NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



571 



The superior benefits, Capt. John Underbill sup- 

 posed himself to have derived from what he is 

 pleased to call "The good creature tobacco," is 

 amusing — Mistress Wilbore was dealt with, for 

 coming to a lecture in Boston, where Master Shep- 

 herd expounded, and wearing a pair of gloves slit 

 at the thumbs and fingers, for the purpose of tak- 

 ing snuff, as was supposed. Master Cotton ob- 

 served, for what purpose, should those vain open- 

 ings be, but for the intent of taking snuff? And 

 he began to quote Gregory Naziazen upon good 

 works. 



The culture of tobacco by the planters early en- 

 gaged their attention, and notwithstanding its pro- 

 hibition by the London Company, many were anx- 

 ious to cultivate it, at Nahumkeag. Gov. Endi- 

 cott and some of his company opposed its cultiva- 

 tion, on the ground of its being highly injurious 

 to the health and morals of the planters. This de- 

 cision is the more remarkable, when we consider 

 the great and marvelous properties it was sup- 

 posed at that time to possess. Josselyn, in his 

 "Account of Two Voyages to New-England,'* 

 when speaking of the tobacco, says, "Its virtues 

 are these, it helps digestion, the Gout, the Tooth- 

 Acb, prevents infection by scents, it heats the 

 cold, and cools them that sweats, feedeth the hun- 

 gm/, spent spirits restoreth, purgeth the stom- 

 ach, killeth nits and lice, healeth green wounds, 

 the Syrup is good for many diseases, the Smoak 

 for Phthisic, and all diseases of a cold and moist 

 cause, good for all bodies cold and moist, taken 

 upon an eintie stomach." Considerable attention 

 has been paid to the cultivation of tobacco, of late 

 years, in Massachusetts. The variety produced 

 is called the Connecticut seedleaf. The quantity 

 raised on the acre is larger than -it is in the tobac- 

 co growing States, and it usually brings double the 

 price of that grown in Virginia or Kentucky. The 

 yield is from fifteen hundred to two thousand 

 pounds per acre, at an average price of eight cents 

 per pound. The crop, it is said, does not injure 

 the soil, and it is found that wheat and other 

 grain and grass flourish better, where tobacco forms 

 a part of the rotation, than where it does not. — 

 An instance is mentioned, where thirty-six dol- 

 lars' worth of manure was put upon an acre and 

 one hundred rods of land, which was planted with 

 tobacco. This raised a ton of tobacco, worth one 

 hundred and sixty dollars. The land was then 

 sowed to wheat, and reaped thirty bushels. 



The next crop was hay, which gave at two cut- 

 tings four tons. The reader must, we think, have 

 perceived of late, that our bold upon Gov. Endi- 

 cott as an Horticulturist has been rather slight. 

 And we are hereby admonished to close this com- 

 munication, before we are again tempted to wan- 

 der back to those interesting scenes and events 

 that are recorded on the early pages of our coun- 

 try's history. In taking leave of Gov. Endicott, 

 as a cultivator of the soil, we will quote the lan- 

 guage of Dr. Bently, -who says, "Posterity has 

 fully approved the choice of Governor Endicott, 

 and more circumstances distinguish the grounds 

 on which he planted, than are recollected respect- 

 ing any of the leaders of the Pilgrims." The death 

 of this worthy and energetic man was tranquil and 

 easy, and took place at Boston, on the 15th of 

 March, 1GG5, he being seventy-seven years of age. 



Tradition says, he was buried in the King's 

 Chapel Buryiug-Ground. But the precise, spot is 



not now known. His tomb stone was standing at 

 the commencement of the Revolutionary war, 

 when it was destroyed, with many others, by the 

 British soldiers, when they occupied Boston. 

 Danvcrsport, Sept., 1852. s. P. F. 



CONCORD FARMER'S CLUB. 



Subject — Rearing, Feeding and Fat ting Swine. 



Mr. Wm, D. Brown said, that when we consid- 

 er that the richer the food the stronger will be the 

 waste matter, it will be seen from what the hog 

 eats that his manure must be a powerful stimulant. 

 So it is. It gives us the deep green corn in June. 

 It is particularly well suited to dig in about fruit 

 trees, being so fine. But notwithstanding the val- 

 uable qualities of this concentrated manure, it is 

 more generally wasted than any other. The yard 

 is usually open to the blazing sun, the drenching 

 rains and free winds of heaven. It is true that 

 nothing can ever be wholly lost, but these wasting 

 agencies transfer very rapidly the strength of the 

 exposed deposit, to the absorbing atmosphere. It 

 is said of Bonaparte, that he invariably selected 

 men for offices requiring great skill and wisdom, 

 who had large noses ! Happy and wise is he whose 

 nose is large enough, and sensitive enough, to 

 guide him in making such arrangement as will save 

 his own wealth, and permit his neighbor to breathe 

 air not corrupted. I believe the hog to be an in-door 

 animal ; entitled to agreeable food, and the whole 

 of his tail ! Treat him liberally, and whenever you 

 need, he will, with a little justifiable complaint, 

 yield up his life to you with a handsome profit. 



Mr. J. P. Brown said that some years ago he 

 made an estimate of the cost of keeping a certain 

 number of hogs. The result was, that year, he 

 had ninety dollars and the manure more than the 

 cost of keeping. In using $125 worth of feed on 

 four hogs he had received a profit of fifty-eight dol- 

 lars and seventy-five cents. He gave the items to 

 show this profit. He thought it profitable for most 

 families to keep one or more hogs. Many other 

 excellent remarks were made which we had not 

 opportunity to report. 



The opinion greatly prevailed with those pres- 

 ent, and many farmers of experience were present, 

 that it is profitable for farmers to rear and fat 

 swine for the market even in Middlesex county. 



Subject for discussion next week — Is the raising 

 of poultry profitable? Leaders in the discussion, 

 C. A. Hubbard, J. P. Brown, J. B. Farmer, C. 

 W. Goodnow. Place of meeting, Jacob B. Far- 

 mers. 



American Pomological Society. — A copy of the 

 Transactions of the Second Session of the Ameri- 

 can Pomological Society, held in Philadelphia, on 

 the 13th and 14th of September, 1852, has been 

 presented us by the Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, 

 President of the Society. The biennial delibera- 

 tions of the most skilful fruit culturists in the 



