316 



JiEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



in use here, are a very cheap and correct rain- 

 gaage, by which we find that 3 4G-100 inches of rain 

 have fallen during the last ten days— India rubber 

 springs under the farm wagon— iron troughs for 

 the hogs — a draining machine for pressing surface 

 water furrows in newly seeded land— frame harness 

 for oxen — a bull made to work in the shafts of the 

 cart like a horse, also a railway horse power for 

 cutting fodder, &c. &c. 



When I have had time to become competent to 

 judge of the merits, I will give a more minute de- 

 scription of each. 



On the morning of the 7th inst., the ground was 

 covered with snow, when we sowed the land de- 

 signed for corn, and that in Lucerne, used for 

 scaling, with Peruvian guano compost, 350 lbs. of 

 the pure guano per acre, sown on the snow ; the 

 object of which was that we might see when we 

 sowed it scantily, and that we could, by seeing the 

 substance sown after it fell to the ground, more 

 readily discern our defects in sowing. This I 

 thought a capital idea. The compost was 1 bush- 

 el guano, 2 do. fine charcoal and 1-8 do. gypsum. 

 The coal is damp, and when mixed with the guano, 

 makes it free from dust, and much more pleasant 

 to sow. 



Hoping that you will pardon me for troubling 

 you with so much and yet so little, I am, sir, 

 Very respectfully yours, 



G. Tillingiiast Hammond. 



Mount Airy Agricultural Institute. 



Germantown, Pa., April 12th, 1852. 



Remarks. — We shall be glad to hear from our 

 friend again. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 DEEP PLANTING OF TREES. 



BY MARSHALL P. AVILDER. 



Mr. Editor: — I cheerfully respond to the re- 

 quest of your correspondent, H. F. H., in relation 

 to deep planting. I concur fullj in his maxim, 

 "better too shallow, than too deep," and also agree 

 with him that more young trees are killed from 

 too deep planting than from any other cause. 



With the quince, the willow, and all trees, how- 

 ever, which root readily from cuttings or layers, 

 the dangerous results of deep planting are obviated 

 from the fact that these emit roots, however deep- 

 ly planted, nearly up to the surface of the soil, 

 where their food is assimilated to their wants by 

 light, heat and atmospheric influences. 



Pear trees, therefore, which are grafted on the 

 quince, and are planted " deep enough to bury the 

 quince stock entirely below the surface of the ground, ' ' 

 will not be considered as deeply planted, when it 

 is remembered that, under good cultivation, the 

 quince will furnish itself with new roots up to its 

 juncti >n with the pear. 



In the discussion to which your correspondent 

 alludes, I could not of course enter into all the de- 

 tails of cultivation, without transcending the limits 

 allowed to any one speaker. I however took it for 

 granted, that a common sense view of the subject 

 would lead the practical man to the conclusion, 

 that the pear should be grafted as near the quince 

 r >ot as possible ; and we would by no means re- 

 <• Minuend the selection of trees which are worked 

 'six or eight inches" above the quince root. When 

 it has been our misfortune to receive from Europe 



dwarf trees grafted thus high, we have uniformly 

 planted the whole quince stock under ground. — 

 But to counteract the deleterious effects of too 

 deep planting, we have transplanted the trees, af- 

 ter an upper course of roots had been formed, at 

 the same time removing the long shank with the 

 lower and now inactive roots. 



The principal advantages of the system we have 

 adopted are, that the quince stock, which is natu- 

 rally hard and rigid, becomes moist and emollient 

 when covered entirely in the soil, thus allowing it 

 to swell up evenly and progress symmetrically with 

 the pear stock. In this way it is also protected 

 from the depreciations of the borer, and when the 

 variety is well adapted, the pear stock frequently 

 sends forth roots, thus securing the double advan- 

 tage of early bearing and increased health and vi- 

 gor in after years. 



Yours, &c, m. p. w. 



Dorchester, May 24, 1852. 



THE SMALL POX. 



Friend Robinson ! allow us to congratulate you 

 upon your escape from the clutches of this "ugly 

 customer." Shakspeare said truly, "there's good 

 in every thing" — if you had not been smitten, you 

 had not given us the valuable recipe below, nor 

 should we have had the benefit of "Capt. John- 

 son's' 1 '' experience, or the philosophy of "getting 

 round the corners." Now that "Richard's him- 

 self again," may he have prosperous gales, a good 

 appetite and easy digestion. 



Get from the apothecary, a little vial of stuff 

 called "liquid cuticle," and as soon as the pustules 

 are fully formed, apply a little of the liquid with 

 a little brush or feather, to each one. As fast as 

 they get ripe, remove the scab and wipe away the 

 matter clean and apply the liquid again. It" any 

 of them fill a second time, you must remove the 

 covering and repeat the process. It will smart like 

 fun for a moment, but my word for it, when you 

 recover, you shall not find a mark upon that pret- 

 ty face of yours to prove you ever had the disease. 



I am told the article is made of gun cotton, dis- 

 solved in chloroform. It forms an artificial skin 

 over a wound, just as good as the real one. It is 

 a valuable remedy, and I expect the ladies' depart- 

 ment of the Plow will become immensely popular 

 for making it public. I think the manufacturers of 

 the article ought to send the editor a sufficient sup- 

 ply to give every lady subscriber a bottle, for this 

 gratuitous puff. 



Be Vaccinated. — If you have been, be so again, 

 for it will protect you for a long time, but must be 

 renewed. It protected me for forty-eight years, 

 and as ladies never reach that age, they will be 

 safe if vaccinated. — Plow. 



Caterpillars. — These creeping gentry were 

 made for some good purpose, undoubtedly; but 

 outrage all our notions of propriety by feeding up- 

 on and denuding our fruit trees. This is the sea- 

 son for them to appear, and we recommend to eve- 

 ry person who objects to their proceedings to be 

 after them early in the morning with brush and 

 pole, fingers and feet, or in any other way which 

 shall effectually put a stop to their depredations. 



