THE GENESEE FARMER. 



349 



the caues, which branch more, and are smoother and 

 of a brighter color. The size and appearance of the 

 fruit is very similar, but the Hudson lliver Antwerp 

 is the most profitable market berry. 



Fastolff. — A very vigorous and productive va- 

 riety, of large size and tine liavor. Color, bright 

 purplish red. Originated at FastolIF Castle, near 

 X armouth, England. 



HORTICULTURAL OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER. 



Trenching. — Let all cleared and vacant ground be 

 trenched up into ridges, more especially that wanted 

 for early spring planting and sowings. Let a good 

 coating of rotten manure be wheeled on to the ground 

 and spread evenlj'. Now stretch a line the length of 

 the piece to be trenched, mark it out with the spade 

 up to the line; now shift the line thirty inches from 

 the mark made by the spade, stretch it tight and 

 make another similar to the first. This leaves a 

 trench marked out thirty inches wide and the whole, 

 length of the piece to be trenched. Now commence 

 at one end, place yourself in the middle between the 

 two lines. Take the first spadeful in the middle of 

 the trench and turn it over as in common digging; 

 take the next spadeful from the righthand- side of the 

 trench and bring it towards the left, turning it up- 

 side down and leaving it upon the side of the first 

 spadeful. Now take the next spadeful from the left 

 side of the trench and turn it in towards the right, 

 leaving it upon the left handside and ^top of the mid- 

 dle spadeful. Proceed on so all down the trench; 

 turning the middle spit over in the middle of the 

 trench, then take one from the righthand, bring it to- 

 wards the left and turning up in the middle, then one 

 from the left and bringing it towards the right and 

 turning up in the middle as before. This leaves the 

 ground in ridges, something like celery banks, thirty 

 inches wide at base and about eighteen inches high 

 in middle and the soil quite rough — the rougher 

 it is the more surface there will be exposed to the 

 action of the frost in winter which will pulverise and 

 eiirich the soil amazingly. 



WiNTF,RiNG TUE Raspberey CANES. — Pruue out all 

 the small canes, leaving three or four, or where the 

 hills are very strong even five canes to a hill. Cut 

 them back to the height of three or four feet. The 

 smallest may be left two feet six inches, the middle 

 size three and the strongest four feet in length. 

 Now, if a little earth be thrown into a httle bank be- 

 tween two hills of canes, they may be bent down over 

 this little bank without breaking them. Bring the 

 ends of the canes of two hills together, and hold them 

 with one hand while yon drive two short pegs across 

 the canes in the form of a fork to hold them down. 

 When all are pegged down, throw some earth over 

 them, with the spade so as just to cover them, this 

 will be sufficient protection. Or tie them close up 

 to the stakes and cover them with straight rye straw. 



Strawbeiiries. — The strawberry beds should now 

 be neatly trimmed, the dead leaves and runners cut 

 off and a little rotten manure forked in, where not 

 done before. Just before severe weather is expec- 

 ted the beds should be covered all over with littery ma- 

 nure or taa-'bark, saw-dust, &.C., as a winter protection. 



Cabbages. — Where there is not cellar room 

 enough, cabbages may, sometimes, be wintered very 

 well by digging a trench one foot wide and one foot 

 deep, and stripping the large leaves off the cabbage 



put the head down into the trench, leaving its roots 

 sticking out, fill the trench full of cabbages in single 

 rows, then put on a little clean straw and cover with 

 earth. Ii is not to be recommended when they can 

 be stowed away in a cellar or shed where it will not 

 freeze much. 



Cauliflower and Brocoli. — Late cauliflower and 

 brocoli will head up very fairly in the cellar during 

 the winter. J ust before severe frost begins pull the 

 plants and break off all the large loose leaves and 

 carry the plants into the cellar. Set them upright 

 close to the wall and as close as they will stand to 

 each other without crowding, then cover their roots 

 two or three inches thick with moist earth. They 

 will head up here almost as finely as though growing 

 out of doors. 



Asparagus. — The beds of asparagus will need 

 some protection. Wheel on a covering of rotten 

 manure and lightly fork it in without injury to their 

 crown; then cover the whole bed with littery manure 

 or leaves, six to nine inches thick. 



Rhubarb. — The rhubarb roots will need some lit- 

 tle protection as recommended for asparagus, they 

 will start the earlier and stronger in spring. 



Spinach, — The beds of wmter spinach will need 

 the dead and decayed leaves picking off and the 

 whole bed covering with littery manure three or four 

 inches thick. 



Celery. — Just before severe frost is expected the 

 celery will want its final earthing up. Dig up a suf- 

 ficient quantity of heads to last a month or so: strip 

 off all the loose leaves and trim the roots a little, 

 then tie a piece of basswood bark or string round 

 each stick to keep its leaves from breaking and set 

 them upright in a box in the cellar as close as they 

 will stand and then fill in between them with fine 

 earth. This will keep them quite fresh all winter. 

 That which is left out in the trenches must be banked 

 up, in banks, at least three feet thick and nearly as 

 high as the top of the plants. Then cover their tops 

 over with a good covering 'of clean straw and lay 

 boards upon this to keep it dry and from blowing off. 

 When the first supply is used, from the cellar, or a 

 thaw come s in winter, then get in a fresh supply as 

 recommended first. 



IN MY "NEW GAIlDEN."-No. 4. 



Well as I love it, " My New Garden" has been 

 rather neglected of late, save only to gather the fruits 

 thereof. These I must tell you about, and then, per- 

 haps, lay over the pen until another season. 



Melons. — Of the " water, musk and other millions," 

 as Knickerbocker Clark calls ihem, no mention has 

 been made. AYhen the cherry trees bloomed, the 

 2.5th of May, I thought it time to plant melons and 

 cucumbers, and it was now too early for cither crop. 

 Both grew well — were but little troubled by bugs 

 and worms — and produced fairly. The melon seed 

 was some saved from the best melons raised last year 

 — some Orange Watermelons; some red-fleshed, some 

 white, a few apple-seed, — all grown together, and of 

 course mixed. I would like to get pure seed of two 

 or three good kinds to plant next year, and to keep 

 them separate hereafter. The best melons were pro- 

 nounced by the friends who enjoyed them with me, 

 "the best they ever ate," but I want to do better 

 next year. Some of the Muskmelons were very fine 

 — others were worthless. 



