaves must be picked off, and mice destroyed, 

 should any appear. 'J'hese will come in fi:»r use in 

 the spring and early summer, and may be the finest 

 of the season. In spring, in mild weather, the cov- 

 ering must be taken wholly off, and put on in cold 

 nights. Some Early York cabbage may be man- 

 aged in the same way, only planted one font apapt 

 each way. Some young plants may also bo kt^pt in 

 this way for planting out in the open ground, for the 

 second early summer's crop. Tbey must be kept drj 



