PAN 



PAN 



ill 



\Vill greatly assist a weak dry soil 

 to retain moisture, and to hold the 

 manures that shall be given it. It 

 will be a lasting benefit. But this 

 ploughing should be done at a 

 time, when the clay is so damp 

 that it will turn over in whole 

 flakes. 



When a plot of ground intend- 

 ed for a garden wants an under 

 stratum, it may be advisable to 

 dig trenches four feet wide, and 

 place a regular bed of clay in the 

 bottom. The second trench may 

 be contiguous to the first, and the 

 first be filled up with the earth 

 that is taken out of the second; 

 and so on till the whole work is 

 completed. 



Some have put themselves to 

 the expense of this operation, only 

 with a view to get rid of all the 

 seed of weeds in a garden which 

 had long lain neglected, placing 

 the upper part of the soil at the 

 bottom. 



PANAX, GINSENG, or NIN- 

 SENG. As this plant is a native 

 of our country, and is become a 

 considerable article of commerce, 

 I think it is necessary that every 

 one should know how to distin- 

 guish it from all other plants when 

 he meets with it. I desire there- 

 fore to entertain the reader with 

 Mr. Miller's account of it. 



" It hath male and hermaphro- 

 dite flower on distinct plants. 

 The male have simple globular 

 umbels, composed of several co- 

 loured rays, which are equal. The 

 flower hath five narrow, oblong, 

 blunt petals, which are reflexed, 

 sitting on the empalement, and five 



oblong slender stamina inserted in 

 the empalement, terminated by sin- 

 gle summits. The hermaphrodite 

 umbels are simple, equal, and clus- 

 tered ; the involucrum is small, 

 permanent, and composed of sev- 

 eral awl-shaped leaves. The flow- 

 ers have five oblong, equal petals, 

 which are recurved, and five short 

 stamina terminated by single sum- 

 mits, which fall ott', with a round- 

 ish germen under the empalement, 

 supporting two small erect styles, 

 crowned by simple stigmas. The 

 germen afterwards becomes an 

 umbilicated berry with two cells, 

 each containing a single heart sha- 

 ped, convex, plain seed. 



" The species are, 1 . Panax quin- 

 quefolmm, foliis ternis quinatis ^ or 

 panax with trifoliate cinquefoil 

 leaves ; called ninzin. 2. Panax 

 trifolinm, foliis ternis ternatis j or 

 panax with three trifoliate leaves. 

 " Both these plants grow natur- 

 ally in North America; the first is 

 generally believed to be the same 

 as the Tartarian Ginseng. It has 

 a fleshy taper root, as large as a 

 man's finger, which is jointed, and 

 frequently divided into smaller fi- 

 bres downward. The stalk rises 

 above a foot high, naked to the top, 

 where it generally divides into 

 three small foot stalks, each sus- 

 taining a leaf composed of five 

 spear shaped lobes, which are saw- 

 ed on their edges; they are of a 

 pale green, and a little hairy. The 

 flowers arise on a slender foot stalk, 

 just at the division of the foot stalks 

 which sustain the leaves, and are 

 formed into a small umbel at the 

 top; they are of an herbaceous yel- 



