14 MASS. EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 401 



thick as in Reine Hortense. The glands are usually two in number, although a 

 few varieties tend to have somewhat more. They may be on the base of the 

 blade, very small round as in Ostheim or somewhat larger reniform as in Late 

 Duke; or usually near the base of the blade on the petiole as in Montmorency 

 and Reine Hortense, the latter being somewhat stalked (Figure 14). Pubescence 

 varies from light on Montmorency to moderate on Early Richmond. There is 

 little evidence of petiole or midrib reflexion among Sours and Dukes. Hence, 

 with most varieties the leaves tend to be somewhat upright to spreading. Young 

 tip leaves are mostly green to tinged with red, although those of May Duke are 

 quite reddish in color. 



VARIETY COMPARISONS 



1. Early Richmond — Montmorency 



Early Richmond is the stronger grower with spreading or sprawling habit of 

 growth, while Montmorency is fairly upright with shorter and straighter branches. 

 Early Richmond buds are smaller and less pointed than those of Montmorency. 

 The one-year bark color of Early Richmond is lighter and the lenticels are smaller, 

 less raised, and more numerous, especially near the base of the branch. Petiole 

 pubescence on Early Richmond is somewhat heavier, while the leaves are a bit 

 lighter green in color and somewhat more folded than those of Montmorency. 

 The differences in glands, mentioned by Upshall (6), have not been found constant 

 enough to be of particular value. These two varieties are very difficult to tell 

 apart as one-year trees, unless they have made unusually good growth. 



2. Early Richmond — Dyehouse 



It is impossible positively to separate these two varieties as seen so far. Yet 

 as a row, Dyehouse seems to be a somewhat stronger, slightly more upright grower 

 with more secondary shoots than an equally good row of Early Richmond. 



3. English Morello 



As compared with Early Richmond and Montmorency, the other two most 

 common varieties of sour cherries found in nurseries, English Morello is usually 

 smaller, nearly as spreading as Early Richmond with fairly numerous lenticels. 

 The color of the shoot bark is more reddish brown throughout its length, and the 

 buds are smaller and more blunt than on either of the other two varieties. English 

 Morello leaves are usually smaller, more oval, and less folded, with duller surface 

 and grayish green instead of yellowish green color. The petiole is shorter, duller 

 red in color, and has even less pubescence than Montmorency. 



4. Chase — English Morello 



Chase is more dwarf, spreading or almost drooping, w'th lighter bark color 

 than English Morello. It lacks the characteristic reddish shoot bark color of 

 English Morello. Chase leaves are somewhat longer, with a narrower base and 

 longer apex, medium green leaf color, and less red in the petiole than English 

 Morello. 



5. SuDA — English Morello 



Suda has a distinctly Morello-type tree, but is shorter, with brown instead of 

 reddish brown bark, and lenticels which are practically flush instead of being 

 .raised like those of English Morello. The young growing tips of Suda are green, 

 while those of English Morello are tinged with red. Suda leaf is narrower at 

 base and ape.x and the serrations are somewhat coarser than those of English 

 Morello. 



