84 



CHU 



CID 



advise any person, who proposes 

 introduce any machine of the sort, 

 to consult the books to which we 

 refer, to ascertain whether his in- 

 vention contains any meritorious 

 novelty. 



Mr. WiUiam Bowler invented 

 an improved churn, for which the 

 Society for the Encouragement of 

 Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, 

 in England, gave him thirty guin- 

 eas. This is described with draw- 

 ings, in the Domestic Encyclopae- 

 dia, 3d American edition, vol. I. p. 

 462. 



Wright's Churn, described in the 

 same volume and the same page, 

 and made by Wright & Co. of 

 Philadelphia. 



The Rev. Mr. Willmarth, of 

 Wilton, N. H. has invented a Pa- 

 tent Churning Machine, which has 

 been thus described. The body 

 of the churn is square at the bot- 

 tom — two opposite sides are per- 

 pendicular. The other two oppo- 

 site sides converge or incline to- 

 wards the top. The dasher con- 

 sists of two arms, hung on pivots or 

 pins, on each perpendicular side of 

 the churn, which projecting down, 

 almost to the bottom, have insert- 

 ed between them a number of flats, 

 or thin pieces of wood. On the top 

 of these arms are framed two levers 

 at the centre, so as to project ho- 

 rizontally each way, and connect- 

 ed at each end with rounds. The 

 dasher moves or vibrates in a man- 

 ner similar to that of the patent 

 washing machine. By this means, 

 a powerful force is mechanically 

 applied to the cream, uniformly 

 straining and agitating the whole, 

 at jBvery vibration, with great ease 



to the operator. Children can use 

 it. The principal specific im- 

 provement in this machine, is the 

 Pe.nde.nl Swing Dasher. 



A churn invented by Mr. An- 

 drew Halliburton, of Portsmouth, 

 N.H. is described and recommend- 

 ed in the Massachusetts Agricul- 

 tural Repositonj, p. 164. 



An improvement in the dasher 

 of the common churn has been 

 made by a Mr. Fisher, in England, 

 who obtained a premium for his 

 discovery. The dasher turns on 

 the handle by being fixed to it by a 

 pivot. The dasher is two cross 

 pieces, about three inches square, 

 put together by being let into each 

 other, which then form four wings. 

 These are cut bevelling on each 

 side, at an angle of fort) -five de- 

 grees, so that they stand diagonal- 

 ly ; the whole being very similar 

 to the little wind-mills, (so called) 

 which are set up on poles to be 

 turned by the wind. 



As this dasher goes down in the 

 milk or cream, it turns one way, 

 and as it comes up, the other. It is 

 so efficacious, that the churning 

 must be performed moderately, or 

 the butter will come too soon, and 

 be swelled, as it is technically cal- 

 led by some. 



Oak is said to be better for 

 churns than pine, as the latter 

 gives something of its taste to the 

 butter. 



CIDER. In making cider see 

 that the mill, the press, and all the 

 materials be sweet and clean, and 

 the straw free from must. The 

 fruit should be ripe, but not rotten, 

 and when the apples are ground, if 

 the juice is left in the pomace from 



